Journal of Nutritional Science最新文献

{"title":"Contribution of groundwater iron to cooked rice and the implication on the recommended iron intakes: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.","authors":"Nobonita Saha, Sabuktagin Rahman, Towhid Hasan, Sneha Sarwar, Marjia Sultana, Abu Ahmed Shamim, Nazma Shaheen","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10063","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Groundwater iron varies geographically and iron intake through drinking water can minimise iron deficiency (ID). Rice, a major share of daily meals (∼70% of total energy) in Bangladesh, absorbs a substantial amount of water. This study aimed to estimate the contribution of groundwater iron entrapped in cooked rice and its implications on the recommended iron intake. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 25 households, selected by the iron content of their drinking groundwater source in Sirajganj district, Bangladesh. Each household pre-supplied with 600 g of raw rice (300 g for each cooking), was instructed to cook 'water-draining rice' (WDR) and 'water-sitting rice' (WSR). Using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, iron content in filtered and non-filtered water was measured as 0.4 ± 0.2 mg/L and 6.1 ± 2.0 mg/L, respectively. After adjusting for water filtration, the weighted mean of total iron content in WDR and WSR was 6.18 mg and 5.70 mg, respectively. Assuming the average rice intake, iron content in WDR and WSR fulfilled approximately 98.15% and 90.62% of the average requirement for non-pregnant and non-lactating women (NPNL). The water-entrapped iron in cooked WDR and WSR fulfilled about 23.77% and 20.4% of Recommended Dietary Allowances, and 52.83% and 45.30% of Estimated Average Requirements, respectively in NPNL women, suggesting that groundwater entrapped in cooked rice is an influential dietary iron source. The substantial amount of iron from cooked rice can make an additional layer to the environmental contribution of iron in this setting with the potential to contribute ID prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"e2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12800542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An SMS intervention to reduce caregiver's sugar-sweetened beverages: impacts on theoretical constructs and parenting practices from a randomized controlled trial in rural appalachia.","authors":"Brittany M Kirkpatrick, Donna-Jean P Brock, Annie L Reid, Kathleen J Porter, Theresa H Markwalter, Wen You, Philip I Chow, Lee Ritterband, Jamie Zoellner","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10057","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kids SIP<i>smart</i>ER is a school-based behavioural intervention for rural Appalachia middle school students with an integrated two-way short message service (SMS) strategy for caregivers. When tested in a cluster randomized controlled trial, the intervention led to significant improvements in sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among students and caregivers. This study explores changes in secondary caregiver outcomes, including changes in caregiver SSB-related theory of planned behaviour constructs (affective attitudes, instrumental attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and intentions), parenting practices, and the home environment. Participants included 220 caregivers (93% female, 88% White, 95% non-Hispanic, mean age 40.6) in Virginia and West Virginia at baseline and 7 months post-intervention. Relative to control caregivers (<i>n</i> = 102), intervention caregivers (<i>n</i> = 118) showed statistically significant improvements in instrumental attitudes (Coef.= 0.53, 95% CI [0.04, 1.01], <i>p</i> = 0.033), behavioural intentions (Coef.=0.46, 95% CI [0.05, 0.88], <i>p</i> = 0.027), parenting practices (Coef. = 0.22, 95% CI [0.11, 0.33], <i>p</i> < 0.001), and total home SSB availability (Coef. = -0.25, 95% CI [-0.39, -0.11], <i>p</i> < 0.001), with specific improvements for sweetened juice drinks (Coef. = -0.18, 95% CI [-0.35, -0.01], <i>p</i> = 0.043) and regular soda/soft drinks (Coef. = -0.31, 95% CI [-0.55, -0.07], <i>p</i> = 0.010). In contrast, there were no significant between group changes for affective attitudes, subjective norms, or perceived behavioural control. Our findings highlight future research areas and fill gaps in intervention literature. This study is among the few to develop and evaluate a scalable, theory-based caregiver SMS component in a rural, school-based intervention. Combined with evidence that Kids SIP<i>smart</i>ER improved SSB behaviours, our results emphasize the potential of theory-guided SMS interventions to impact SSB-related outcomes. <b>Trial registration:</b> Clincialtrials.gov: NCT03740113.