Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery最新文献

{"title":"A 3D Imaging-Based Analysis of Bone-to-Implant Contact in Zygomatic Implant Cases: Experience from 18 Partially or Fully Edentulous Maxilla Involving 37 Implants.","authors":"Varun Arya, Angel Arora, Virender Singh, Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s12663-025-02695-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-025-02695-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zygomatic implants provide an alternative anchorage solution for patients with severe maxillary atrophy, eliminating the need for extensive bone grafting. The long-term success of these implants depends on their osseointegration and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) within the zygomatic structure.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate radiographic bone-implant contact (rBIC) in zygomatic implants using three-dimensional imaging. It investigated variations in rBIC based on implant quantity (single vs. double), location (anterior vs. posterior), and gender differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 37 zygomatic implants placed in 18 edentulous or partially edentulous maxillary patients. CBCT imaging was used to measure rBIC, and statistical comparisons were performed using independent and paired <i>t</i> tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study demonstrated a 100% implant survival rate over 26 months. rBIC values showed no significant variation based on gender (<i>p</i> = 0.571) or implant count (single vs. double; <i>p</i> = 0.62). However, posterior implants showed significantly higher rBIC (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than anterior implants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Zygomatic implants exhibit high survival rates and stable bone integration. Implant location significantly affects rBIC, emphasizing the importance of precise placement for optimal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"732-739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palato-lingual Direct-cross Wire Maxillo-mandibular Fixation: A Modified Technique for management of Mandibular Fractures and a Comparative Study.","authors":"Amiya Agrawal, Arunesh Kumar Tiwari, Shanthosh Kanna, Shivani Sharma, Geeta Singh","doi":"10.1007/s12663-025-02640-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-025-02640-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF)is inevitable in craniomaxillofacial trauma despite open or closed reduction. Conventionally, for MMF Erich's arch bar is used. In our study, a novel technique with 26 -gauge direct wires were used for MMF. A prospective study was planned to determine the efficacy of these wires in MMF with several criteria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study groups were divided in to two groups say Group A and Group B where in the prior group MMF was done with Erich's arch bar whereas in latter it was done with novel technique. In group B, the wires were passed buccally at 1 st molar region through mesial and distal embrasure in the 1 st quadrant and from the palato-lingual side the wires were taken back to the buccal side. The same procedure was performed on the opposite side as well in the anterior region. Postoperative occlusion, pain score, Oral Hygiene Index (OHIs), Hard tissue Irritation of Mucosa Scale (HIMS)* and few other criteria were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was significant difference (0.001) in time taken to place direct wire through novel technique when compared to conventional technique. There were also significant differences in VAS score, OHIS, HIMS grading between groups respectively (P0.001) proving novel technique to be a better alternative to Erich's arch bars in closed reduction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel technique is relatively easy to perform and provides MMF in a shorter time period. It also provides better oral hygiene, less pain and less irritation to surrounding soft tissues. Although a prospective study with larger sample size is required to better evaluate its need in maxillofacial injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"683-696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Osteogenic Potential of Periodontal Ligament and Tooth-Derived Substrates Effect on Osteogenesis: An In Vitro Pilot Study.","authors":"Tiago Pinto Carvalho, Thiago Resck, Davi Kirsch, Marcelo Sperandio, Marcelo Henrique Napimoga, Júlio César Joly, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes, Daiane Cristina Peruzzo","doi":"10.1007/s12663-024-02311-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12663-024-02311-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this in vitro pilot study was to compare the osteogenic potential of different ground human tooth preparations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve maxillary third molars were included and divided into four groups: FT (full tooth), containing all dental tissues (enamel, dentin, pulp, cementum, and periodontal ligament); WE, without enamel; WPL, without periodontal ligament; and WEPL, without enamel and periodontal ligament. The teeth were ground to macroscopically homogeneous particles. The new bone formation was the primary variable evaluated. Pre-osteoblastic cells were incubated with protein extracted from this substrate to verify their osteoinductive potential. Cell proliferation, viability assays, mRNA expression of type I Collagen (COL-I), RUNX-2, BMP-2, and mineral nodules were assessed to achieve the main outcome. