Journal of Choice Modelling最新文献_第8页

Evaluating the gap choice decisions of pedestrians in conflict situations in mass religious gatherings and controlled experimental setup – A pilot study 在大规模宗教集会和对照实验设置中，评估冲突情况下行人的间隙选择决策——一项试点研究

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100450

Karthika P S , Ashish Verma

{"title":"Evaluating the gap choice decisions of pedestrians in conflict situations in mass religious gatherings and controlled experimental setup – A pilot study","authors":"Karthika P S , Ashish Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous studies on modelling the microscopic behaviour of pedestrians have focused on conflict resolution among pedestrians in pedestrian-pedestrian interactions. Many of these models propose alternate mechanisms to avoid conflicts by introducing repulsive forces between pedestrians or a set of predefined rules stating the precedence of movements to sidestep obstacles and other pedestrians. However, the possibility of formulating the decision-making mechanism pedestrians use to overcome conflicts as a gap-seeking behaviour has not been explored. In this study, resolving conflicts between opposing pedestrians is modelled as gap choice decisions made by individuals. Pedestrians looking for gaps or spaces in a crowd to facilitate their movement form the basis for such an analysis. The study compares pedestrians' gap acceptance behaviour across two scenarios: pedestrian movement in a field setup (Kumbh Mela) and a controlled experiment. Multiple gap choice decisions of individuals are modelled to understand the effect of individual-level heterogeneity on gap choices. Apart from the gap duration, spacing, position of gap, linear density, age, and presence of luggage significantly influenced the gap choices. Model validation is done using appropriate methods for both field and experimental data. The bootstrap method of internal validation and holdout validation is used to assess the performance of the estimated model on field data and experimental data, respectively. It is seen that the models have reasonable predictive and discriminative abilities. The analysis results also indicate that pedestrians tend to force gaps to facilitate movement in their natural state. Consequently, controlled experiments might have limitations in reproducing or motivating the participants to behave like a crowd.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46863,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Choice Modelling","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50176917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sample size selection for discrete choice experiments using design features 利用设计特征进行离散选择实验的样本量选择

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100436

Samson Yaekob Assele , Michel Meulders , Martina Vandebroek

{"title":"Sample size selection for discrete choice experiments using design features","authors":"Samson Yaekob Assele , Michel Meulders , Martina Vandebroek","doi":"10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In discrete choice experiment (DCE) studies, selecting the appropriate sample size remains a challenge. The question of the required sample size for a DCE is addressed in the literature in two distinct approaches: a rule-of-thumb approach and an approach based on the statistical error of the parameter of interest. The former is less accurate and does not depend on the desired power and significance level, whereas the latter requires knowing the complete design which may not be known at the planning stage. This paper proposes a new rule of thumb as well as a new regression-based method that requires knowing certain design characteristics rather than the complete design and takes into account the power and significance level. We compare the sample size estimated using the proposed methods with the true required sample size based on the statistical error of the parameter of interest and the approximations given by the existing rules of thumb. The results show that both the new rule of thumb and the regression-based approach improve the magnitude and proportion of underestimation compared to the most commonly used rule of thumb of Orme. Though the proposed approaches perform in general similarly to Tang’s rule which improves Orme’s rule, they seem to do better for large settings in terms of the number of choice sets and the number of alternatives per choice set in reducing underestimation. Moreover, we have demonstrated the possibility to adapt the regression-based approaches to take into account other scenarios and choice set complexity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46863,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Choice Modelling","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50176915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cross-sectional exploration of labor supply, gender, and household wealth in urban China 中国城市劳动力供给、性别和家庭财富的横断面调查

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100433

Xuehui Han , Tao Zhang , John K. Dagsvik , Yuan Cheng

{"title":"A cross-sectional exploration of labor supply, gender, and household wealth in urban China","authors":"Xuehui Han , Tao Zhang , John K. Dagsvik , Yuan Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We propose a modeling framework that uses only cross-sectional data to disentangle labor supply and demand choices simultaneously. This modeling framework extends the labor-market analytical toolkits to adapt to environments where data are limited, flexibility in working hours is lacking, or structural changes are present, as is the case in most emerging and low-income countries. We showcase our model by using the 2011 China Household Finance<span> Survey to decipher labor market choices in urban China. We find that the main discrepancies in labor supply between males and females are driven by the number and age of children, the lower utility of working rather than fewer job opportunities for females, and larger impacts of education and work experience on females’ job opportunities. Household wealth in the form of ‘cash inflow’ incentivizes individuals not to work, while wealth in the form of ‘stock’ induces higher utility to work for both males and females. The interpretation of empirical findings hinges on particular assumptions that might be disputed.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46863,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Choice Modelling","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50181200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One or two-step? Evaluating GMM efficiency for spatial binary probit models 一步还是两步？空间二元probit模型的GMM效率评估

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100432

Gianfranco Piras , Mauricio Sarrias

引用次数: 0

How to ask twenty questions and win: Machine learning tools for assessing preferences from small samples of willingness-to-pay prices 如何提出20个问题并获胜：从支付价格意愿的小样本中评估偏好的机器学习工具