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12765954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An open-label interventional study on efficacy and safety of 25 µg of daily calcifediol capsule versus 100 µg of cholecalciferol sachets in apparently healthy volunteers.","authors":"Ravi Shah, Liza Das, Dipika Bansal, Naresh Sachdeva, Michael F Holick, Pinaki Dutta, Sanja Medenica, Raman Kumar Marwaha","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10064","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the multiple advantages of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcifediol or 25(OH)D) compared to cholecalciferol, it is used sparingly. This study was planned to assess the safety and efficacy of supplementing daily 25 µg of calcifediol capsules vis-a-vis 100 µg (4000 IU) of cholecalciferol sachets in apparently healthy individuals with vitamin D deficiency in Chandigarh, India (latitude 30.7° North, 76.8° East). It was a prospective, interventional study to evaluate the effects of calcifediol vis-a-vis cholecalciferol. Following initial screening of 70 subjects in each group, 62 were included in the calcifediol and 41 in the cholecalciferol group. Forty-six from calcifediol and 37 from cholecalciferol group completed the 6-month follow up. There was a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D (355% in cholecalciferol & 574% in calcifediol groups, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and 1,25 (OH)₂D (<i>p</i> < 0.001) with a marked decrease in iPTH (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and ALP (<i>p</i> = 0.016) in both groups. Though serum ALP decreased significantly more in the calcifediol group than the cholecalciferol group, no appreciable difference in other biochemical parameters was noted between the groups. No episodes of hypercalcaemia or incidence of new renal stone disease were observed during follow-up. However, hypercalciuria (spot urine calcium creatinine > 0.2 mg/mg) was noted in 8/46 individuals in the calcifediol group and 5/37 individuals in the cholecalciferol group at final visit with no significant difference between two groups. This study establishes the efficacy and safety of correcting vitamin D deficiency with daily 25 µg calcifediol capsules as an alternative to 4000 IU (100 µg) cholecalciferol sachets.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12800533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation in appetite status in adults aged 65 and older living alone and living with others: a four-season longitudinal study.","authors":"Kyoko Fujihira, Masaki Takahashi, Ai Iizuka, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Naoyuki Hayashi","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10061","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maintaining appetite in older adults is important for preventing malnutrition. Previous studies have shown seasonal variations in dietary intake, suggesting that appetite itself may vary with the seasons. Nevertheless, few studies have directly examined seasonal changes in appetite in older adults, particularly those living alone, who are at higher risk of malnutrition. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to identify when appetite declines throughout the year in older adults living alone and with others. Of the 60 adults aged 65 and older who participated in the study, 57 completed the longitudinal study over four seasons. Appetite for each season was assessed using the Simple Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) and the visual analogue scale for hunger, satiety, and expectation of food intake. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Food Frequency Questionnaire. The living arrangements of the participants were determined based on whether they were living alone or with others. The stratified analysis revealed seasonal changes in SNAQ scores exclusively among individuals living alone (<i>p</i> = 0.029, effect size = 0.280), who exhibited diminished appetite during summer compared to winter (<i>p</i> = 0.026, 95% CI: 0.076-1.258). No seasonal variation in appetite or nutritional status was observed in those living with others (<i>p</i> > 0.05). These findings highlight the importance of an approach that considers living arrangement and seasonality to ensure that older people maintain adequate appetite status throughout the year.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-ketoglutarate supplementation improves hyperglycemia and attenuates the decrease in GLUT4 and PGC-1α proteins in adipose tissue of streptozotocin-high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice.","authors":"Ai Takemura, Yutaka Matsunaga, Shota Hajime, Wenxin Wang, Yumiko Takahashi, Hideo Hatta","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10059","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a well-known intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and plays an important role in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: leucine, isoleucine, and valine). While previous study suggested that AKG enhances glucose metabolism, its effect on the adaptation of muscles and adipocytes has not been well studied in diabetic condition. This study aimed to determine whether AKG improves glucose metabolism in the skeletal muscles and adipose tissues in diabetic mice. Male institute of cancer research mice were divided into control, diabetic, and diabetic + AKG groups. Diabetes (DM) was induced by a high fat diet consumption and streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Mice in the DM + AKG group were administered 1% AKG in drinking water for 6 weeks. The non-fasting plasma glucose level was significantly higher in the diabetic group than that in the control and DM + AKG groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein levels in the muscles between the DM and DM + AKG groups. AKG supplementation