Research in Social Stratification and Mobility最新文献_第10页

Later and less? New evidence on occupational maturity for Swedish women and men 更晚和更少？瑞典男女职业成熟度的新证据

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100884

Erik Bihagen , Roujman Shahbazian , Sara Kjellsson

{"title":"Later and less? New evidence on occupational maturity for Swedish women and men","authors":"Erik Bihagen , Roujman Shahbazian , Sara Kjellsson","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A common assumption in the social stratification literature is that the lion’s share of people reaches occupational maturity quite early in working life, i.e., they end up in an occupation/class position and stay there. The conventional view is that career maturity is reached around the age of 35. By using Swedish longitudinal occupational biographies across six birth cohorts from 1925 to 1984, this study challenges this view. Our findings reveal substantial career transitions throughout working life, an increase across cohorts, and a wide variation in the age of the last class transition. This suggests that careers are not in general static positions from a certain age, but fluctuate over time. There are signs of a general slowing down of career transitions across working lives, but this comes later in life and to a smaller extent than expected. These findings suggest that research often based on cross sectional data, e.g. studies on intergenerational mobility and class differences in health, need to incorporate career mobility data. More research is needed to illuminate if the results of Sweden, in terms of a low and decreasing level of occupational maturity can be replicated in other countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100884"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001282/pdfft?md5=e072def13837429ad7adc6088d915b20&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001282-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139412966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Family income volatility among Chinese children, 2010–2018 2010-2018 年中国儿童的家庭收入波动情况

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100883

Jiashu Xu , Airan Liu

{"title":"Family income volatility among Chinese children, 2010–2018","authors":"Jiashu Xu , Airan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A stable economic environment in a family lays the foundation for children’s healthy development, and income volatility is a key indicator of family economic (in)stability. Using longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study investigates exposure to family income volatility and its social determinants for Chinese children during the period 2010–2018. The results show that Chinese children experienced high levels of family income volatility during 2010–2018, and childhood exposure to income volatility in China is closely related to both family socioeconomic characteristics and structural factors. Specifically, children from low-income families, with less-educated and non-state-sector-employed parents, and holding a rural <em>hukou</em> (household registration) are more likely to experience childhood economic instability. Given that children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families already face challenges associated with constrained socioeconomic resources, the fact that they are also more likely to live in a precarious economic environment may put them at a double disadvantage in early life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001270/pdfft?md5=c2d55d22e5bc709dda48c08e8afd7d60&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001270-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Where do opportunity beliefs come from? Implications of intergenerational social mobility for beliefs about the distribution system in China 机会信念从何而来？代际社会流动对中国分配制度信念的影响

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100888

Peng Wang , Francisco Olivos

{"title":"Where do opportunity beliefs come from? Implications of intergenerational social mobility for beliefs about the distribution system in China","authors":"Peng Wang , Francisco Olivos","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People’s understanding of the drivers of inequality is a function of their position in the social structure. Nevertheless, the ways in which intergenerational social mobility is associated with opportunity beliefs remain under researched. Recent findings in cultural sociology suggest that individuals seldom update their beliefs, and that settled dispositions lead people to reproduce their beliefs in their adulthood. This study used a probabilistic and representative survey of Chinese citizens to explore how intergenerational social mobility relates to opportunity beliefs. China presents an interesting context to explore this question, since Chinese society is considered to be highly unequal yet highly tolerant of social inequalities. Our results indicate a U-shaped relationship between social class and opportunity beliefs. The upper class and farmers exhibit stronger meritocratic beliefs than middle-classes. Moreover, upwardly and downwardly mobile individuals show greater weights for origin and destination, respectively. Thus, opportunity beliefs are explained by the social class where they rank lower. These findings suggest that when beliefs are updated through social mobility, they interact with the mobility trajectory. In addition, the stronger meritocratic beliefs of the farmers’ class and the greater weight of social origin for upwardly mobile individuals could help explain the dormant social volcano in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562424000015/pdfft?md5=0c1c6242008e0bc74dd535a910ea0d8a&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562424000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Racial and ethnic variation in the relationship between parental educational similarity and infant health 父母教育相似性与婴儿健康关系中的种族和民族差异

