Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Barriers to colorectal cancer screening tests among adults in the Saudi population: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Mohammed Aldakhil MD ,&nbsp;Raghad Ibrahim albarrak MD ,&nbsp;Rose khalaf Alharbi MD ,&nbsp;Yara Fahad Almazyad MD ,&nbsp;Rawan Khaled Alharbi MD ,&nbsp;Lama Abdullateef Albshry MD ,&nbsp;Layan Abdulaziz Altuwejri MD ,&nbsp;Dalia Abdulrhman Alammari MD ,&nbsp;Ghadah Abdulrahman Alsuhaibani MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent cancer in Saudi Arabia and the leading cause of gastrointestinal cancer-related mortality. Despite effective screening methods, participation remains low, resulting in delayed diagnoses and poor outcomes. Barriers include limited awareness, cultural beliefs, healthcare system constraints, and insufficient physician recommendations. Existing studies show variable findings, highlighting the need for a comprehensive synthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify and categorize barriers to CRC screening in Saudi Arabia by examining individual, healthcare system, and sociocultural factors, and to provide recommendations for improving screening uptake.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, the Saudi Digital Library, and the Cochrane Library was performed. Eligible studies examined barriers to CRC screening among Saudi adults using quantitative or qualitative methods. Non-Saudi, non-human, review, or methodologically unclear studies were excluded. Two independent reviewers conducted data extraction and quality assessment using ROBINS-I for observational studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs. Heterogeneity was evaluated with Cochran’s Q and I², while publication bias was assessed using Begg’s test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 130 studies screened, 14 met the inclusion criteria. The most frequent barriers were lack of knowledge, absent physician recommendation, cultural stigma, gender-related concerns, and limited access. Meta-analysis revealed high heterogeneity (I² = 83.9%, p &lt; 0.001). Physician recommendation was the strongest predictor of participation, while stigma and access issues were key deterrents. No publication bias was detected (Begg’s test p = 0.296).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CRC screening in Saudi Arabia is hindered by multifactorial barriers. Targeted awareness, physician-driven initiatives, improved access, and culturally sensitive interventions are essential to enhance participation and reduce CRC mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 5","pages":"Pages 654-662"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health sector transformation in Saudi Arabia—The modern healthcare model: A qualitative study among healthcare leaders","authors":"Abeer Alharbi PhD ,&nbsp;Mohammed Aljuaid PhD ,&nbsp;Fahad A. Alamri MHA ,&nbsp;Shoroq N. Alosaimi MHA ,&nbsp;Sarah Aldeijy MHA","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>أهداف البحث</h3><div>هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى دراسة التغييرات في تقديم الرعاية الصحية في المملكة العربية السعودية وفقا لنموذج الرعاية الصحية الحديث، استنادا إلى وجهات نظر وتجارب قادة الرعاية الصحية، باستخدام نظرية التعقيد لفهم هذه التغييرات.</div></div><div><h3>طرق البحث</h3><div>استخدمت هذه الدراسة النوعية عينة هادفة من ثمانية مشاركين، والتي اعتُبرت كافية لتحديد المواضيع عبر البيانات. جُمعت البيانات من خلال مقابلات شبه مهيكلة بين أكتوبر 2024 وديسمبر 2024. تناولت الأسئلة تحديد خلفيات المشاركين وأدوارهم في المؤسسة؛ وعوامل تمكين وتحديات تطبيق نموذج الرعاية الصحية الحديث؛ والتغييرات التحولية الرئيسية في النظام الصحي؛ وآثار هذه التغييرات على السكان.</div></div><div><h3>النتائج</h3><div>تقدم هذه الدراسة خمسة محاور رئيسية ومحورا فرعيا واحدا مستمدا من تحليل شامل للبيانات. وشملت المحاور الرئيسية: تعزيز الصحة والوقاية من الأمراض؛ والحصول على الرعاية؛ والرعاية الافتراضية ورقمنة الرعاية الصحية؛ وكفاءة النظام وقيمته؛ والتغيير الثقافي. وكانت الرعاية الصحية الأولية والتكامل هي المحور الفرعي المنبثق عن المحور الرئيسي (الحصول على الرعاية).