{"title":"Repurposing Mises: Murray Rothbard and the Birth of Anarchocapitalism","authors":"Jacob Jensen","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines how Murray Rothbard, though he claimed to follow Ludwig von Mises very closely, ended up making a number of radical leaps that Mises never did. It argues that Rothbard constructed anarchocapitalism by repurposing Mises's economic theory. First, whereas Mises responded to interwar socialism, Rothbard redeployed his mentor's economics in response to the militarism of the right-wing. Second, whereas Mises defended the market as a consumers' democracy against ideas about economic democracy, Rothbard developed an anti-democratic view of the market in response to the egalitarianism of the counterculture. These differences in context account for the distinctiveness of anarchocapitalism.","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 1","pages":"315 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43181700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Politics of Rationality in Early Neoliberalism: Max Weber, Ludwig von Mises, and the Socialist Calculation Debate","authors":"William Callison","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Initiated by Mises and popularized by Hayek, the socialist calculation debate staked a political position on a methodological axiom: the \"irrationality\" of state planning. This article argues that Weber's typology of \"formal\" vs. \"substantive\" rationality at once drew from Austrian School marginalism and helped frame Mises and Hayek's critiques in the calculation debate. In turn, this debate shaped an anti-socialist front among the early neoliberals before their vaunted gatherings in Paris and Mont Pèlerin. Through social scientific interventions, early neoliberalism split economics (qua market rationality) from politics (qua social justice) so as to place the latter beyond the epistemological pale.","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 1","pages":"269 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47178014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Liberality as a Fiscal Problem in Medieval and Renaissance Thought: A Genealogy from Aristotle's Tyrant to Machiavelli's Prince.","authors":"Giorgio Lizzul","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the legacy of Aristotle's advice for the preservation of tyrannies found in Politics Book 5, Chapter 11 on the formation of medieval and Renaissance fiscal literature. The tyrant's economic techniques for preserving his regime established commonplaces of fiscal governance in the medieval commentary and mirrors-for-princes tradition. Authors' engagement with the legacy of this passage led to controversial treatments of a ruler's disposition toward the moral virtue of liberality. Machiavelli's intervention over the danger of liberality to the fiscal governance of the state needs to be placed in this longer context.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 3","pages":"363-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40492057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Status Politics to the Paranoid Style: Richard Hofstadter and the Pitfalls of Psychologizing History.","authors":"Andrew McKenzie-McHarg","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The decade extending from the mid-1950s to the mid-1960s in the career of the American historian Richard Hofstadter (1916-70) was marked by a series of engagements with American right-wing politics. This article seeks to re-evaluate the evolution of Hofstadter's thinking over this decade, in part by drawing upon the recently discovered transcript of a BBC radio lecture that Hofstadter recorded in 1959 and that represents the first occasion on which he developed the notion of a \"paranoid style\" as a pattern of thought and action recurring through American political history.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 3","pages":"451-475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40492061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Many Lives of René Descartes.","authors":"Steven Nadler","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A review essay of recent biographies of Descartes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 3","pages":"501-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40492063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protestant Intellectual Culture and Political Ideas in the Scottish Universities, ca. 1600-50.","authors":"Karie Schultz","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the teaching of political ideas at the Scottish universities between 1600 and 1650. It demonstrates that regents did not direct their students toward one consistent Reformed view of political participation as a divinely mandated duty to control sin and advance the true religion, a position frequently advanced in contemporary printed works. Instead, university education provided students with a cross-confessional intellectual framework that emphasized both Augustinian and Aristotelian elements of early modern political thought. These differences would become essential for the languages of political legitimacy advanced by Scottish Reformed intellectuals during the wars of the 1640s.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 1","pages":"41-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39937785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Farewell to <i>The German Ideology</i>.","authors":"Sarah Johnson","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It would be difficult to overstate the significance of the long-awaited MEGA2 I/5, which contains the manuscripts that Marx and Engels wrote for their failed journal project of 1845/46. This essay considers what it will mean to study Marx's ideas and intellectual development in the wake of its publication. The volume offers an uncommon opportunity to develop new ways of reading and teaching these manuscripts, and thus of understanding the corresponding period in Marx's intellectual development, but certain features of the MEGA2 I/5 also risk another outcome: little will change due to deeply ingrained habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 1","pages":"143-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39937789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A \"Revolution\" in Political Thought: Translations of Polybius Book 6 and the Conceptual History of Revolution.","authors":"Dan Edelstein","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0001","DOIUrl":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How did \"revolution\" obtain its particular meanings in political thought? This article examines the role played by translations of Polybius's Histories (Book 6), where \"revolution\" was the near-unanimous choice for rendering \"anacyclosis.\" It further claims \"revolution\" displaced the earlier Aristotelian vocabulary of political change (in translations, \"mutation\" and \"sedition\"). Finally, it argues that recognizing the Polybian source of much \"revolutionary\" language in the early modern period fills in an important chapter in the conceptual history of revolution. For Polybians, revolution was a problem to be solved by a mixed government. Only in the eighteenth century would revolution become a solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 1","pages":"17-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39937784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"I am aware that this letter may be offensive\": The Unapologetic Achievements of Ruth Barcan Marcus and Marjorie Glicksman Grene.","authors":"Jonathan Strassfeld","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents a case study in the complex of pressures and attitudes that shaped the professional lives and intellectual legacies of twentieth-century American philosophers, examining the writings and careers of two of the discipline's pioneering women: Ruth Barcan Marcus and Marjorie Glicksman Grene. As members of the small cohort of women trained in philosophy during the first half of the century who achieved permanent academic appointments, their stories illuminate the salience of gender within the professional world of mid-twentieth century American academia.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 4","pages":"579-600"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Neapolitan Enlightenment and the Conceptual Challenges of Antislavery Legislation in Colombia.","authors":"Edgardo Pérez Morales","doi":"10.1353/jhi.2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jhi.2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article studies the connected history of the Neapolitan Enlightenment, Spanish American colonial culture, and republican antislavery. Rather than adopting novel abolitionist paradigms wholesale, Colombia's antislavery legislators resorted to old ideas and convictions. Antislavery legal formulations did not diverge from Spanish culture, adapting long-existing Mediterranean notions instead. Legislators turned to the figure of the Christian captive as the spiritual equivalent of the African slave, making legible, and possible, republican manumission as an act of pious redemption. Under pressure from slave claimants, Colombian antislavery legislators passed a gradual manumission law in 1814, selectively applying Gaetano Filangieri's celebrated Science of legislation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47274,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF IDEAS","volume":"83 3","pages":"431-450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40492060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}