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100418

Konstantina Sokratous, Anderson K. Fitch, Peter D. Kvam

{"title":"How to ask twenty questions and win: Machine learning tools for assessing preferences from small samples of willingness-to-pay prices","authors":"Konstantina Sokratous, Anderson K. Fitch, Peter D. Kvam","doi":"10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Subjective value has long been measured using binary choice experiments, yet responses like willingness-to-pay prices can be an effective and efficient way to assess individual differences risk preferences and value. Tony Marley’s work illustrated that dynamic, stochastic models permit meaningful inferences about cognition from process-level data on paradigms beyond binary choice, yet many of these models remain difficult to use because their likelihoods must be approximated from simulation. In this paper, we develop and test an approach that uses deep neural networks<span> to estimate the parameters of otherwise-intractable behavioral models. Once trained, these networks allow for accurate and instantaneous parameter estimation. We compare different network architectures and show that they accurately recover true risk preferences related to utility, response caution, anchoring, and non-decision processes. To illustrate the usefulness of the approach, it was then applied to estimate model parameters for a large, demographically representative sample of U.S. participants who completed a 20-question pricing task — an estimation task that is not feasible with previous methods. The results illustrate the utility of machine-learning approaches for fitting cognitive and economic models, providing efficient methods for quantifying meaningful differences in risk preferences from sparse data.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":46863,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Choice Modelling","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50181605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Integrating a choice experiment into an agent-based model to simulate climate-change induced migration: The case of the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam 将选择实验整合到基于代理的模型中，以模拟气候变化引发的移民：以越南湄公河三角洲为例

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100428

Tra Thi Trinh , Alistair Munro

{"title":"Integrating a choice experiment into an agent-based model to simulate climate-change induced migration: The case of the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam","authors":"Tra Thi Trinh , Alistair Munro","doi":"10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forecasting the future impact of climate change on migration is difficult, for many reasons, including the interactive and dynamic nature of many decisions and the heterogeneity of behavior. One popular solution, agent-based models (ABM) cope well with dynamics and heterogeneity, but often lack rigorous foundations in terms of individual behavior. Moreover, given limited exposure to actual climate change, it can be a challenge to build adequate behavioral models of migration choice based on historical data. To tackle this issue, we build an ABM of future migration using a bespoke choice experiment (CE) designed to examine intention to migrate among farmers living in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). In the CE, respondents are asked to make migration choices for scenarios constructed using six attributes: drought intensity, flood frequency, income gain from migration, migration networks, neighbors' choice, and crop choice restriction. The simulation runs to 2050 and is based on two scenarios of future global emissions of greenhouse gases—Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP8.5. The results suggest potentially high levels of migration as a result of climate change and the particular importance of positive feedback from pre-existing migration and neighbor's choices. The results also suggest that crop-restriction regulations have a significant impact on migration for coastal provinces of VMD. Finally, we find that migration drivers vary significantly across provinces, which suggests the policymakers point to targeted action for each province. In summary, the study demonstrates how integrating CE into ABM can foster the predictive modeling of climate-induced migration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46863,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Choice Modelling","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50181608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

NP4VTT: A new software for estimating the value of travel time with nonparametric models NP4VTT:一种用非参数模型估计旅行时间值的新软件

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100427

José Ignacio Hernández, Sander van Cranenburgh

{"title":"NP4VTT: A new software for estimating the value of travel time with nonparametric models","authors":"José Ignacio Hernández, Sander van Cranenburgh","doi":"10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two-attribute-two-alternative stated choice experiments are widely used to infer the Value-of-Travel-Time (VTT) distribution. Two-attribute-two-alternative stated choice experiments have the advantage that their data can be analysed using nonparametric models, which allow for the inference of the VTT distribution without having to impose assumptions on its shape. However, a software package that enables researchers to estimate nonparametric models promptly is currently lacking. As a result, nonparametric models are underused. This paper aims to fill this software void. It presents NP4VTT, a Python package that enables researchers to estimate and compare nonparametric models in a fast and convenient way. It comprises five nonparametric models for estimating the VTT distribution from data coming from two-attribute-two-alternative stated choice experiments. We illustrate the use of NP4VTT by applying it to the Norwegian 2009 VTT data. We hope this software package will help researchers studying the VTT make more informed decisions concerning the shape of the VTT distribution and encourages the use and development of nonparametric models for choice behaviour analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46863,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Choice Modelling","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50181199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preference estimation from point allocation experiments 基于点分配实验的偏好估计

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100430

Marion Collewet , Paul Koster

引用次数: 0

A randomized group approach to identifying label effects 识别标签效应的随机分组方法

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100435

Brandon R. McFadden , Jayson L. Lusk , Adam Pollack , Joy N. Rumble , Kathryn A. Stofer , Kevin M. Folta

引用次数: 0

Consumer preferences for country of origin labeling: Bridging the gap between research estimates and real-world behavior 消费者对原产国标签的偏好：缩小研究估计与现实世界行为之间的差距

IF 2.4 3区经济学

Journal of Choice Modelling Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocm.2023.100429

Bachir Kassas , Xiang Cao , Zhifeng Gao , Lisa A. House , Zhengfei Guan

引用次数: 0