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, considering alpha = 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The FT group had the lowest proliferation cell rates, whereas WEPL had the highest rates (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, there was an increased gene expression of all genes studied in the WEPL group and a greater formation of phosphate nodules (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dental substrate without enamel and periodontal ligament (WEPL) showed better and improved results than the other groups, revealing promising osteogenic potential for use as a biomaterial for grafting.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"752-759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Activated PRF and Standard PRF in Terms of Evaluation of Quality Bone Regeneration in Extraction Sockets of Impacted Third Molar: A Split-Mouth Double-Blind Control Trial.","authors":"Sayali Awate, Kalyani Bhate, Murtaza Mohemadali Contractor, Uday Londhe, Sherwin Samuel, Sunnypriyatham Tirupathi","doi":"10.1007/s12663-024-02358-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-024-02358-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to comprehensively compare the efficacy of activated PRF (A-PRF) and standard PRF (S-PRF) in bilateral mandibular third molar surgeries, focusing on soft and hard tissue healing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A clinical, prospective, split-mouth design was employed involving 16 patients with bilateral impacted mandibular third molars. The study, conducted from January 2020 to September 2021, adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and received institutional ethics approval. Soft tissue regeneration and bone healing were assessed in 32 extraction sites, with A-PRF and S-PRF allocated to distinct groups. Evaluation included a healing index (HI) for soft tissue on days 1, 7, and 21, and CBCT for bone density at immediate postoperative and three-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analyses revealed a significant advantage for A-PRF in soft tissue healing on days 7 and 21 (p = 0.01, z = 2.39; p = 0.00032, z = 3.59, respectively). CBCT assessments demonstrated a notable increase in bone density in the A-PRF group compared to S-PRF at both time points (<i>p</i> = 0.00001). Growth factor analysis further supported the superior performance of A-PRF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study establishes that A-PRF exhibits enhanced soft and hard tissue healing compared to S-PRF in bilateral mandibular third molar surgeries. The findings underscore the potential clinical utility of A-PRF, offering improved outcomes and patient comfort. Further investigations may explore underlying mechanisms and long-term implications for a more comprehensive understanding of its role in oral surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"866-874"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148043930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Nanometabolomics Paradigm: Understanding the Role of Pathophysiology and Biomarkers in Predicting Oral Cancer.","authors":"Sriparna De, Vertika Rai, Fahim Ahmed, Madhurima Basak, Surajit Bose","doi":"10.1007/s12663-024-02348-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-024-02348-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral cancer represents a significant global health burden, with its incidence steadily increasing over recent years. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, early diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive, necessitating innovative approaches. Metabolomics, a powerful analytical technique, offers insights into the metabolic alterations associated with oral cancer progression. By profiling metabolites, it enables the identification of biomarkers indicative of disease onset, progression, and response to treatment.</p><p><strong>Aim and objectives: </strong>Nanotechnology emerges as a promising ally in overcoming these limitations. Nanomaterials possess unique physicochemical properties that can be harnessed for targeted drug delivery, imaging, and sensing. In this context, our aim is to summarize implication of nanotechnology-integrated metabolomics as facilitators for the development of novel diagnostic platforms and therapeutics with enhanced specificity and efficacy. To address this, our objectives are segregated wherein the metabolomics profiling of biomarkers was investigated contributing to the diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancers. The implication of nanotechnology insights targeted molecular imaging, biomarker analysis and nano-omics technological adavancements assisting early prognosis of oral cancer. In summary, comprehensive literature review of exploring the metabolomic profiling coupled with nanomaterial-based intervention enables early detection of oral cancer with unprecedented sensitivity and specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review comprehensively discusses recent advancements in metabolomic profiling and nanotechnology-based approaches for oral cancer diagnosis and treatment. Advanced technology and biological instruments present excellent prospects for metabolic profiling, enabling the identification of biomarkers for early identification, prognosis, and consequently planned and comprehensive therapy that would be most advantageous for the patients. Amalgamating the skills of physicians, researchers, and bioinformatics will undoubtedly aid in overcoming obstacles and enable patients with oral cancer to fully benefit from metabolism when receiving precision oncology treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"668-682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Surgical-Site