attenuated the decrease in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 alpha and GLUT4 protein levels in inguinal and epididymal adipose tissues in diabetic condition. In conclusion, the study findings suggested that AKG supplementation increased protein levels related to mitochondrial biogenesis and glucose transporters in adipocyte tissue accompanied with improved whole-body glucose metabolism in STZ and high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12765956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance with the recommended daily intake of at least 400g of fruits and vegetables and its relationship with behavioural change stages in Mexican adults.","authors":"Alejandra Jiménez-Aguilar, Rebeca Uribe-Carvajal, Araceli Salazar-Coronel, Cristina Álvarez-Sánchez, Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez, Ivonne Ramírez-Silva, Teresa Shamah-Levy, Carmen Morales-Ruán","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10058","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Promoting fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption is a public health priority. This study assessed compliance with the international recommendation of consuming at least 400g of F&V daily among Mexican adults and analysed its association with the five stages of behaviour change from the Transtheoretical Model (Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation for action, Action, and Maintenance). Using data from 5203 adults (ages 20-59) in the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, dietary intake was collected via a food frequency questionnaire. Compliance was defined dichotomously (Yes/No), and readiness to change was assessed using a specific survey module. Multiple logistic regression models examined the association between stages of change and compliance, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics, as well as perceived barriers and self-efficacy. Nationally, 26.3% of adults met the F&V recommendation. Compliance was significantly higher among individuals in the Preparation for action (OR 3.62, 95% CI: 1.82-7.19), Action (OR 4.50, 95% CI: 1.8-11.25), and Maintenance (OR 9.54, 95% CI: 4.76-19.13) than those in the Precontemplation stage. Higher compliance was also significantly associated with greater self-efficacy (OR 1.86, 95% CI: 1.4-2.47), being in the highest socioeconomic tertile (OR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.25-2.33), and living in the central region (OR 1.70, 95% CI: 1.18-2.45). Conversely, individuals reporting a dislike for vegetables were less likely to meet recommendations (OR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48-0.94). These findings highlight the value of developing stage-tailored interventions that consider both psychological and structural barriers to improve F&V consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12740495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different iron sources on growth performance, intestinal morphology, development, and cell proliferation in weanling piglets.","authors":"Ping Kang, Guolong Song, Jiajun Fan, Dianchao Gu, Qingqing Lv, Bingzhao Shi, Qingliang Chen, Kun Qin, Yanling Kuang, Dan Wang, Qiaoling Wen, Huiling Zhu, Yulan Liu","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10054","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study aimed to investigate the effects of different iron sources on growth performance and small intestinal health in weaned piglets. Two hundred and forty piglets (<i>Duroc</i> × <i>Large White</i> × <i>Landrace</i>, 9.52 ± 1.60 kg, 40 ± 2 d) were assigned to four treatments including control group, a basal diet without iron supplemented in mineral premix; ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄) group, 100 mg Fe/kg dry matter (DM); ferrous glycinate (Fe-Gly) group, 80 mg Fe/kg DM; amino acid-Fe(II)-chelator complexes group, 30 mg Fe/kg DM. There were four pens for each treatment, and each pen had fifteen piglets. The experiment lasted for 28 days. Compared to the control group, three iron sources increased average daily feed intake (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Fe-Gly and amino acid-Fe(II)-chelator complexes increased average daily gain (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Amino acid-Fe(II)-chelator complexes increased villus height in jejunum (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In addition, Fe-Gly increased Ki67 and leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) mRNA expression in duodenum (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Amino acid-Fe(II)-chelator complexes increased claudin-1 mRNA expression, and both amino acid-Fe(II)-chelator complexes and Fe-Gly increased Lgr5 mRNA expression (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in jejunum. These results suggest that organic iron is more effective than FeSO₄ in improving growth performance, and has a positive effect on intestinal health in weanling piglets.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No evidence for an association between in utero Ramadan exposure and mean arterial pressure and random blood glucose in adulthood: evidence from SEACO in Malaysia.","authors":"Patricia Mary Elizabeth, Fabienne Pradella, Tin Tin Su, Andrea U Seiermann, Anja Schoeps, Roshidi Ismail, Reyn van Ewijk, Volker Winkler, Melani R Mahanani","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10060","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A growing body of evidence shows an association between in utero Ramadan exposure and negative long-term consequences. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of studies utilizing clinical measures in adults. This study investigates a possible association between in utero Ramadan exposure and mean arterial pressure (MAP) as well as random blood glucose (RBG) measures in the adult offspring. Using cross-sectional data from the Southeast Asia community observatory health and demographic surveillance system (SEACO) in Malaysia for two survey rounds (year 2013 and 2018), we compared MAP and RBG of in utero Ramadan-exposed Muslims with unexposed Muslims and non-Muslims. In utero Ramadan exposure was estimated based on the overlap between pregnancy (estimated from birth dates) and Ramadan periods. We conducted difference-in-differences analyses adjusted for age and birth months (seasonal effects). A total of 20,575 participants aged 35 or older were included in the analysis, comprising 12,696 Muslims and 7,879 non-Muslims. Difference-in-differences analyses revealed no statistically significant association between in utero Ramadan exposure and MAP, or between in utero Ramadan and RBG. These findings persisted in additional analyses examining the timing of Ramadan exposure during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demand- and supply-side barriers and facilitators of the weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programme in Sidama Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Amelo Bolka, Tafese Bosha, Samson Gebremedhin","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10055","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The weekly iron and folic acid supplementation (WIFAS) programme is a school-based initiative designed to reduce iron and folate deficiency anaemia among adolescent girls. In Ethiopia, donor-supported pilot programmes are implementing WIFAS in schools, but evaluations of its demand- and supply-side barriers and facilitators remain limited. This study aimed to explore these barriers and facilitators in the Sidama Region of Ethiopia. An exploratory qualitative study collected data from ten WIFAS-targeted schools using key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs). Participants included purposively selected school directors, WIFAS-trained teachers, health centre heads, district health and education office nutrition focal points, and regional health and education bureau delegates. Ten FGDs were conducted with adolescent girls and their mothers. Thematic analysis was performed using Open Code software to identify emerging themes. This study identified low awareness of iron and folic acid (IFA) tablets, negative community perceptions, fear of side effects, supplementation interruptions due to school closures, and inadequate coverage as key barriers. Structural barriers included poor programme coordination, weak supply chain management, and water scarcity. Facilitators included free IFA tablet distribution, health extension workers' involvement in awareness campaigns, positive testimonials, local leader support, training, and regular supervision. The WIFAS programme implemented in schools of the Sidama Region faces programmatic and structural barriers. However, facilitators like free IFA distribution, health extension worker involvement, and community support offer opportunities for improvement. These findings highlight the need for addressing barriers while leveraging existing facilitators for enhancing programme success.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palmitic acid reduces cytosolic potassium and induces IL-1β production in lipopolysaccharide-primed human macrophages.","authors":"Jyue-Wei Chuang, Shao-Chun Lu","doi":"10.1017/jns.2025.10053","DOIUrl":"10.1017/jns.2025.10053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saturated fatty acids, particularly palmitic acid (PA), promote inflammation and contribute to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PA induces interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed macrophages via NLRP3 inflammasome activation; but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigates whether PA-induced IL-1β production involves cytosolic potassium (K⁺) depletion. In LPS-primed macrophages, treatment with PA conjugated to bovine serum albumin (PA-BSA) significantly reduced cytosolic K⁺ levels and increased IL-1β production 2.4-fold. Stearic acid-BSA produced similar effects, whereas BSA-bound oleic, linoleic and docosahexaenoic acids had minimal impact. Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel blockers, 4-aminopyridine and tetraethylammonium chloride, attenuated PA-BSA-induced K⁺ efflux and IL-1β production in LPS-primed macrophages, implicating Kv channels as key mediators. These findings reveal a novel inflammatory pathway in which PA-BSA promotes IL-1β production via Kv channel-dependent K⁺ efflux, highlighting a mechanistic link between saturated fatty acid exposure and inflammatory signalling.</p>","PeriodicalId":47536,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutritional Science","volume":"14 ","pages":"e84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}