</div></div><div><h3>الاستنتاجات</h3><div>أشارت النتائج إلى أن نموذج الرعاية الصحية للأمهات، الذي يُركز على الوقاية، والحلول الرقمية، والرعاية الصحية الأولية، وتكافؤ الفرص، والانتقال السلس بين أنظمة الرعاية، قد أثر إيجابا على كفاءة النظام وقيمته. إضافة إلى ذلك، قد تواجه هذه التغييرات المستمرة في قطاع الرعاية الصحية العامة تحديات، لا سيما فيما يتعلق بالوعي العام ومقاومة التغيير.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 5","pages":"Pages 643-653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular docking and In-Silico pharmacokinetic analysis of 1,3-benzothiazole-2-amine derivatives as anticonvulsants","authors":"Ahmed Rufa’i MSc ,&nbsp;Abdullahi Y. Idris PhD ,&nbsp;Aliyu M. Musa PhD ,&nbsp;Halimatu S. Hassan PhD ,&nbsp;Asma’u H. Nasiru PhD ,&nbsp;Mohammed G. Magaji PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>الأهداف</h3><div>تعتبر المشتقات التي تحمل مجموعة الثيازول من المواد الدوائية المهمة جدًا في الكيمياء الطبية نظرًا لخصائصها الدوائية الواسعة. البنزوثيازول هو سقالة مهمة مع مجموعة من النشاط البيولوجي والاستخدامات العلاجية، بما في ذلك خصائص مضادة للبكتيريا، ومضادة للملاريا، ومضادة للتشنجات، ومسكنة للألم، ومضادة للالتهابات، ومضادة لمرض السكري، ومضادة للسرطان. يقوم هذا العمل بتقييم السمات الدوائية الحركية الحاسوبية لـ 15 مشتقًا من 1،3-بنزوثيازول-2-أمين (نظائر) وتفاعلاتها مع هدفين أساسيين للصرع: حمض غاما أمينوبوتيريك-أمينوترانسفيراز (GABA-AT) وأيون الصوديوم المفتوح المنشط بروتينات القناة (Nav<em>Ms</em>).</div></div><div><h3>الطريقة</h3><div>تم تصميم وتحسين التركيب الكيميائي للمشتقات باستخدام برنامجي MarvinSketch و Spartan. تمت دراسة السمات الدوائية الحركية باستخدام خادم SwissADME. تم إجراء الالتحام الجزيئي باستخدام Autodock Vina وChimera وDiscovery Studio Visualizer</div></div><div><h3>النتائج</h3><div>فشلت أربعة نظائر (2، 5، 6، و7) في اختبار اختراق حاجز الدم الدماغي (BBB)، في حين أظهرت إحدى عشر من النظائر الخمسة عشر خصائص حركية دوائية جيدة. وأظهرت نتائج التحقق أن الإجراء المستخدم كان مناسبًا لتحليل الالتحام الجزيئي لنظائر الاختبار في المواقع النشطة للبروتينين المستهدفين. عند المقارنة مع الدواء المرجعي فيجاباترين (-5.2 كيلو كالوري/مول)، أظهرت سبعة نظائر (A₁، A₃، A₉، A₁₀، A₁₁، A₁₂، وA₁₄) تقارب ارتباط أعلى (-5.9، -5.8، -6.1، -5.9، -6.0، -6.1، و-6.6 كيلو كالوري/مول، على التوالي). ربط GABA-AT. فيما يتعلق بربط NavMs، أظهر A14 التناظري فقط تقاربًا للربط يبلغ 5.0 كيلو كالوري/مول، وهو ما كان مماثلاً لذلك الخاص بالدواء المرجعي، لاموتريجين.</div></div><div><h3>الاستنتاجات</h3><div>كشفت التحقيقات الحاسوبية عن مركبات بنزوثيازول ذات خصائص مضادة للتشنج عالية، مما يجعلها مرشحة مناسبة للتوليف والاختبار الدوائي.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 5","pages":"Pages 629-642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting marriage decisions among couples with sickle cell or beta-thalassemia traits","authors":"Mohammed Badedi MD ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Muidh BSc ,&nbsp;Mannaa Alsayed BSc ,&nbsp;Hussain Darraj MD ,&nbsp;Ali Shubaili MD ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Darraj MD ,&nbsp;Yahya Hobani Diploma ,&nbsp;Musa Ahmadini BSc ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Hakami MD ,&nbsp;Nabeel Gharawi MD ,&nbsp;Mohammed Hakami Diploma ,&nbsp;Khalid Shrwani PhD ,&nbsp;Nhari Malhan BSc ,&nbsp;Asma Mokali MD ,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdaly MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>أهداف البحث</h3><div>تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم مدى انتشار الزواج بين الأزواج غير المتوافقين وراثيًا، والمُعرّضين لخطر إنجاب أطفال مصابين بفقر الدم المنجلي أو أنيميا البحر المتوسط في منطقة جازان بالمملكة العربية السعودية، بالإضافة إلى تقييم العوامل المؤثرة في قرار هؤلاء الأزواج بالإقدام على الزواج.</div></div><div><h3>طرق البحث</h3><div>تم اعتماد تصميم دراسة مقطعية تحليلية. واستُخلصت العينة من قاعدة بيانات برنامج الفحص الطبي قبل الزواج الوطني، حيث جرى اختيار 386 زوجًا بشكل عشوائي من بين الأزواج الذين أظهرت نتائج فحوصاتهم وجود عدم توافق وراثي واحتمالية إنجاب أطفال مصابين بفقر الدم المنجلي أو أنيميا البحر المتوسط.