Counselling & Psychotherapy Research最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Secondary Trauma, Compassion Fatigue and Burnout Among Trauma Therapists in Spain","authors":"Judith Velasco,&nbsp;Francisco J. Sanmartín,&nbsp;Fátima Cuadrado,&nbsp;Juan A. Moriana","doi":"10.1002/capr.12901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12901","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trauma therapists are at risk of developing secondary trauma (ST), compassion fatigue (CF) and burnout from exposure to clients' traumatic narratives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, risk and protective factors of these conditions among Spanish trauma therapists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 358 Spanish trauma therapists (87% females, M_age = 43.6) completed self-reported measures of ST, CF and burnout and sociodemographic/occupational information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Secondary trauma, CF and burnout levels were mild overall. However, 27% of the sample presented symptoms compatible with a PTSD diagnosis. Most of the sample showed emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. However, over 90% reported personal accomplishment and compassion satisfaction that mitigated the negative effects of occupational stressors. Age, years of experience and having children were associated with higher levels of burnout and ST. However, occupational factors, such as type of trauma and the age of the consultant, did not correlate with ST, CF nor burnout.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Working with trauma survivors impacts professionals' well-being and, ultimately, can affect the quality of their services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Self-Esteem: Evaluating the Effects of a Self-Affirmation Intervention Among Indian Adults With Subclinical Depression","authors":"Gyanesh Kumar Tiwari,&nbsp;Archna Choudhary,&nbsp;Archana Singh,&nbsp;Anurag Shukla,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Macorya,&nbsp;Ashutosh Pandey,&nbsp;Ajit Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1002/capr.12892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12892","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous research reports self-affirmation interventions to be efficacious in enhancing many life outcomes of normal individuals, but limited research has assessed its restorative and preserving capacities to enhance and maintain the self-esteem of individuals with subclinical depressive tendencies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employed an experimental research design. Eighty participants (age range = 22–27 years) with subclinical depression were chosen using purposive sampling and were randomly assigned in equal numbers to the experimental and control conditions and their self-esteem was measured at pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up intervals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed that the experimental group participants evoked significantly higher mean scores (<i>F</i>(1, 76) = 29.20, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>η</i>² = 0.28) on self-esteem as compared to the control group at post-intervention (Control: Mean (<i>SD</i>) = 17.48 (2.73); Experimental: Mean (<i>SD</i>) = 51.43 (3.29)) and follow-up (Control: Mean (<i>SD</i>) = 18.28 (2.72); Experimental: Mean (<i>SD</i>) = 48.65 (3.74)). There was a significant difference in the mean scores of the self-esteem of the experimental group participants during post-intervention and follow-up (<i>F</i>(2, 152) = 6.50, <i>p</i> = 0.002, <i>η</i>² = 0.08). These findings were evident in the conditions' (experimental, control) and intervals' (pre-intervention, post-intervention, follow-up) main and interaction effects: <i>F</i>(2, 152) = 6.54, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.002, <i>η</i>² = 0.08; and <i>F</i>(2, 152) = 3.87, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.023, <i>η</i>² = 0.05. The size of these effects ranged from very low, low, to medium (<i>η</i>²).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings revealed the restorative and preserving capacities of this self-affirmation intervention for self-esteem. The positive outcomes of the self-affirmation intervention may have been produced as result of the activation of meaning, positive cognitions and positive relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Open Trial and Mixed Methods Evaluation of Affirmative Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) Skills Training for Malaysian LGBT Adults","authors":"Shian-Ling Keng,&nbsp;Andrian Liem,&nbsp;Rachel Sing-Kiat Ting,&nbsp;Ker Rou Chung,&nbsp;Yuhang Toh,&nbsp;Shaleen Chrisanne,&nbsp;Man Kuan Wong,&nbsp;T. H. Stanley Seah","doi":"10.1002/capr.12899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12899","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals are at greater risk of mental health problems relative to cisgender heterosexual people. While various evidence-based interventions exist to address the mental health needs of LGBT individuals, there is an urgent need to adapt these interventions to address stressors unique to the LGBT individual in the Global South, where LGBT identity remains highly stigmatised. This study developed and evaluated a six-session affirmative dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) skills group to address depressive symptoms in a sample of Malaysian LGBT adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen LGBT adults (<i>M</i>_age = 26.9 years) with mild-to-severe levels of depressive symptoms were recruited from the community. Participants attended a DBT skills group for 6 weeks (2.5-h/session). They completed self-report measures on psychological symptoms, well-being and minority stress at pre- and post-intervention and a focus group discussion regarding their experience with the DBT skills group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant decreases in depressive symptoms, stress, borderline personality disorder symptoms, emotion dysregulation and distress due to heterosexist experiences were observed from pre- to post-intervention. There were also significant increases in self-compassion and subjective well-being. The number of DBT skills sessions attended was significantly associated with reductions in emotion dysregulation, internalised homophobia and distress due to heterosexist experiences. Thematic analyses of qualitative feedback revealed several helpful and challenging aspects of participating in the DBT skills group (e.g., time commitment, online format, and relevance and applicability of treatment content).