Clinical Neuropsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Trauma Symptoms as a Bridge: Linking Early Adversities to Interpersonal Risk Profiles for Victimization and Perpetration in Women.","authors":"Federica Visco-Comandini, Carolina Papa, Luciana Ciringione, Anna Chiara Franquillo, Elena Tittarelli, Francesco Mancini, Erica Pugliese","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260306","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>in the context of interpersonal violence, traumatic experiences are linked to both the risk of victimization and perpetration. Yet, most studies have examined these roles separately leaving unclear how traumatic experiences in the past and traumatic symptoms in the present may differently contribute to victimization vs perpetration-related problems. This study investigates if the relationships between early traumatic experiences and interpersonal problems typically associated with victim-like and offender-like roles are mediated by trauma symptoms (PTSD, DSO and Dissociation) in women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>ninety-eight adult women from the general population (Mage = 33.0, SD = 8.25) completed self-report measures assessing childhood trauma exposure (CTQ-SF), trauma-related symptoms according to ICD-11 criteria (ITQ; PTSD and disturbances in self-organization), dissociative symptoms (DES-II), and interpersonal functioning (IIP-32). Interpersonal risk phenotypes were operationalized as victimization-related (friendly-submissive) and perpetration-related (hostile- dominant) interpersonal problems. An overall childhood trauma severity factor was derived from CTQ clinical subscales using exploratory factor analysis. Two parallel mediation models were tested using bias-corrected bootstrap procedures, controlling for age and marital status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the findings revealed that while dissociation contributes to both victimization-risk and perpetration-risk profiles, PTSD symptoms specifically foster victimization behaviors, whereas DSO symptoms are more strongly associated with perpetration behaviors. Specifically, childhood trauma was indirectly associated with victimization-related interpersonal problems through PTSD symptoms and dissociation, whereas the indirect path through DSO was not significant. Conversely, childhood trauma was indirectly associated with perpetration-related interpersonal problems through DSO symptoms and dissociation, while PTSD did not emerge as a significant mediator. In both models, direct effects of childhood trauma on interpersonal outcomes were non-significant once trauma-related symptoms were included, supporting a full mediation pattern.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>in conclusion, early adverse experiences, and trauma-related symptoms, appear to make women more vulnerable to victimization/perpetration-like problems. These results clarify distinct trauma-related pathways, underscoring the need for targeted preventive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 3","pages":"266-278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13316891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperament, Character and Intrapsychic Behaviors Defining Personality in Adult Women With a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Anna Vespa, Roberta Spatuzzi, Paolo Fabbietti, Maria Velia Giulietti","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260307","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>this study aims to examine temperament, character, and personality traits (at both the intrapsychic and interpersonal levels) in women with a history of CSA, in order to identify patterns that could enhance therapeutic interventions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>a sample of 88 women with a history of CSA was compared to a group of 130 non-CSA women. All participants completed the Revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140) and the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) Form-A [8 Clusters (Cl)].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>women with CSA exhibited significantly higher levels of Novelty-Seeking (NS) (p = .011) and lower levels of Self-Directedness (SD) (p = .001) compared to the non-CSA group. They also scored lower on SASB-Cl-1 (p = .001), SASB-Cl-2 (p = .001), and SASB-Cl-3 (p = .025), indicating lower autonomy-assertivity, self-acceptance and self-appreciation. In contrast, they had higher scores on SASB-Cl-6 (p = .001), SASB-Cl-7 (p = .001), and SASB-Cl-8 (p = .001), reflecting self-criticism, self-rejection, and emotional disconnection. Significant correlations were observed between the TCI-140 dimensions and SASB-Cl.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the study highlights distinct personality and behavioral profiles in women with CSA, which may contribute to self-injurious tendencies and interpersonal challenges. These findings underscore the necessity of personalized psychotherapeutic approaches that target these maladaptive intrapsychic and temperamental patterns to improve psychological outcomes in this vulnerable population.s.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 3","pages":"279-286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13316889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris.","authors":"Bui Long, Nguyen Thi Kim Huong, Le Huu Doanh, Nguyen Hoang Long","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260302","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease that significantly impacts patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). While effective treatments exist, the burden of psoriasis on HRQOL and the factors influencing it remain underexplored in Vietnam. To assess HRQOL and its associated factors among patients with psoriasis vulgaris in a tertiary hospital in Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>a cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2023, including 149 patients with psoriasis vulgaris. HRQOL was evaluated using the EQ-5D-5L tool, and disease severity was assessed with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and stepwise multivariate Tobit regression to identify factors associated with the EQ-5D