</div></div><div><h3>النتائج</h3><div>بلغ معدل انتشار الزيجات عالية الخطورة التي قد تؤدي إلى إنجاب أطفال مصابين بفقر الدم المنجلي أو أنيميا البحر المتوسط نحو 60.4%. وقد كان الإقدام على الزواج أكثر شيوعًا بين المشاركين الذين كانوا متزوجين أو مطلقين أو أرامل، أو ممن لديهم أبناء خلال فترة الفحص، مقارنةً بغير المتزوجين .(P = 0.006)كما أظهرت النتائج أن الأزواج الذين يمتلكون معرفة ووعيًا جيدًا بمخاطر فقر الدم المنجلي على حياة الأطفال كانوا أكثر ميلًا لاتخاذ قرار بعدم الزواج .(P = 0.001) إضافة إلى ذلك، فإن الأزواج الذين حضروا جميع جلسات المشورة الوراثية ذات الصلة كانوا أكثر احتمالًا لاتخاذ قرار بعدم الزواج مقارنةً بمن حضروا جلسة واحدة فقط .(P = 0.001) وعلى الرغم من التأثير الإيجابي لتلك الجلسات، فقد كان للعديد من العوامل الاجتماعية والثقافية والدينية ، وعلى رأسها العامل الديني بنسبة 70.8% ، دورٌ مؤثرٌ في قرار الأزواج بالمضي قدمًا في الزواج وقبول احتمالية إنجاب طفل مصاب.</div></div><div><h3>الاستنتاجات</h3><div>نظرًا للانتشار المرتفع لحالات فقر الدم المنجلي وزيجات الخطورة الوراثية في منطقة جازان، توصي الدراسة بتوفير خدمات الإخصاب خارج الجسم وفحص الأجنة قبل التخصيب كخيارات وقائية للحد من هذه الأمراض الوراثية.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 5","pages":"Pages 622-628"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imposter phenomenon; prevalence and associated factors among family medicine residents in Riyadh city, KSA","authors":"Abdulrahman Bamhair MD,&nbsp;Salem Alshahrani MD,&nbsp;Mohammed Alqahtani MD,&nbsp;Abdulelah Alotaibi MD,&nbsp;Omar Alghamdi MD, FMSB","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Imposter syndrome (IS) is a psychological phenomenon characterized by persistent self-doubt and fear of being exposed as incompetent despite clear evidence of competence. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of IS, and identifying associated demographic predictors, among family medicine residents in Riyadh, KSA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among family medicine residents from multiple training centers in Riyadh using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS). Sociodemographic data were also collected.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 268 residents participated (mean age 26.1 ± 1.8 years; 63.4% males). The mean IS score was 50.8 ± 13.0 with a median of 51 (IQR 41–60). Over half (53.7%, n = 144) were in the moderate IS category, 23.1% (n = 62) reported few IS characteristics, 21.3% (n = 57) experienced frequent IS, and 1.9% (n = 5) had intense IS symptoms. Distribution of IS categories differed significantly across training centers (p &lt; 0.001). Marital status was associated with IS severity (p = 0.037), as married residents more often reported fewer IS characteristics (30.3%) compared with single residents (20.8%). Age (p = 0.684), gender (p = 0.714), and first-generation physician status (p = 0.461) showed no significant associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>IS was highly prevalent among family medicine residents in Riyadh, with most experiencing moderate-to-frequent symptoms. Considering factors such as residency year and marital status, and providing robust psychosocial support, may help reduce IS severity. Future studies should use longitudinal designs to explore causal pathways and extend findings to other medical specialties and regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The benefits and challenges of blockchain in healthcare supply chain management in KSA: A systematic review","authors":"Rakan B. Aldosari Msc ,&nbsp;Farah M. Kalmey PhD ,&nbsp;Abdullah T. Alanazi PhD ,&nbsp;Ashraf A. A'aqoulah PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Blockchain is a cutting-edge innovation being applied to offer innovative solutions in various fields, including healthcare. The healthcare industry uses blockchain networks to store and distribute patient data across hospitals, physicians, diagnostic labs, and pharmaceutical firms. Blockchain applications are essential in the healthcare industry for identifying crucial fallacies that might be fatal. The effectiveness, security, and transparency in exchanging medical data may thus be improved in the healthcare industry. This technology may also aid medical institutions in procuring information and analysing patient data.