Infections Following Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Pouyan Ebrahimi, Hamid Parsa, Ali Tavassoli, Naeime Rayiat, Ali Alizadeh Khatir, Sara Mohammadnia, Helia Ghaffari Hamedani, Nassim Rezapour, Negar Jafari, Houman Khakestariyan, Kimia Bagheri, Farzane Abbasi, Kimia Pakdaman, Sara Janbazi, Andarz Fazlollahpour-Naghibi, Mahdi Sepidarkish, Ali Rostami, Zahra Geraili","doi":"10.1007/s12663-025-02682-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-025-02682-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Surgical-site infections (SSIs) following oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) represent a significant healthcare concern due to the unique anatomical and microbiological challenges of the surgical field. The oral cavity harbors a dense and diverse microbiota, and OMFS procedures frequently involve mucosal breaches, increasing susceptibility to infection. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global incidence of post-OMFS SSIs and identify associated risk factors and causative pathogens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched international databases and studies reporting post-OMFS incidence were included, adhering to predefined criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using standardized tools. We used random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the global and regional post-OMFS incidence. Heterogeneity was assessed using <i>I</i> ², and further analyses, including subgroup and meta-regression analyses, were conducted to identify its sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 50 studies comprising 57,159 patients, published between 1980 and 2023, across 22 countries were included. The global pooled incidence of post-OMFS SSIs was estimated at 6.03% (5.33-6.73%), with the highest and lowest rates observed in South Asia (15.07%, 3.63-26.5%) and North America (4.02%, 1.66-6.37%), respectively. Incidence rate was higher in countries with lower levels of income and human development index. Risk factors identified included gender, smoking, higher body mass index, diabetes, antibiotic practices, and specific surgical variables. The primary causative pathogens were <i>Streptococcus</i> spp., <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp., <i>Bacteroides</i> spp., <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Klebsiella</i> spp.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides a comprehensive understanding of post-OMFS SSIs globally, emphasizing the importance of tailored preventive measures. The scarcity of data for various regions warrants increased attention. Healthcare providers should be vigilant regarding identified risk factors and causative pathogens, implementing targeted strategies to mitigate SSIs in OMFS.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12663-025-02682-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"824-836"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Transdermal Buprenorphine Patch on Pain at the Donor Site in Reconstruction with PMMC Flap: A Randomized Trial.","authors":"Preeti Athwani, Sonal Shah, Smriti Ticku, Digvijay Shitole","doi":"10.1007/s12663-025-02601-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-025-02601-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of transdermal buprenorphine patches in reducing postoperative pain compared to intravenous tramadol in patients undergoing PMMC flap reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, at our institute. Twelve patients undergoing reconstruction with PMMC flap were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (control) received intravenous tramadol hydrochloride (50 mg thrice daily), and Group B (experimental) received a transdermal buprenorphine patch (20 mcg/hour) starting from postoperative day 1, with injection tramadol hydrochloride 50 mg administered intravenously on the day of surgery. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Wong-Baker Pain Scale, and Adult Non-Verbal Pain Scale on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and 7.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On postoperative day 1, both groups reported high pain levels with no significant difference between them. By day 3, the buprenorphine patch group began to show a reduction in pain, although it was not statistically significant. However, on days 5 and 7, the buprenorphine group demonstrated significantly lower pain scores compared to the tramadol group, as measured by the VAS and Wong-Baker scales. The Adult Non-Verbal Pain Scale also reflected a significant reduction in pain by day 7 in the buprenorphine group.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"923-928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of Recurrence in Carcinoma Oral Cavity: Prospective Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Ashok Kumar Singh, Durgesh Kumar, Ankur Verma, Mohit Sharma, Abhigyan Kumar, Santosh Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s12663-024-02390-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-024-02390-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to assess the pattern of recurrence in operated oral squamous cell carcinoma with clinical stage T1-T4a, N1-2, M0 who completed their adjuvant treatment as per standard guidelines.