{"title":"Yield, functional properties and nutritional compositions of leafy vegetables with dehydrated food waste and spent coffee grounds","authors":"Young-Ji Jeon, Yun-Gu Kang, Jin-Ah Eun, Taek-Keun Oh","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00863-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00863-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study determined the fertilizer potentials of the dehydrated food waste powder (DFWP) and spent coffee grounds (SCGs) through assessing their effects on yield, antioxidant activities, mineral and proximate compositions of leaf lettuce and Japanese hogfennel their efficiencies to inorganic fertilizers (N-P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-K<sub>2</sub>O, NPK). In this study, both organic amendments were applied at rates that supplied half, double and recommended nitrogen (N) requirements of the leaf lettuce (15 Mg N/ha) and Japanese hogfennel (10 Mg N/ha) established in Daejeon, South Korea. The recommended treatment of DFWP produced the highest lettuce and Japanese hogfennel yields, respectively. Halving the application rates of the organic amendments generally limited the yielding capacities while doubling them invoked negative yield responses in both crops. The highest antioxidant activities, mineral and proximate contents in both crops were obtained with the recommended dosage of amendments. The SCGs outperformed NPK in all the parameters of the Japanese hogfennel assessed in this study even though its impact on the leaf lettuce was adverse. Therefore, both DFWP and SCGs can effectively supply plant nutrients but their application rates should be regulated so as to avoid NaCl toxicity and elevated phytotoxicity in DFWP and SCGs, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00863-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139976336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ju Yeon Moon, Saet Buyl Lee, Yu Jeong Jeong, Gah-Hyun Lim, Gilok Shin, Man-Soo Choi, Jeong Ho Kim, Ki Hun Park, Jiyoung Lee, Jae Cheol Jeong, Cha Young Kim
{"title":"Soybean flower-specific R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene GmMYB108 induces anthocyanin production in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Ju Yeon Moon, Saet Buyl Lee, Yu Jeong Jeong, Gah-Hyun Lim, Gilok Shin, Man-Soo Choi, Jeong Ho Kim, Ki Hun Park, Jiyoung Lee, Jae Cheol Jeong, Cha Young Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00877-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00877-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) are known to play a key role in regulating the expression of structural genes involved in plant flavonoid biosynthesis. However, the regulatory networks and related genes controlling isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean are poorly understood. We previously reported that ethephon application increases the production of isoflavonoids in soybean leaves. In this study, we attempted to identify a potential regulatory gene that positively controls isoflavonoid production in response to ethephon treatment in soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed that ethephon application led to the upregulation of 22 genes, including the genes for R2R3-MYB TFs, related to isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean plants. Ethephon treatment highly induced the expression of <i>GmMYB108</i>, and its expression was exclusively enriched in flowers as determined using in silico and real-time quantitative PCR analyses. Furthermore, <i>GmMYB108</i> overexpression resulted in an intense accumulation of anthocyanins as well as total flavonoid production in the leaf tissues of transgenic <i>Arabidopsis</i> plants. In addition, <i>GmMYB108</i> overexpression increased the transcript levels of several genes involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and their regulatory pathways in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. These results suggest that <i>GmMYB108</i> is a potential positive regulator of the biosynthesis of flavonoids and anthocyanins in soybean flowers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00877-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanol extract from the bran of the colored wheat, 'Ariheuk'","authors":"Seung-Gyeom Kim, So-Hyeon Park, Joong-Hyuck Auh","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00872-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00872-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated using a 70% acidic methanol extract of the colored wheat bran, 'Ariheuk.' Active metabolites were identified via metabolomic analysis using multivariate statistical comparisons. The 'Ariheuk' bran extract (ABE) contained a higher total anthocyanin content (0.19 mg C3G/g) than the general wheat bran extract (GBE) (0.01 mg C3G/g). ABE exhibited stronger antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities than GBE. The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of ABE was explored by assessing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The crude ABE extract was also partially fractionated into three subfractions (ABE-F1, ABE-F2, and ABE-F3) using preparative liquid chromatography (Prep-LC) to identify the active metabolites. The total anthocyanin content was highest in ABE-F3 (1.91 ± 0.06 mg C3G/g). Among the subfractions, ABE-F2 exhibited the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Several distinct metabolites contributing to the activities of ABE-F2 were identified, including various cyanidin and peonidin derivatives and apigenin derivatives, such as corymboside and schaftoside.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00872-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mangeun Kim, Min Hye Kim, Jinho Kim, Kyungpil Kang, Junsu Lee, Mrinmoy Ghosh, Young-Ok Son