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To examine the published papers that discussed the ability of utilization and probable challenges of blockchain technology in KSA's healthcare supply chain management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Until February 10, 2023, the prime databases: Pub Med, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of science, Embase and The Cochrane Library were searched. Published studies (except case reports), commentaries, editorials, reviews, and meta-analysis reporting on the use of blockchain technology in healthcare supply chain management were included and a Preferred Reporting Items of systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram was used to present the process. To assess risk of bias and the quality of the included studies, the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical evaluation tools were implemented.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 22 studies were included and most of them used blockchain in technology for ensuring transparency, security, and storage of electronic health or medical records. Patients benefited from seamless electronic health records provided by a multi-level blockchain eHealth system. It was observed that blockchain technology effectively addresses clinical trial misconduct, and its potential in this area is to boost data productivity for the healthcare sector. The distinctive data storage pattern of blockchain offers a high-security standard that potentially reduces concerns about data tampering. It provides flexibility, accountability, connection, and data access authentication. Blockchain helps the healthcare sector avoid certain risks and offers decentralized data protection. In our study, we observed that the most preferred network for integrating the healthcare authority, manufacturer, wholesaler, retailer, and service was Ethereum (ETH).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Healthcare policymakers should implement blockchain in Healthcare Supply Chain Management. Moreover, they need to be aware that the primary issues with blockchain technology in the healthcare industry are the lack of practical applications, the high rate of failed initiatives, and the requirement for collaboration between diverse stakeholders. However, there is a lack of studies on how to evaluate the acceptability and assist healthcare organis","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 5","pages":"Pages 612-621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How golden age Arab-Islamic scholars revolutionized sleep physiology and dream analysis","authors":"Ahmed S. BaHammam MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>قدّم علماء العرب المسلمين في العصور الوسطى (من القرن السابع إلى الثالث عشر الميلادي) مساهماتٍ محوريةً في علم النوم، لم تُقدّر حق قدرها، مزجوا فيها بين الملاحظة التجريبية والفهم الفقهي. تتناول هذه المراجعة النصوص الأساسية، وخاصةً كتاب \"الحاوي في الطب\" للرازي وكتاب \"القانون في الطب\" لابن سينا، إلى جانب المراجع الثانوية، لإلقاء الضوء على فهمهم المتقدم لفسيولوجيا النوم واضطراباته والأحلام. كان الرازي رائدا في المنهجيات السريرية المبكرة، مستخدما مجموعات مقارنة لتقييم علاجات اضطرابات النوم. قدّم ملاحظات مُفصّلة عن \"شلل النوم\"، مُميّزا بين الأنواع المُتمركزة في المعدة والدماغ، وتناول حالات مثل الأرق وسلس البول الليلي. تتوافق توصياته المتعلقة بالممارسات الصحية في النوم، والتي تُركّز على النظام الغذائي والروتين والتوازن العاطفي، بشكلٍ لافت مع أفضل الممارسات الحديثة. قدمت نظرية ابن سينا النفسية (الروح النفسية) تفسيراً ميكانيكياً لانتقالات النوم واليقظة، واقترح ثلاث مراحل للنوم بناءً على تغيرات النبض. كما قدم وصفاً مبكراً وذا صلة