index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the mean EQ-5D index was 0.85 (SD = 0.17), with patients reporting the fewest problems in mobility (88.6% no issues) and self-care (81.2% no issues). However, pain/discomfort (68.5%) and anxiety/depression (36.2%) were significant concerns. The EQ-5D index declined with increasing PASI scores (mild: 0.87, severe: 0.68, p < 0.01). Factors negatively associated with HRQOL included older age (Coef. = -0.003, p = 0.026), severe redness (Coef. = -0.199, p = 0.001), and pain symptoms (Coef. = -0.108, p = 0.031). Male sex was independently associated with higher HRQOL (Coef. = 0.084, p = 0.015). Fraizeron treatment was positively associated with higher HRQOL (Coef. = 0.164, p = 0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>psoriasis substantially impacts HRQOL, particularly through pain and emotional burden. Older age, severe redness, and pain symptoms were associated with poorer HRQOL, whereas male sex and Fraizeron treatment were associated with higher HRQOL. Comprehensive management strategies addressing both physical symptoms and psychological well-being may help improve HRQOL.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 3","pages":"232-242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13316888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox Imbalance in ADHD: A Meta-Analysis of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Biomarkers (2010-2025).","authors":"Davoud Amiri, Lamberto Briziarelli, Swetang J Shah, Sara Amiri, Barry Karlsson, Amir Hossein Jalali Nadoushan","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260304","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Oxidative-antioxidant imbalance has been proposed as a biological contributor to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet findings across biomarkers, age groups and assay platforms remain heterogeneous. We synthesised evidence on oxidative damage markers (malondialdehyde [MDA], 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG]), global redox indices (total oxidant status [TOS], oxidative stress index [OSI], total antioxidant status [TAS]) and enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], catalase [CAT]).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we searched major databases for studies published between 2010 and 2025. Case-control studies and baseline data from trials reporting group means and standard deviations were eligible. Standardised mean differences (Hedges' g) were pooled using random-effects models. Prespecified moderators included age group, medication status and assay or biological matrix.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across fifteen case-control studies, ADHD was associated with a consistent shift towards oxidative imbalance. Oxidative damage was higher in ADHD for MDA (g = 0.32, 95% CI 0.18-0.46), 8-OHdG (g = 0.27, 0.10-0.44), TOS (g = 0.35, 0.20-0.50) and OSI (g = 0.31, 0.16-0.46). Antioxidant capacity was reduced for TAS (sign-inverted g = 0.25, 0.08-0.42) and SOD (sign-inverted g = 0.22, 0.05-0.39), whereas GPx and CAT showed no consistent differences. Heterogeneity was low to moderate, with no evidence of publication bias. Effects were larger in drug-naïve paediatric samples than in adults or treated cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ADHD is associated with a small-to-moderate redox imbalance, most pronounced in untreated paediatric populations. These findings support oxidative-antioxidant dysregulation as a biologically meaningful dimension of ADHD and provide a framework for understanding heterogeneity in psychopharmacological response.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 3","pages":"225-232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13316887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Attachment Styles and Internal Working Models in Relation to Physical and Mental Health in an Italian Sample.","authors":"Carmen Trumello, Angela Ferrucci, Lucia Lombardi, Milena Mancini, Ilaria Basadonne, Silvio Mignogna, Camilla Milano, Tânia Brandão, Alessandra Babore","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260301","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>this study, grounded in attachment theory and situated within the debate between categorical and dimensional approaches to attachment, aims to pursue two complementary objectives: firstly, to examine the differences in physical and mental health across different attachment styles; secondly, to analyze the specific contribution of internal working models (IWMs) in explaining these variations, allowing for an integrated interpretation of the results.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>a total of 548 Italian adults participated in the study by completing self-report questionnaires assessing the aforementioned study variables. For the first aim, univariate analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were conducted to test differences in physical and mental health according to different attachment styles; for the second aim, multiple linear regression analyses were performed by including physical and mental health as dependent variables and IWMs of the self and IWMs of others as potential explanatory variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the findings suggest that individuals with secure and dismissing attachment styles, both characterized by positive IWMs of the self, report better mental health when compared to those with preoccupied and fearful patterns, who are characterized by negative IWMs of the self. As for the second aim, IWMs of the self emerged as a substantially stronger predictor of mental health than IWMs of others. No associations were found with physical health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>overall, the findings highlight the central role of attachment in adult mental health from an integrative perspective. While the categorical approach reveals clear differences in mental health across attachment styles, the dimensional analyses indicate that IWMs of the self constitute the primary mechanism underlying these differences. These results support the value of combining categorical and dimensional approaches to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between attachment and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 3","pages":"225-232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13316890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Academic Stress and Student Suicide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Manish Tyagi, Vinod Kumar Singh, Hare Krishna, Ajay Kumar","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260205","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Academic stress has been increasingly identified as a possible risk factor for suicidal behavior among students at all levels of education and in international settings. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the existing evidence for the association between academic stress and suicidal ideation and behavior.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic search was performed across six databases, viz., PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, from inception until May 2025. The criteria for study inclusion necessitated them to quantitatively measure academic stress and suicide-related outcomes, viz., suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, among adolescent or young adult student groups. Data extraction involved demographic details, measurement tools for stress and suicidality, statistical findings, and covariate adjustments. The AXIS tool was applied to evaluate the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.4.1, employing a random-effects model to estimate pooled mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes and odds ratios (OR) for dichotomous outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>10 cross-sectional studies were included in the review. Academic stress was measured with a range of instruments, mostly self-report questionnaires. Most studies reported suicidal ideation as the main outcome, and fewer used suicide attempts or probability estimates. There were distinct methodological variations in stress severity classification, psychologic or academic confounder adjustment, and psychometric properties reporting. Pooled mean difference between females and males in academic stress was nonsignificant (MD=10.38; 95% CI: -6.34 to 27.09; p=0.22), as was between suicidal ideation (MD=14.43; 95% CI: -22.16 to 51.02; p=0.44). Overall continuous outcomes were also nonsignificant (MD=12.38; 95% CI: -3.70 to 28.47; p=0.13). The pooled odds ratios for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, however, were statistically significant (OR=0.01; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.02 and OR=0.00; 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.02 respectively; both p<0.0001) indicating a correlation with increased academic stress. Additionally, there was extremely large heterogeneity in most of the pooled analyses (I²> 98%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of academic stress had a strong association with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in dichotomous outcome models. However, continuous outcomes did not yield significant differences in the two genders. Associations that were found were confounded by measurement instrument variability, not making proper adjustments for psychiatric and academic confounders, and methodological differences in studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 2","pages":"165-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13116285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Serum Adropin Levels and Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Safinaz Abousamra, Mohammed M El Arman, Hossam Arafa Ghazi, Heba Shereif El-Sobky, E Hatata","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260203","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite promising data from rodent models demonstrating a link between adropin deficiency and cognitive dysfunction, in-depth examinations of such an association in humans are lacking. Accordingly, the present study investigated the relationship between serum adropin levels and cognitive function in a sample of elderly individuals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 90 elderly (≥ 65 years of age) participants from geriatric outpatient clinics at Mansoura University (Mansoura City, Egypt), who were classified with normal cognition, mild neurocognitive disorder/mild cognitive impairment, or major neurocognitive disorder/dementia according to criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders, Fifth Edition. Assessments included a comprehensive geriatric evaluation, cognitive testing, and measurement of serum adropin levels and metabolic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate regression (R²= 0.464) revealed that serum adropin (β = 3.09, p < 0.001), education ≥ 4 years (β = 1.47, p = 0.040), and total cholesterol level (β = -0.02, p = 0.004) were independently associated with Mini-Mental State Examination scores. Adropin levels ≤ 1.9 ng/mL yielded 90.2% sensitivity and 95.9% specificity for discriminating cognitive impairment (mild cognitive impairment and dementia), and ≤ 1.6 ng/mL specifically for dementia, with 83.3% sensitivity and 93.1% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower serum adropin levels were significantly associated with cognitive impairment in elderly individuals, with strong diagnostic discriminative ability (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.993). However, larger-scale longitudinal studies are required to establish causality and validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 2","pages":"144-153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13116292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informal Caregivers As True Partners In Mental Health Recovery: Is It Time For A Complete Rewrite?","authors":"Shyhrete Rexhaj, Jocelyn Deloyer, Philippe Golay, Laurence Fond-Harmant, Jérôme Favrod, Charles Bonsack, Yasser Khazaal, Camille Gaglio, Alexandra Nguyen, Krzysztof Skuza, Margarita Maraitou, Hélène Wilquin, Romain Rey, Spyridon Zormpas, Christian Burr, Aurélie Clement-Perritaz, Romuald Droczinski, Monique Corbaz, Christian Pfister, André Decreane, Donatella Marazziti","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260201","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This viewpoint highlights the indispensable role of informal caregivers in mental health