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100887

David Enrique Rangel , Emily Rauscher

{"title":"Racial and ethnic variation in the relationship between parental educational similarity and infant health","authors":"David Enrique Rangel , Emily Rauscher","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evidence suggests benefits of parental educational homogamy for infant and child well-being but ignores potential racial and ethnic variation in these benefits. Increasing disparities in infant health by maternal education and race, along with increasing educational sorting, raise questions about whether educational homogamy could contribute to these disparities. Drawing on a random sample of over 4 million live births in NVSS data from 2011 to 2020 and ordinary least squares regression, this study examines the relationship between infant health, parental educational similarity, and race and ethnicity. Our findings indicate a weak overall relationship between educational sorting and infant health at birth, with significant variation by race and ethnicity. In addition, absolute education levels and marital status more strongly predict infant health than educational assortative mating. Sensitivity analyses confirm the robustness of these findings across different modeling approaches and sample sizes. Our results indicate that parental educational sorting is only weakly related to infant health and cannot explain widening infant health gaps by race.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001312/pdfft?md5=03580b6a6a1bad11f5887e2304eed01a&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001312-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139373248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cohort change in the educational gradient in women’s employment around childbirth in Japan 日本妇女生育前后就业教育梯度的队列变化

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100885

Ryota Mugiyama

{"title":"Cohort change in the educational gradient in women’s employment around childbirth in Japan","authors":"Ryota Mugiyama","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In contrast to many high-income countries, there is no clear positive relationship between maternal education and employment in Japan. However, recent policy, normative, and labor market changes are expected to have encouraged highly educated women to continue working, especially in regular employment, resulting in an increasing positive educational gradient. Despite this expectation, little is known about the changes in the educational gradient in recent cohorts. This paper examines the changes in the educational gradient in women’s employment around their first and second births using nationally representative panel survey data of women born in the 1960–1989 cohorts in Japan. The results show a significant increase in the positive educational gradient in employment rates around the first and second births in the 1980s cohort. Highly educated women are more likely to be in regular employment and less likely to leave employment, which contributes to their higher employment continuity. Conversely, the employment rates of women with lower levels of education have not increased to the same extent across the cohorts, and they have become more likely to be in nonstandard employment. These findings suggest that the weak relationship between maternal education and employment is changing in Japan, which may contribute to greater inequality in the labor market, household, and offspring outcomes in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100885"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001294/pdfft?md5=1f0b85cd9cc0a2e7e795ee8c83d7e078&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001294-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139373497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aging and the rise in bottom income inequality in Korea 老龄化与韩国底层收入不平等的加剧

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100882

ChangHwan Kim , Andrew Taeho Kim

{"title":"Aging and the rise in bottom income inequality in Korea","authors":"ChangHwan Kim , Andrew Taeho Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Korea is one of the world’s fastest-aging societies, with poverty and low income prevalent among the elderly population. Unlike other advanced economies, where top income inequality has driven the rise in income inequality, fluctuations in income inequality in Korea in recent decades have been dominated by changes in the bottom half of the income distribution. Using data from the 1998–2016 Household Income and Expenditure Survey and the 2012–2019 Survey of Household Finances and Living Conditions, this study explores the extent to which population aging is associated with changes in the top (P90P50) and bottom (P50P10) income inequalities by applying recentered influence function decomposition technique. Our results indicate that population aging, or the compositional change in age distribution, is the largest contributor to the rise in bottom income inequality during the 21st century. Other factors, including the composition and rate effects of education, rate effect of age, and structural changes in labor markets, account for, at most, a small portion of the changes. The implications of these findings are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100882"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001269/pdfft?md5=11cc3bd18d849bcb8d60ca0756424f51&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001269-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139063004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of state-managed marketplaces on out-of-pocket health care costs: Before and after the Affordable Care Act 州管理市场对自付医疗费用的影响：平价医疗法案》出台前后

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100881

Zachary D. Kline

{"title":"The effects of state-managed marketplaces on out-of-pocket health care costs: Before and after the Affordable Care Act","authors":"Zachary D. Kline","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The healthcare marketplaces established by the Affordable Care Act (ACA) are intended to make healthcare more affordable and accessible for middle- and moderate-income families. However, state governments regulate many aspects of the insurance markets. This study examines how state-managed insurance marketplaces affect the ACA’s impact on out-of-pocket healthcare spending across different income groups. A difference-in-difference model is used on the Panel Study of Income Dynamics data in conjunction with data from the Kaiser Family Foundation and Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services. While expenses for middle and upper-income families across the country continue to rise, findings reveal that many ACA-eligible, moderate-income families experience relatively lower costs. State-managed marketplaces pronounce this constraining effect, especially for moderate-income families with incomes between 200% and 300% of the poverty line. The stratification-inspired approach furthermore provides insight to policymakers and judgment and decision-making scientists interested in how best to implement equitable choice-based programs among stratified communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100881"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001257/pdfft?md5=e68a6321e63f5e77f87ac7e0c644619f&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001257-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139028961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Better close to home? Geographical and socioeconomic constraints on gendered educational transitions at the upper secondary level 离家近更好？高中阶段性别教育过渡的地理和社会经济制约因素