سريرية لأعراض انقطاع النفس الانسدادي النومي، موصيا بالعلاج الوضعي. تُظهر تحليلاته لوضعية النوم، والهضم، وعلم الأدوية نهجاً منهجياً لا يزال صالحاً حتى اليوم. كذلك، وسّع ابن النفيس نظرية النوم مجادلا بأن القدرات الداخلية، مثل الخيال، تظل نشطة أثناء النوم، مما مهّد الطريق لفهم حديث للتنشيط العصبي الانتقائي. وصف ابن الجزار فرط النوم (السبات) والانهيار المرتبط بالصرع، ملمحا إلى المفاهيم المبكرة لمرض النوم القهري (الانتيابي). تُقر نظرية الأحلام الإسلامية، المستندة إلى القرآن الكريم والأحاديث النبوية الشريفة، بالأحلام كظواهر فسيولوجية ورسائل روحية. طوّر علماء الحضارة العربية في العصور الوسطى أنظمة تصنيف دقيقة ميّزوا من خلالها بين الرؤى الإلهية والأحلام الناتجة عن أسباب نفسية أو جسدية، وهو نهج جمع بين علم اللاهوت، والفلسفة، والبدايات الأولى لعلم النفس.. تُبيّن هذه المساهمات مجتمعةً أن علماء المسلمين في العصور الوسطى وضعوا أسسا أساسية لطب النوم، مُتحدّين بذلك التاريخ ذا النزعة الأوروبية، ومؤكدين على القيمة الراسخة للتقاليد الفكرية المتنوعة.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 5","pages":"Pages 596-611"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caffeic acid phenethyl ester promotes palatal wound healing and enhances wound-associated macrophage CD68 expression.","authors":"Arin O Suningdyastiningrum, Islamy R Hutami, Yuli Berliani, Yayun S Rochmah","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Palatal wounds may result in open lesions, which can lead to extended inflammation, discomfort, wound contraction, scar tissue development, interference with phonation or mastication, and disruption of maxillofacial growth. Flavonoids are known to possess the ability to diminish macrophage pro-inflammatory activity and to facilitate macrophage-mediated resolution of inflammation, thereby accelerating the healing process. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), the principal bioactive constituent of propolis, belongs to this family, and is known to diminish inflammatory cell count, accelerate wound contraction, and promote re-epithelialisation by decreasing lipid peroxidation and the production of reactive oxygen species. This study assesses the impact of CAPE on macrophage expression markers during palatal wound healing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 45 male BALB/c mice, aged 3 months, were allocated into control (saline), CAPE-treatment (CAPE-T), and CAPE-pretreatment (CAPE-PT) groups, and underwent palatal tissue excision at the mid-hard palate. CAPE was administered intraperitoneally at a dosage of 4 mg/kg of body weight. Clinical observation of palatal wound closure and liver were conducted by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) analysis. Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination of CD68 and TGF-β1 was conducted to assess the inflammatory markers during palatal wound closure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On days 3 and 5, the CAPE-T and CAPE-PT groups showed faster wound healing than the control. CAPE also caused a significant weight gain in mice. IHC analysis revealed more CD68-positive cells and higher TGF-β1 levels, along with lower TNF-α and iNOS expression on day 5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAPE positively influences palatal wound healing by accelerating wound closure and modulating CD68, TGF-β1, TNF-α, and iNOS expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 4","pages":"546-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preemptive analgesia regimen modulates hippocampal <i>c-fos</i> expression in a rat postoperative uterine pain model.","authors":"Saima Mumtaz, Najma Baseer, Syed H Habib, Noman U Wazir","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study evaluated morphologically <i>c-fos</i> positive neuronal cells in hippocampal areas and additionally assessed rat behavior associated with the use of a preemptive analgesia regimen in rat surgical pain models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 150-250 g and 8-10 weeks of age, were included in this laboratory-based