{"title":"Comprehensive in vitro and in vivo investigations of the therapeutic potential of Jeju lava seawater salt in osteoarthritis","authors":"Mangeun Kim, Min Hye Kim, Jinho Kim, Kyungpil Kang, Junsu Lee, Mrinmoy Ghosh, Young-Ok Son","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00874-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00874-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Salts play a crucial role in maintaining human health by regulating fluid levels and supporting various physiological processes. However, conventional seawater-derived salts are associated with microplastic pollution and pose potential health risks. Jeju lava seawater (JLS), sourced exclusively from Jeju Island, has emerged as a unique alternative, free of microplastics and enriched with essential minerals such as magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron. In this study, we investigated the effects of JLS on osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis, focusing on chondrocyte metabolism and OA development. We performed surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus to establish a murine model of OA. We examined the expression of catabolic and anabolic factors in JLS-treated chondrocytes. Our cell viability assay revealed that JLS treatment was not cytotoxic to chondrocytes at concentrations ≤ 0.5%. Additionally, JLS treatment resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in the expression of anabolic factors like aggrecan, SOX9, and COL2A1 while decreasing the expression of catabolic factors such as MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5 in the chondrocytes stimulated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Although not statistically significant compared to the control group, JLS intake slightly attenuated the OARSI score, osteophyte score, synovitis score, subchondral bone thickness, and osteophyte size in the mouse model of OA. Conclusively, these results suggest that JLS ameliorates OA by positively influencing chondrocyte metabolism, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for OA management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00874-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139916676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tham Thi Mong Doan, Gia Han Tran, Toan Khac Nguyen, Jin Hee Lim, Sanghyun Lee
{"title":"Antioxidant activity of different cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds by HPLC/UV","authors":"Tham Thi Mong Doan, Gia Han Tran, Toan Khac Nguyen, Jin Hee Lim, Sanghyun Lee","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00875-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00875-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> is classified within the Asteraceae botanical family and serves as a phytomedicine in many countries. The objective of this study was to quantitatively analyze twelve phenolic compounds through HPLC/UV and to assess the antioxidant abilities using the DPPH and ABTS<sup>+</sup> assays in the leaves and flowers of six cultivars of <i>C. morifolium</i>: ‘Geumsu’, ‘Ilonka’, ‘Silvia’, ‘Pompadour’, ‘Yes Holic’, and ‘Ford’. The results indicated that the leaves of ‘Geumsu’ and ‘Ford’, as well as the ‘Pompadour’ flowers contained high levels of phenolic compounds and exhibited strong antioxidant abilities. Additionally, a relationship between the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities was observed. These findings provide foundational knowledge about <i>C. morifolium</i> cultivars, which are promising natural sources that can offer health benefits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00875-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minji Kim, Jangeun An, Seong-Ah Shin, Sun Young Moon, Moonsu Kim, Seyeon Choi, Huiji Kim, Kim-Hoa Phi, Jun Hyuck Lee, Ui Joung Youn, Hyun Ho Park, Chang Sup Lee
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages","authors":"Minji Kim, Jangeun An, Seong-Ah Shin, Sun Young Moon, Moonsu Kim, Seyeon Choi, Huiji Kim, Kim-Hoa Phi, Jun Hyuck Lee, Ui Joung Youn, Hyun Ho Park, Chang Sup Lee","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00873-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00873-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inflammation is an essential defense mechanism in health; however, excessive inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases. Although anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for controlling inflammation, they have several side effects. Recent findings suggest that naturally derived compounds possess physiological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of 2,5,6-trimethoxy-p-terphenyl (TP1), extracted from the Antarctic lichen <i>Stereocaulon alpinum</i>, using in vitro models. TP1 treatment decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Additionally, TP1 treatment significantly decreased the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) and the mRNA and protein levels of the pro-inflammatory enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2). Moreover, TP1 suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in Raw264.7 macrophages. Conclusively, these results suggest that TP1 ameliorates inflammation by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, making it a potential anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of severe inflammatory diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00873-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139739085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution of microplastics in soil by types of land use in metropolitan area of Seoul","authors":"Jung-Hwan Yoon, Bo-Hyun Kim, Kye-Hoon Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00869-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00869-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic pollution is becoming a significant problem in urban areas due to excessive use and careless disposal. While studies on microplastics are increasingly being conducted across various environments, research on microplastics in soil is limited compared to other areas. Microplastics entering the soil through various routes can stay there for a long period of time, threatening soil organisms and eventually humans. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the distribution characteristics of microplastics according to types of land use. For this purpose, a total of 54 soil samples were collected from agricultural land, residential areas, roadsides, parks, and forests. The analysis of microplastics in the soil by stereo microscopy showed that the average numbers of microplastics (particles/kg) in agricultural land, residential areas, roadsides, parks, and forests were 5047, 3646, 4987, 2673, and 1097, respectively. Various colors (black, red, green, blue, yellow, white, and transparent) and shapes (fragment, fiber, film, and sphere) of microplastics were found in soils. The combination of black x fragment plastics showed the highest frequency. Microplastics in soil samples from agricultural land, roadside, and residential areas with sizes between 20 µm and 500 µm were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and analyzed by MP finder. The number of microplastics detected in the soil with sizes ranging between 20 µm and 500 µm was in the order of roadside > residential areas > agricultural land, which was different from the results by stereomicroscopy. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) were detected in soils from roadsides. Polyurethane (PU), cellulose acetate (CA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, and polystyrene (PS) were detected in soils from residential areas, with PU being the most frequently detected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00869-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Ra Kim, Sunyoung Park, Ji Young Kim, Jang-Duck Choi, Gui-Im Moon
{"title":"Simultaneous determination of 31 Sulfonamide residues in various livestock matrices using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","authors":"Yu Ra Kim, Sunyoung Park, Ji Young Kim, Jang-Duck Choi, Gui-Im Moon","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00864-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00864-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The widespread use of sulfonamides can result in the residue of sulfonamides in the foods of animal origin that are the major concerns of consumers and regulatory bodies due to their adverse reaction such as the development of antibiotic resistance. A rapid and efficient multi-residue analytical method was developed to screen and confirm 31 sulfonamides in livestock samples in a single run, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with comprehensive mass spectrometric approaches. In this study, a novel sample preparation procedure was used, based on a modified QuEChERS method (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe). The linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision of the method were validated according to the Codex guidelines. The response of the detector was linear for each target compound over a wide concentration range, with a correlation coefficient (r<sup>2</sup>) greater than 0.98. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.3 to 5 ng <i>g</i><sup>−1</sup> and from 1 to 19 ng <i>g</i><sup>−1</sup> and the average recoveries (%) for three laboratories ranged from 85 to 109% with a CV (n = 5) below 22%. The applicability of this screening method was verified using real livestock samples. The proposed analytical method achieves identification and quantification of target sulfonamides at trace levels in a short analysis time. None of the samples contained residues that exceeded the maximum residue limit (MRL).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00864-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139715245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simultaneous determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in tomatoes using the QuEChERS method coupled with HPLC","authors":"Sang Gyu Han, Tae Gyu Nam","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00866-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00866-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The simultaneous determination of trace pesticides in complex matrices containing high concentrations of natural pigments remains challenging. In this study, quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) sample preparation together with high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC–UV) was applied for the multi-residue analysis of seven sulfonylurea herbicides (SUHs) in tomatoes. SUH residue was extracted using the QuEChERS procedure, followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and dispersive SPE (d-SPE). To reduce the amount of carotenoids in tomato extracts, several d-SPE clean-up procedures were compared, and octadecylsilane (C<sub>18</sub>) provided the best color removal rate (%) of tomato extracts and recoveries (%) for all the tested SUHs. The validation results indicate good linearity (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.9970), accuracy, and precision. Recoveries of 70–120% and relative standard deviations < 20% were achieved for all analytes at three spiked concentrations. The limits of detection and quantification for the 7 SUHs were 0.003 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> and 0.008–0.009 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The developed method was subsequently used to quantify multi-residue SUHs during real sample analysis. None of the tested samples had SUH residue levels higher than the maximum residue limits established by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The results suggest that QuEChERS sample preparation employing a combination of C<sub>18</sub> is a high-throughput and rapid clean-up procedure for the multi-residue analysis of SUHs in tomatoes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00866-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}