Clinical Neuropsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Child Maltreatment, Abuse, and Neglect: An Umbrella Review of Their Prevalence and Definitions.","authors":"Chiara Massullo, Elena De Rossi, Giuseppe Alessio Carbone, Claudio Imperatori, Rita B Ardito, Mauro Adenzato, Benedetto Farina","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230201","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Child maltreatment (CM) is a recognized public health problem, and epidemiologic data suggest that it is a widespread phenomenon, albeit with widely varying estimates. Indeed, CM as well as child abuse (CA) and neglect (CN) are complex phenomena that are difficult to study for several reasons, including terminological and definitional problems that pose a hurdle to estimating epidemiological rates. Therefore, the main aim of this umbrella review is to revise recent review data on the epidemiology of CM, CA, and CN. A second aim was to revise the definitions used.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic search of three databases was performed in March 2022. Recent reviews (published in the last 5 years: 2017-March 2022) addressing the epidemiological rates of CM, CA, and/or CN were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 314 documents retrieved by the selected search strategy, the eligibility assessment yielded a total of 29 eligible documents. Because of the great heterogeneity among them, a qualitative rather than a quantitative synthesis was performed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data from this umbrella review show that the different age groups, methods, and instruments used in the literature to collect the data on the epidemiology of CM make it difficult to compare the results. Although definitions appear to be quite homogeneous, CM categorization varies widely across studies. Furthermore, this umbrella review shows that the CM reviews considered do not examine some particular forms of CM such as parental overprotection. The results are discussed in detail throughout the paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 2","pages":"72-99"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10211430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9549977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Short Version of the Panic Agoraphobic Spectrum (PAS-SV) Questionnaire.","authors":"Liliana Dell'Osso,&nbsp;Giulia Amatori,&nbsp;Benedetta Nardi,&nbsp;Chiara Bonelli,&nbsp;Davide Gravina,&nbsp;Francesca Benedetti,&nbsp;Enrico Massimetti,&nbsp;Ivan Mirko Cremone,&nbsp;Barbara Carpita","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>a spectrum model of psychopathology has allowed, in recent years, to recognize the subclinical or sub-threshold symptomatology that may be associated with full-blown mental disorders. The conceptualization of a panic - agoraphobic spectrum was developed in consideration of the substantial clinical heterogeneity revealed by studies on panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. The current study aims to determine the psychometric properties of the Panic Agoraphobic Spectrum - Short Version (PAS-SV), a new questionnaire designed to identify the spectrum of panic - agoraphobic symptoms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>42 subjects with panic disorder or agoraphobia (PAD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), 41 subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and 60 healthy controls (HC) were recruited from the Psychiatric Clinic of the University of Pisa and assessed with the SCID-5, the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and the PAS-SV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PAS-SV demonstrated a high level of internal consistency and the test-retest reliability for total and domain scores was excellent. PAS-SV domain scores were positively and significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.001), with Pearson's coefficients ranging from 0.771 to 0.943. All the PAS-SV domain scores were highly correlated with the PAS-SV total score. The correlation coefficients between PAS-SV and alternative measures of panic - agoraphobic symptoms appeared all significant and positive. Significant differences among diagnostic groups on both PAS-SV domains and total scores were found. PAS-SV total score increased significantly and progressively from HC, to the ASD up to the PA group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PAS-SV showed excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability and strong convergent validity with alternative dimensional measures of PA. The questionnaire performed differently among the three diagnostic groups, with an increasing score gradient from HC to patients with ASD to the PA group.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 2","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10206642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9526113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpersonal Attachment Styles and Body Dysmorphic Symptoms in Adolescent Girls: The Mediating Role of Body Image.","authors":"Rasoul Heshmati,&nbsp;Monica Pellerone,&nbsp;Maryam Ramazan Nejad Esfandi,&nbsp;Narges Yeganeh,&nbsp;Esa Jafari","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Body dysmorphic symptoms are one of the most common problems in adolescent girls. The experience of security or insecurity in childhood attachment can be one of the most important fundamental factors affecting the body image and, consequently, body dysmorphic symptoms. However, the mediator role of the body image in the relationship between body dysmorphic and interpersonal attachment styles has not been studied in previous researches. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of body image in the relationship between interpersonal attachment styles and body dysmorphic symptoms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In a cross-sectional research, 250 adolescent girls from Baqer al-Uloom School in Tabriz, were selected by convenient sampling method. Then, The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS), Body Dysmorphic Metacognitive Questionnaire (BDMCQ) and Collins and Reid's Attachment Styles Scale (RAAS) were used to data collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed ambivalent attachment style was positively related to body image (β=-0.91, p<0.01) The direct effect of ambivalent attachment style on body dysmorphic symptom is significant (β=0.76, p<0.01). The pathway between body image and body dysmorphic symptom is negatively significant (β= -0.75, p<0.01). Also, the hypothesized model has an acceptable goodness-of-fit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the results, it can be said that in interventions, it is necessary to pay attention to the important role of interpersonal attachment styles and body image in body dysmorphic symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 2","pages":"141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10206641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9531337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Article Highlights.","authors":"Federico Mucci","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 2","pages":"69-71"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10206629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9526110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Childhood Experiences in the Development of Disgust Sensitivity: A Preliminary Study on Early Moral Memories.","authors":"Olga Ines Luppino,&nbsp;Katia Tenore,&nbsp;Francesco Mancini,&nbsp;Alessandra Mancini","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230203","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Disgust is a basic emotion evolved to safeguard our omnivorous species from contagion. Although the factors eliciting disgust typically involve concerns related to physical contamination, physical disgust responses are also prompted by moral transgressions, (i.e. cannibalism, pedophilia, betrayal). The link between the general propensity to experience disgust (i.e. \"Disgust Sensitivity\") and morality, in particular in the deontological domain, is supported by an increasing amount of data on clinical and non-clinical sample. Evolutionistic explanations of this link posit that disgust evolved to indicate the presence of a threat to the integrity of the individual not only in the physical domain but also in the social and moral domain.In addition to the evolutionary point of view, this link could also be better investigated in terms of individual development. To the best of our knowledge, literature is scarce regarding which early experiences are associated to high DS. Therefore, this study aims to explore the content of early memories associated with disgust. Based on the strict link between disgust and morality, we hypothesized an association between DS and early memories of moral criticism.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>60 non-clinical participants filled in measures of DS. They were then presented with an auditory disgust induction, after which they recalled early memories through the technique of the \"affect bridge\". 10 independent raters assessed the emotional content of the memories on visual-analogical scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed a positive association between disgust sensitivity and the propensity to experience deontological guilt. There was also a significant positive association between disgust sensitivity and moral memories, in particular relating to early experiences of being the object of contempt, moral criticism, anger, and of being held responsible.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data directly support the centrality of early morally-loaded interpersonal experiences in the development of DS, confirming the link between disgust and morality also at the level of individual historical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 2","pages":"109-121"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10206632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9526112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dark Triad and Trait Emotional Intelligence as Predictors of Problematic Social Media use and Engagement: The Mediating Role of the Fear of Missing Out.","authors":"Nadia Barberis,&nbsp;Maria-Jose Sanchez-Ruiz,&nbsp;Marco Cannavò,&nbsp;Danilo Calaresi,&nbsp;Valeria Verrastro","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Problematic social media use is becoming a significant social and clinical concern, and there is growing research interest in the psychological factors involved, such as personality predispositions and the fear of missing out (FOMO). The present study investigated both the dark triad (DT, namely, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) and trait emotion intelligence (trait EI) in relation to the problematic use of technology and social media engagement and the mediating role of FOMO.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 788 people between 18 and 35 years old (M = 24.22; SD = 3.91; 75% women) were surveyed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that social media engagement was positively related to problematic social media use and negatively related to trait EI. In addition, problematic social media use was positively related to DT and negatively related to trait EI. Fear of missing out was positively related to social media engagement, problematic social media use, and DT, and negatively related to trait EI. Fear of missing out had a mediating effect on the relationship between personality dimensions, problematic social media use, and social media engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The extent to which personality traits may underpin problematic use of social media and the practical implications of the findings are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 2","pages":"129-140"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10211431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9549978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive Neurofeedback Protocol: An Alpha Training to Improve Sleep Quality and Stress Modulation in Health Care Professionals During the Covid-19 Pandemic. A Pilot Study.","authors":"Beatrice Benatti,&nbsp;Nicolaja Girone,&nbsp;Dario Conti,&nbsp;Laura Celebre,&nbsp;Monica Macellaro,&nbsp;Laura Molteni,&nbsp;Matteo Vismara,&nbsp;Monica Bosi,&nbsp;Anna Colombo,&nbsp;Bernardo Dell'Osso","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>health care workers (HCWs) represent a vulnerable group in the COVID-19 pandemic, given the exposure to greater risk and higher levels of work-related stress. Neurofeedback (NF) has shown to be effective in the treatment of stress-related symptoms. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of an alpha-increase NF protocol for the treatment of acute stress symptoms in HCWs exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>eighteen medical doctors on duty during the COVID-19 health emergency underwent an intensive NF alpha-increase protocol. The mean alpha wave values were recorded at the beginning (T0) and at the last day of stimulation (T1). Rapid Stress Assessment: Italian version; Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Brief-COPE were administered as psychometric assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>a significant increase in alpha wave values and a significant reduction of the PSQI scores from T0 to T1 were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NF alpha-increase protocol showed promising results in terms of stress modulation, sleep quality improvement, and safety in a pilot sample of HCWs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 1","pages":"61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10016100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9498902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Externalising Behaviours, Impulsivity, Alexithymia, and Emotional Dysregulation in Adolescents' Suicidality.","authors":"Michela Gatta,&nbsp;Alessia Raffagnato,&nbsp;Caterina Angelico,&nbsp;Elena Benini,&nbsp;Erica Medda,&nbsp;Rachele Fasolato,&nbsp;Marina Miscioscia","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>suicide represents the second leading cause of death among adolescents (WHO, 2021). A deeper understanding of the characteristics that lead to it is crucial to increase the ability of clinicians in evaluating, treating, and preventing it. The objective of this study is to analyze the differences in impulsivity, externalizing behaviors, emotion dysregulation, and alexithymia between two groups of adolescents, the first presenting suicidal ideation (SI), the second presenting at least one suicide attempt (SA), in an ideation-to-action framework.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>we conducted a retrospective study with 190 adolescents (<i>M</i>= 14.5, <i>SD _age</i> = 1.63; SI: <i>n</i> = 97, SA: <i>n</i> = 93). All were hospitalized in the Complex Operative Child Neuropsychiatry Hospital Unit (UOC-NPI) of the Hospital-University of Padua. Data were collected using the Youth Self-Report (YSR 11-18), Barratt's Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the SA group obtained higher clinical scores in the YSR \"rule-breaking behavior\" and \"conduct problems\" scales, and in total TAS-20.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the role of externalizing problems and alexithymia could open new frontiers in the understanding of suicide. These new data could be useful for the implementation of early screening protocols and for directing clinical interventions, promoting greater emotion regulation and anger management skills among patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10016105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9200016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive Features in Individuals with First Episode Psychosis: Psychopathological and Treatment Considerations from A 2-Year Follow-Up Study.","authors":"Lorenzo Pelizza,&nbsp;Emanuela Leuci,&nbsp;Emanuela Quattrone,&nbsp;Silvia Azzali,&nbsp;Giuseppina Paulillo,&nbsp;Simona Pupo,&nbsp;Pietro Pellegrini","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Comorbid depression is quite common in early psychosis and specifically related to suicidal behavior and poor long-term outcomes. However, Depressive Symptoms (DS) are often neglected in both research and treatment, especially at the psychosis onset. The goals of this investigation were: (a) to longitudinally explore DS levels in patients with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) during 24 months of follow-up, and (b) to investigate the associations of DS with psychopathology and intervention components of an \"Early Intervention in Psychosis\" (EIP) program across the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were completed by 266 FEP subjects. A linear regression analysis with DS as the dependent parameter and psychopathological and treatment characteristics as independent variables was performed (both at baseline and across the follow-up period).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DS had enduring associations with PANSS \"Positive Symptoms\" and \"Negative Symptoms\" subscores. During the investigation, FEP subjects significantly improved their DS severity levels. This was related to the number of individual psychotherapy meetings supplied within the EIP protocol, as well as to a higher antidepressant dose and a lower antipsychotic dose prescribed during the follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DS are quite prominent in FEP, even at the recruitment time in EIP services. Nevertheless, DS severity tends to diminish overtime, especially with the provision of specialized EIP treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 1","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10016103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9514484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidity from a Categorical to a Transdiagnostic-Dimensional Approach: New Perspectives for Researchers and Clinicians.","authors":"Antonio Bruno,&nbsp;Fiammetta Iannuzzo,&nbsp;Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230101","url":null,"abstract":"Prof. Antonio Bruno – Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Policlinico Universitario Via Consolare Valeria, 1 – 98125 Messina Italy Phone: 0039-090-22212092 Fax: 0039-090-695136 Email: antonio.bruno@unime.it Antonio Bruno1, Fiammetta Iannuzzo1, Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello1 1Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, Contesse, Messina 98125, Italy.","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"20 1","pages":"7-8"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10016098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9498910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}