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100879

Irene Prix , Outi Sirniö , Juhani Saari

{"title":"Better close to home? Geographical and socioeconomic constraints on gendered educational transitions at the upper secondary level","authors":"Irene Prix , Outi Sirniö , Juhani Saari","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Educational decisions are affected by geographical accessibility, which may have far-reaching consequences for young people’s future educational pathways. In this paper, we examine the extent to which geographical distance to educational institutions may moderate young people’s applications to upper secondary education in terms of both the track and the gender-(a)typicality of vocational fields of study they apply to. Our study relies on rich register-based data of complete cohorts of 16-year-olds applying to Finnish upper secondary institutions, linked with geographical information on their closest educational alternatives. We find that travel time to the academic track is more decisive than the distance to vocational schools, with geographical accessibility being more significant for boys’ rather than for girls’ application patterns. Moreover, distance sensitivity varied by social origin, with daughters of low-educated parents and sons of medium-educated parents particularly likely to adjust their upper secondary application to the geographical accessibility of educational alternatives. However, we find some indications that particularly girls from lower-educated social backgrounds are more prepared to consider fields of study not typical for their gender if they are more geographically accessible than key alternatives. No such gender-atypical substitutions were evident among boys. We discuss the implications of these findings in the context of explanatory approaches based on risk aversion and (gender) socialization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100879"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001233/pdfft?md5=9b10064d79209f998312a6b62e3fa555&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001233-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138826954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Native American “deaths of despair” and economic conditions 美国原住民的 "绝望之死 "与经济状况

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100880

Randall Akee , Donn. L. Feir , Marina Mileo Gorzig , Samuel Myers Jr

{"title":"Native American “deaths of despair” and economic conditions","authors":"Randall Akee , Donn. L. Feir , Marina Mileo Gorzig , Samuel Myers Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>“Deaths of despair” – deaths caused by suicide, drug use, and alcohol use – have increased among non-Hispanic whites who do not have a college degree. We analyze confidential-use data from the National Center for Health Statistics that contains death certificates from 2005 to 2017 (total of 21,177,490 records) linked with measures of local labor market activity. We show that deaths of despair are proportionally larger among Native Americans than non-Hispanic white Americans and that economic conditions have a different relationship with deaths of despair among Native Americans than for non-Hispanic white Americans. Improvements in economic conditions are associated with decreased deaths from drug use, alcohol use, and suicide for non-Hispanic white Americans. On the other hand, in counties with higher labor force participation rates, lower unemployment, and higher ratios of employees to residents, there are significantly higher proportions of Native American deaths attributed to alcohol and drug use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562423001245/pdfft?md5=01789f4d7516dab75630a76b621bfd20&pid=1-s2.0-S0276562423001245-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138689206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the educational disparities between Han and Muslim Chinese: The roles of gender, ethnic salience, and residential concentration 了解汉族和穆斯林中国人之间的教育差异：性别、种族显著性和居住集中度的作用

IF 5 1区社会学

Research in Social Stratification and Mobility Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100874

Zheng Mu

{"title":"Understanding the educational disparities between Han and Muslim Chinese: The roles of gender, ethnic salience, and residential concentration","authors":"Zheng Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rssm.2023.100874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study, using a 10% sample from China’s 1% inter-census population surveys for 2015, examines patterns of educational disparities between Han and Muslim Chinese. I use enrollment rates among children aged 6–15 and completion of junior high school among children aged 16–19 to capture access to education, and completed years of schooling and completion of tertiary education among adults aged 25–55 to measure educational attainment. To reflect the interplays between individual and contextual factors in shaping ethnic variations in education, I explore the moderation effects of gender, Islamic heritage, and residential concentration. Findings show that Muslim girls are not necessarily subject to double disadvantages in education. The only negative interactions between gender and ethnicity are among inland Muslims in inland northwestern China. Islamic heritage and region also lead to varied patterns. Compared to the Han majority, Muslims have unfavorable educational outcomes in northwestern China and comparable educational outcomes in non-northwestern China. This study highlights the importance of understanding China’s educational stratification mechanisms drawing on the interplays between socioeconomic and ideational contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47384,"journal":{"name":"Research in Social Stratification and Mobility","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 100874"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027656242300118X/pdfft?md5=99addea6b667bee7d0beb9a9f2389f5f&pid=1-s2.0-S027656242300118X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139017154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0