experimental study at Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, over approximately 2 years, from January 2022 to January 2024. The rats were divided into a superficial pain group and a deep pain group. Each group was further subdivided into tramadol, buprenorphine, and saline subgroups. Isoflurane general anesthesia was administered. Pain was assessed with a subjective pain scale (Abdominal Pain Assessment, APA) at 2, 4, 6, 9, and 24 h post-surgery. Expression of c-fos in hippocampal tissue, including the dentate gyrus, CA1, and CA3 regions, was detected immunohistochemically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postoperative administration of a preemptive regimen comprising either buprenorphine or tramadol significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01) mitigated the presence of surgically induced <i>c-fos</i> expressing cells in the hippocampus in both primary groups. Furthermore, across the entire time period (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) the preemptive treatment in the deep pain group resulted in a considerably lower APA than observed in the saline group. However, in the superficial pain group, the differences in APA among the three subgroups were statistically insignificant (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postoperative pain was significantly diminished in animal models with use of a preemptive regimen. This regimen not only decreased pain transmission but also ameliorated emotional distress in the animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 4","pages":"533-545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of empagliflozin in nondiabetic fatty liver patients: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Bahaa Osman Taha, Mohammad A Kobeisy, Essam Abdelmohsen, Tarek Abdelrhman, Marwa M Abokresha, Zeinab M Hassanein, Mohammad H M AbdEllah-Alawi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Metabolic fatty liver disease is a common disease with numerous health risks. Life modification remains the primary treatment. Previous studies have shown that the sodium‒glucose cotransporter has a positive effect on improving fatty liver in individuals with diabetes mellitus, but it has not been extensively studied in nondiabetic patients with fatty liver. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate effects of empagliflozin in treating nondiabetic metabolic fatty liver disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective parallel-group open-label study on fifty-five nondiabetic metabolic fatty liver patients. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: twenty-two patients received lifestyle advice alone (L-arm), and thirty-three patients received lifestyle advice plus empagliflozin 10 mg daily (LE-arm). After 6 months, non-invasive elastography (fibro-scan) was used to check for changes in hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Body mass index, waist circumference, arterial blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, and lipid profiles were also used to measure metabolic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LE-arm showed a mean CAP reduction of 38 dB/m compared to 8 dB/m in the L-arm (p = 0.001). Moreover, there was a slight improvement in liver fibrosis, as well as improvements in metabolic measures such as blood pressure (p value 0.034), waist circumference (p value 0.01), and weight reduction (2.5 kg vs. 1 kg, p value 0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Along with lifestyle changes, empagliflozin may improve hepatic steatosis and the metabolic profile in nondiabetic fatty liver patients. However, conducting a longer term risk‒benefit analysis requires more research.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT05694923 at 2023-01-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":46806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences","volume":"20 4","pages":"525-532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}