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>This prospective longitudinal study was performed from August 2016-December 2018 to analyze the recurrence pattern and factors affecting it in 100 patients operated in time period of August 2016-December 2018 who developed recurrence in a defined time period till December 2018. All patients were followed post-surgery every three month in OPD, recurrences were detected by history, physical examination, imaging and were confirmed by tissue biopsy/FNAC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total 840 patients of SCC oral cavity operated in time period of August 2016-December 2018. These patients were regularly followed up till December 2018 in head and neck unit, total 100 patients who developed recurrence in the defined time period were included in the study. 82 patients were male and 18 female (M: F = 4.5:1), 40-60 year being most common age group. Most common site of primary tumor was Buccal mucosa in 40% of cases followed by oral tongue in 24% of cases in the present study, local recurrence was most common pattern of failure in 65% of patient, while 29% patients fails regionally and 6% patients developed distant failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that more than half of patients presented mostly in the advanced stage. Most recurrences were local. Close margins was the most common factor predisposing both the total and local recurrence. Perineural spread was more in patients with local recurrence but the p value was not significant. Lymphovascular invasion and extra capsular spread contributes to nodal recurrences. Operated patients of carcinoma buccal mucosa need intensive surveillance, since most recurrences occur within 12 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"638-645"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Effect of Resection of a Radicular Cyst in the Anterior Maxilla with Bone Grafting and Immediate Implant Placement.","authors":"Yun Yang, Ningbo Geng","doi":"10.1007/s12663-025-02576-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-025-02576-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical application of simultaneous bone grafting and immediate implant placement (IIP) for excision of radicular cysts in the anterior region of the maxilla and evaluate its clinical effect.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 19 patients with radicular cysts in the anterior maxilla were retrospectively enrolled and 26 implants were placed. The affected teeth were extracted and the cysts were removed simultaneously with bone grafting and IIP. Secondary restorations were placed 4-6 months after surgery. Regular follow-up was performed after implant placement to detect cyst recurrence. The clinical efficacy of the procedures was evaluated by measuring changes in bone tissue after bone grafting and by examining the stability of the implants and prostheses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all cases, there was no cyst recurrence and osteogenesis in the bone graft area was good. New bone was formed in the bone graft area and density increased, which was consistent with the surrounding bone tissue. The implant was well integrated with the bone. None of the implants loosened. Vertical alveolar bone resorption was less than 1.0 mm per year. The implant prosthesis had good chewing function and the success rate was 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IIP with simultaneous bone grafting after the resection of cyst in the anterior region of the maxilla is a feasible clinical method of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"745-751"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148043902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Great Auricular Nerve via Bony Landmarks: A Cadaver Study.","authors":"May Lin, Faisal Quereshy, Dale Baur","doi":"10.1007/s12663-025-02568-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12663-025-02568-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The great auricular nerve (GAN) is a sensory nerve supplied by C2-C3 that provides sensation to the angle of the mandible and posterior auricle. It is commonly sacrificed in both elective and nonelective surgeries but does not lead to a significant decrease in quality of life.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This cadaver study aims to assess two bony landmarks, the angle of the mandible (AOM) and the tip of the mastoid process, and calculate a ratio that can reliably serve as a dependable range for identifying the Great Auricular nerve (GAN) during surgical procedures.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Forty-six cadaver sides from the Case Western Reserve University Anatomy Department were dissected to expose the GAN along the AOM, Erb's point, and mastoid process. This study used two independent observers to calculate the ratio between AOM and mastoid process (mm) divided by the AOM to GAN (mm) along the same angle.</p><p><strong>Analyses: </strong>Statistical analyses assessed the reliability of the ratio for identifying the GAN. Mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were calculated, and data normality was confirmed. Interobserver reliability was evaluated using the coefficient of variation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ratio was 0.457 with a standard deviation of ± 0.085. The data was normally distributed with a coefficient of variation was 14.21 for the distance between AOM and GAN and 22.00 for the distance between AOM and the mastoid process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GAN was reliably found by bisecting about halfway between AOM and mastoid process.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12663-025-02568-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":47495,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery","volume":"25 3","pages":"814-817"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}