Research in Social Stratification and Mobility最新文献

{"title":"When advantages disappear: Long-term trends in gender and social origin inequalities and the rise of horizontal stratification in higher education in South Korea","authors":"Seongsoo Choi ,&nbsp;Subin Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research on educational stratification has shifted focus from vertical to horizontal inequalities and the intersectionality of gender and social origin. Yet, little empirical research has examined how these multidimensional inequalities emerge and evolve over time. We argue that as traditional advantages by gender and SES decline, new horizontal inequalities may arise, maintaining advantage for privileged groups. Using nine nationally representative survey samples, we analyze South Korea, where higher education expanded rapidly in the late 20th century, examining cohort trends in gender and SES gaps across both vertical (college completion) and horizontal (institutional selectivity and STEM choice) dimensions. Our findings show that while the male advantage disappeared and SES disparities in college access narrowed, a new gap emerged, favoring high-SES males in STEM fields at selective universities. We also find suggestive evidence that rising labor market demand for STEM skills may be a factor explaining recent differences in major choice between high-SES men and women. This study reveals a new pathway of educational stratification shaped interactively by gender and SES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The legacy of names. Persistence in social status in Sweden 1865–2015","authors":"Elien Dalman","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores how social origin, reflected by occupation and family name from both parents, has been passed down over the past 150 years in Sweden. It finds that intergenerational rank-rank associations in occupational status – a typical measure of social mobility – have remained surprisingly constant at levels around 0.27 – as in the US (<span><span>Song et al., 2020</span></span>). However, intergenerational correlations are substantially higher among those with surnames reflecting high historical prestige. Surname type reflects a heritable social status dimension at the group level (such as ethnicity), which persists strongly across generations. By comparing occupational and surname-based social status, this study offers new insights into the persistent nature of social inequality and the factors that influence it over time. It offers a new perspective on the transition from “ascribed” (surname) to “achieved” (occupational) status as Sweden industrialized, modernized, and became a welfare state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social inequalities in children’s cognitive and socioemotional development: The role of home learning environments and early childhood education","authors":"Ilaria Pietropoli ,&nbsp;Pablo Gracia","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study uses high-quality longitudinal data from the <em>Growing Up in Ireland</em> study to examine the interplay between home learning environment (HLE) and early childhood education (ECE) in explaining children’s skills development from 9 months to 5 years old across parental socioeconomic status (SES). Random-effects linear regression models show that: (1) supportive HLE improves children’s cognitive and socioemotional skills and ECE quality critically fosters early socioemotional skills; (2) SES is associated with higher early cognitive and socioemotional outcomes, while responsive and consistent parenting behaviours among low-SES parents is particularly critical to improve their children’s socioemotional well-being; (3) high-quality ECE attendance compensates for children’s behavioural problems in less responsive parenting environments, especially among low-SES families, whereas home literacy stimulation is necessary condition for high-quality ECE attendance to benefit children’s early cognitive skills. Overall, HLE and ECE mutually interact in explaining differences in children’s early skills development across SES groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The socio-organisational embeddedness of work-life mobility","authors":"Per Block ,&nbsp;Jan O. Jonsson","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has recently been renewed interest in occupational mobility over the life-course. We argue that such studies should place greater emphasis on organisational and social embeddings of occupations as key drivers of mobility. Occupations are interconnected by their organisational, regional, and industrial contexts, which create mobility opportunities. These contexts also foster social relations that underpin classic mobility predictors such as social capital, cultural capital, and aspiration, all of which guide occupational choices. Building on the idea that social and organisational relations between occupations shape the overall structure of social mobility, we devise a structural model that focuses not on variables, but on emergent mobility patterns. We conceptualise the mobility table as a network, fitting a loglinear model including concentration, reciprocity, and clustering parameters. This model is applied to analyse intra-generational mobility between 59 micro-classes in the UK during the first decade of this century, using data from the British Household Panel Survey. We find that emergent patterns are strong predictors of mobility. When comparing our model to a conventional social-class based one, we find that social-class parameters decrease by 88 % after the inclusion of network patterns. We conclude that the socio-organisational embeddedness of occupations is an overlooked structuring force behind work-life mobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consequences of expanded vocationally oriented programs for gender segregation and inequality: The case of Japanese higher education","authors":"Fumiya Uchikoshi ,&nbsp;Kohei Toyonaga ,&nbsp;Erika Teramoto","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we integrate two bodies of literature on higher education—horizontal stratification and gender segregation—to generate new insights into the consequences of the increase in vocationally oriented programs for gender segregation and inequality. We specifically examine the case of Japan, where college expansion and women’s increasing enrollment in four-year universities have been driven by the proliferation of nonselective private sectors. Two sets of analyses using administrative and survey data reveal the following findings. First, the relative increase in female enrollments in private institutions is driven by the growth of vocationally oriented programs, which typically offer publicly certified licenses for female-dominant occupations. If there was no such increase, then gender segregation in terms of fields of study would have decreased more than observed. Second, we find that those from low socioeconomic background are more likely to be enrolled in vocational fields such as nursing, education and home economics. These results suggest that women’s increased college attendance in Japan contributes to the growth of <em>double gender segregation</em> in terms of fields of study and institutional selectivity by incorporating less privileged women into these sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of tracking in a stratified education system on idealistic educational aspirations in migrant and native families","authors":"Andrés Gomensoro ,&nbsp;Marieke Heers ,&nbsp;Chantal Kamm ,&nbsp;Sandra Hupka-Brunner","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we analyse the extent to which educational tracking impacts idealistic educational aspirations in Switzerland and how different second generation groups by countries of origin differ from Swiss natives in this respect. In fact, research has repeatedly confirmed that students with a migration background aspire more for general education, specifically for university