recovery. The authors note that mental disorders affect around one in eight people worldwide, with major impacts on family quality of life and substantial health system costs. Informal caregivers are advocated not as peripheral supporters, but as key partners in care pathways, to be recognized in public policies and clinical practice. Scientific evidence shows their involvement reduces relapses, isolation, and hospitalization rates. This viewpoint identifies significant psychosocial risks facing informal caregivers and stresses the need for tailored support measures. The authors underscore the need for comprehensive support measures, clearer institutional recognition, ethically balanced information-sharing practices, structured educational initiatives, and more rigorous research and evaluation frameworks. Five priority areas are proposed for transforming care models: recognition, support, ethics, education, and research. Neglecting informal caregivers weakens mental health systems, whereas including them helps build more humane, effective, and resilient approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 2","pages":"131-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13116291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences and Psychological Assessments in Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Harvey Sudharta, Marson Putra, Ika Suswanti, Kevin Kristian, Isadora Gracia Sahusilawane, Jimmy Fransisco Abadinta Barus","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260207","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mental illnesses often coexist with pain, forming a vicious cycle that exacerbate disabilities. Existing sex biases and conflicting study results remain contentious. The primary outcome of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare different psychological assessment scores across sexes in chronic pain populations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We performed a systematic review of the association of mental health outcomes among different sexes in the chronic pain population based on a comprehensive search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and EBSCOhost. A meta-analysis was conducted based on available data to clarify the association between psychological test results and sex differences. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI tool) was used to verify the quality of the evidence. The Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% were used to determine the association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine cross-sectional studies were included in the meta-analysis (3,003 participants), comprising four anxiety and eight depression assessments. The JBI tool rated all studies as high quality. The analysis showed that females had significantly lower anxiety scores (SMD - 0.10; p = 0.03) with chronic pain. The depression scores did not differ between sexes (SMD 0.13; p = 0.20).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that females had significantly lower anxiety scores than males in chronic pain populations, with no differences in depression. Therefore, care should unbiasedly address the pain experience and mental health in males, which is often underrecognized among chronic pain sufferers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 2","pages":"193-204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13116280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147784947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Psychological Trauma Affects Cognitive Functions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Patrizia Velotti, Guyonne Rogier, Francesca Favieri, Giuseppe Forte, Sara Beomonte Zobel, Stefania Cataudella, Claudia Civilla, Anna Velotti, Margherita Balladori, Andrea Capone, Emanuela Salati, Martina Salzillo, Micaela Sepe Monti, Marco Toccaceli Blasi, Marco Canevelli, Maria Casagrande, Giuseppe Bruno","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260208","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20260208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Promising research has investigated the relationships between psychological trauma and cognitive impairments, resulting in deficits of information processing, attention or memory. From a clinical point of view, investigations regarding the potential associations between cognitive outcomes and trauma appear useful to draw informed clinical indications for practitioners. However, the current lack of systematization of the existing literature makes difficult to frame in a comprehensive perspective the results brought by empirical research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>PRISMA principles were used to perform a systematic search on MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Studies were screened and selected using inclusion/exclusion criteria defined in a PICOS format.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search identified 75.245 records and led to the final inclusion of 29 independent contributions assessing between-group differences considering differences according to trauma exposure or posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis. After the extraction and codification of information and the computation of effect sizes, a series of meta-analyses were performed using a random effects model. Data confirm a significant impact of psychological trauma on cognitive domains, indicating that individuals who experienced traumas show worse cognitive functioning, particularly in the attention and executive functions domains. Moreover, meta-analyses reported that in the case of posttraumatic stress disorder, there are more cognitive domains impaired, including memory, processing speed, visuospatial processing, and global cognitive functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study confirms a direct association between trauma and cognitive functioning, suggesting the importance of further studies examining the characteristics of the traumatic experience to provide clear clinical guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"23 2","pages":"205-224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13116289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147785330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}