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found that an LGBT-affirmative DBT skills group is feasible and acceptable among Malaysian LGBT adults and shows promise in improving psychological health. These findings have implications for the adaptation of DBT skills training for marginalised populations in diverse, low-resource contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.12899","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Impacting Foreign Language Anxiety Among Counsellor Trainees: A Phenomenological Study Within the Willingness to Communicate Framework","authors":"Yiying Xiong,&nbsp;Shuqi Liu,&nbsp;Hsin-Ya Tang,&nbsp;Jiaqi Feng,&nbsp;Chengyang Yang","doi":"10.1002/capr.12898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12898","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Training English as an Additional Language (EAL) counsellor trainees is crucial to fostering a counselling workforce capable of serving diverse populations. However, Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) poses a significant barrier to their professional development, impacting their communication skills and confidence. This study explored the factors impacting EAL counsellor trainees' FLA by using the Willingness to Communicate (WTC) model as a framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through a phenomenological approach, interviews with 20 EAL trainees revealed various factors. The factors were organised into four components of the WTC model: situated antecedents, motivational propensities, affective-cognitive context, and social and individual context.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings highlighted the complex interplay between situational and personal factors shaping FLA and call for counsellor education programmes to develop holistic strategies that reduce FLA, thus enhancing EAL trainees' communication confidence and readiness for professional practices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conducting a Co-Operative Inquiry in the Field of Counselling: Critical Reflections and Learnings From a ‘First-Time’ Inquirer","authors":"Amanda McGarry","doi":"10.1002/capr.12896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12896","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co-operative inquiry, a form of participatory action research, has been utilised as a method within the counselling field for some time, and whilst reflections have been shared about the use of this outside of the field, little commentary has been offered from within it. This paper outlines critical reflections and learnings from conducting a co-operative inquiry as a ‘first time inquirer’ to provide insight for other ‘first timers’, and those conducting this method within the counselling field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine co-researchers met on 11 occasions from March to October 2022, exploring various aspects in relation to the research topic. Thoughts and experiences were communicated in a variety of ways, through poetry, storytelling, and journaling. The researcher kept a reflexive journal throughout the co-operative inquiry process, noting the importance of this process to participatory research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings and Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The reflections highlighted are based around key areas of the inquiry, such as how the group set off, the nature of meetings, and how the data analysis process was managed. Various points of discussion are highlighted such as the use of a working agreement, power dynamics, and the impact of the day job. In addition, this paper outlines a pragmatic approach to co-operative inquiry suitable for doctoral level research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.12896","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clients' Preferences for Their Therapists' Relational Styles in Psychotherapy: A Consensual Qualitative Research Study","authors":"Gina Di Malta,&nbsp;Mick Cooper,&nbsp;Hanne Oddli,&nbsp;Joshua K. Swift,&nbsp;Sarah Knox","doi":"10.1002/capr.12887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12887","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accommodating clients' preferences is a cornerstone of evidence-based practice. However, little is known of clients' preferences for their therapists' relational styles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a secondary analysis focused on identifying clients' preferences for their therapists' relational styles, using original data from Cooper et al.'s (2023) consensual qualitative research (CQR) study. Initial data collection involved conducting semi-structured interviews with a cohort of 13 clients who had completed up to 24 sessions of pluralistic psychotherapy. Of these participants, 10 identified as female and three identified as male.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four themes and six sub-themes emerged: (1) Clients preferred their therapist to be active/not passively disengaged and to provide input, challenge and guidance (<i>n</i> = 10); (2) Clients preferred their therapist to display relatedness, warmth and validation (<i>n</i> = 8); (3) Clients preferred some flexibility, attunement and for their therapist to adapt the therapy to their unique needs (<i>n</i> = 5); (4) Clients preferred to be listened to, having a space to talk and to explore (<i>n</i> = 4).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications for Practice</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The themes offer insights that can serve as a foundational framework for future research and contribute to the development of training programmes tailored to enhance counselling psychologists' preference work and relational styles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.12887","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using mixed methods in feasibility studies: The example of brief transactional analysis psychotherapy for depression","authors":"Joel Vos,&nbsp;Biljana van Rijn","doi":"10.1002/capr.12871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12871","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few guidelines exist on how to conduct Phase 1 feasibility studies in psychological therapies. It may be theoretically argued that small-size feasibility studies are best studied with mixed methods. The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of using mixed methods in feasibility studies. The secondary aim was to systematically explore the feasibility of a 16-session treatment manual in transactional analysis psychotherapy (TAP) for depression developed in a prior Phase 0 study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine clients received therapy from three therapists, and sample characteristics were described using flowcharts and sociodemographic statistics. Interviews were conducted with clients and therapists to explore subjective experiences of changes and processes in therapy. Psychometric instruments measured the impact on mental health, quality of life and TAP-specific outcomes. Therapist learning effects were examined through self-reported TAP-specific competencies. The analyses included reflexive thematic analysis, descriptive statistics, <i>t</i>-tests and repeated measures ANOVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicated that the clients experienced important changes, such as self-insight, better coping strategies, self-confidence and boundaries, mainly attributed to TAP and facilitated by helpful factors in TAP. Significant differences were reported in outcome measures, and analyses indicated increased competency in TAP-specific skills. No negative side effects were mentioned.