degrees. However, little is known within strong tracking educational systems, such as Switzerland. Using AES2016-data, we find that when parental educational aspirations are controlled for and when we account for constraints due to tracking, children of immigrants have higher idealistic educational aspirations than their native counterparts. This points towards some immigrant optimism. Track attendance has a different impact on the aspirations of different groups but does not inhibit high aspirations even when these seem unattainable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global value chains and racial inequality in the US labor market, 1979–2017","authors":"Manjing Gao ,&nbsp;Matthew C. Mahutga ,&nbsp;Ronald Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine how global value chains (GVCs) impact “between” and “within-race” US labor market inequalities. GVCs change the returns to occupations and human capital categories (economic effects), as well as the share of the population within these categories (compositional effects). US racism should interact with GVCs to produce racially disparate GVC effects. We employ variance function regression to examine between and within-race inequality simultaneously, and innovate on classical decompositions to quantify how much of the change in each can be attributed to racially disparate effects of GVCs. GVCs increase inequality within <em>and</em> between races. These effects are largest <em>within races</em>, where almost no racial differences are observed. <em>Between races</em>, racially disparate GVC effects were often inconsistent with contemporary theories of US racial inequality. Economic effects were always most beneficial for Asian Americans, and frequently more beneficial for African Americans and Latino/a workers than for Whites. Compositional effects were nearly always most beneficial for Asian Americans, and reduced between-race inequality in aggregate. Overall, then, GVCs increased between-race inequality because large occupational and skill income gaps persisted between races, because Asian American gains are net inequality increasing, and because absolute and/or relative (to White) gains by African American and Latino/a workers in some categories were too small to offset the absolute and/or relative gains of Asian Americans and Whites in others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 101023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work-schedule instability and workers’ health and well-being across different socioeconomic strata in China","authors":"Ya Guo ,&nbsp;Wanying Ling ,&nbsp;Wen Fan ,&nbsp;Senhu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.101008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.101008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although there is a growing body of literature on the detrimental health effects of work-schedule instability in high-income countries (e.g., the U.S.), most studies have predominantly focused on low socioeconomic status (SES) groups, overlooking the variations in the health effects of schedule instability across different socioeconomic strata. We argue that China provides a unique and critical context for examining work-schedule instability due to its inadequate labor protections, extensive use of digital technology in the workplace, and a prevalent norm of overwork. Using the China General Social Survey 2021 and employing a more comprehensive measure of work-schedule instability, this study investigates (1) the associations between work-schedule instability and workers’ health and well-being, (2) the mediating mechanisms through a work intensification process and the work-family interface, and (3) how the associations vary across SES groups. The findings suggest that work-schedule instability is associated with worse job satisfaction and self-rated health. Higher work-family conflict and work pressure mediate around half of the association between schedule instability and job satisfaction. Additionally, the negative effects of schedule instability are significant across both low and high SES groups. This study contributes to the burgeoning literature on the adverse effects of schedule instability by underscoring its widespread impact across different socioeconomic strata.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic conflict and workplace inequality: Hiring Arabs during conflict escalation in Israel, 1997–2015","authors":"Dustin Avent-Holt ,&nbsp;Tali Kristal ,&nbsp;Ludmila Garmash","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2025.101021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We use the case of Israel to analyze the relationship between ethnonationalist conflict and workplace inequalities, arguing that escalation of ethnic conflict in the political environment induces social closure behaviors within organizations geographically more proximate to the conflict. Combining data from Israeli population registers and the Global Terrorism Database we find that an increase in conflict, measured by non-state political violence occurring within the state of Israel, leads to a decrease in the likelihood of nearby organizations hiring Arab men and women. Importantly, these effects are typically stronger for women and are diminished in organizations that either depend on Arab labor or have a higher density of Arab workers at the top of the organization. Demonstrating that deepening ethnonationalist political conflicts shape workplace inequalities, this paper extends both the theory of racialized organizations and Relational Inequality Theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 101021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental involvement in elementary schools and children’s academic achievement: A longitudinal analysis across educational groups in Finland","authors":"Satu Koivuhovi ,&nbsp;Elina Kilpi-Jakonen ,&nbsp;Jani Erola ,&nbsp;Mari-Pauliina Vainikainen","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many educational initiatives emphasize parental involvement as a strategy to reduce socioeconomic achievement gaps in schools and enhance students' educational attainment. Despite extensive research, findings on the relationship between parental involvement and children’s academic achievement remain inconsistent. This study uses longitudinal data (N = 2887) from Finland, a country with strong emphasis on equal educational opportunities, to examine the development of parental involvement and relationships between parental involvement and children’s achievement during elementary school years. Specifically, the research focuses on three primary objectives: analyzing changes in parental involvement over time, assessing its relationship with academic outcomes, and exploring variations in its relationship across different educational groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>indicated that parental involvement generally decreases, as children grow older. While parental involvement was related to both GPA and reading comprehension when assessed separately, only the relationship with GPA remained significant in a combined model. Our findings indicate an overlap between the examined outcome variables but they also suggest a potential teacher-bias effect in grading influenced by parental involvement, Therefore, our findings suggest that the impact of parental involvement on achievement might be more about how teachers perceive and evaluate students rather than a direct effect on academic performance. Additionally, although parental involvement varied with socioeconomic status (SES), with higher levels observed among more educated mothers, its association with educational outcomes was relatively uniform across all groups but slightly stronger and statistically significant among middle educational groups. Therefore, our findings challenges the assumption that increasing parental involvement could effectively equalize socioeconomic differences in educational performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}