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides evidence for the feasibility of TAP for depression and the feasibility of using mixed methods in feasibility studies. Future researchers may want to use similar comprehensive mixed methods designs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relational Processes in Videoconference and In-Person Psychotherapy When Wearing Face Masks: A Cross-Cultural Study","authors":"Vânia Silva,&nbsp;Eugénia Ribeiro","doi":"10.1002/capr.12884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12884","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prompted by concerns about the quality of the therapeutic relationship due to the impact of COVID-19's protective measures on communication, we aimed to understand how therapists and clients from different cultural backgrounds perceive the impact of videoconference (VT) and in-person psychotherapy with face masks (IPTFM) on the relational processes in psychotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sample of 139 therapists and 71 clients participated in an online survey. We conducted an exploratory analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics to examine therapists' and clients' ratings of session quality, therapeutic relationship, communication and expression/perception of emotions in VT and IPTFM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Therapists and clients generally rated the communication, real relationship and working alliance in IPTFM and VT as good. However, when asked to compare IPTFM and VT with regular in-person therapy, therapists and clients recognised some differences, especially regarding session quality, communication and emotional expression or perception. There were also differences between therapists and clients in terms of working alliance in IPTFM and post-session mood in VT. The way therapists and clients perceived the quality of the relational processes in IPTFM and VT also differed based on some cultural aspects (e.g. age, disability, religion, ethnic identity and gender).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of the study emphasise the need for therapists to develop cultural competence by becoming aware of their own personal characteristics and inner processes (e.g. expectations, values and beliefs) and exploring clients' expectations of the therapeutic process based on their cultural identity while tailoring therapeutic approaches to the distinct relational and environmental dynamics of VT and IPTFM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Revealing Therapy's Traces” After Termination: A Qualitative Change and Follow-Up Study","authors":"Nicole Arias,&nbsp;Rocío Cerda,&nbsp;Javier Rizo,&nbsp;Michele Dufey","doi":"10.1002/capr.12891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12891","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In psychotherapy research, clients' therapeutic change has been mainly addressed through quantitative studies centered on symptom reduction, leaving aside their perceptions about how this process occurs. However, clients' perspectives are crucial to clarify how therapy works and how change takes place.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to understand clients' change experiences after receiving brief, focusing-oriented psychotherapy at termination and at follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative approach was implemented using a phenomenological paradigm and grounded theory analysis. Participants were eight women between 18 and 44 years of age who had engaged in therapy for up to eight sessions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted after termination and at follow-ups between 8 and 12 months later.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed a central phenomenon of changes developing over time named “Revealing therapy's traces after termination”, involving a sequence of changes in different areas, such as the self, interpersonal relationships, connection with the body, regulation of emotions, and new understandings of the issues that motivated participants to engage in therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that this brief form of psychotherapy has the potential to positively contribute to clients' long-term mental health, which deserves further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Role of Nonverbal Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Camilla Gregorini,&nbsp;Pietro De Carli,&nbsp;Laura Antonia Lucia Parolin,&nbsp;Wolfgang Tschacher,&nbsp;Emanuele Preti","doi":"10.1002/capr.12885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12885","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interpersonal synchrony entails the coordination of verbal and nonverbal features underlying communicative patterns. However, the strength of the association between the synchronisation of nonverbal features (movements and vocal tones) and therapeutic alliance and outcome remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the strength of (1) the association between nonverbal synchrony and perception of alliance reported by the patients, (2) the association between nonverbal synchrony and therapeutic outcome, and (3) the moderating role of the type of psychotherapeutic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis included 11 studies. Inclusion criteria were studies that utilised a quantitative measure of nonverbal synchrony in association with measures of therapeutic alliance and outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Random effects model indicated that nonverbal synchrony was significantly associated with the alliance perceived by the patient (<i>r</i> = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.02–0.35; <i>z</i> = 2.18, <i>p</i> = 0.02); however, it was not significantly associated with the therapeutic outcome (<i>r</i> = 0.22; 95% CI: −0.04 to 0.47; <i>z</i> = 1.65, <i>p</i> = 0.09). No moderating effects were observed for the type of therapeutic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings support the view that nonverbal synchrony is a central aspect of psychotherapy and highlight the possible interdependence between nonverbal synchrony and therapeutic alliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":46997,"journal":{"name":"Counselling & Psychotherapy Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/capr.12885","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}