Clinical Neuropsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"On the Relationship Between Alexithymia and Social Cognition: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Marialaura Di Tella, Agata Benfante, Lorys Castelli, Mauro Adenzato, Rita B Ardito","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240402","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review summarises the studies that have investigated the relationship between dimensions of social cognition (i.e., Theory of Mind - ToM, emotion recognition, and empathy) and alexithymia in the general adult non-clinical population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were screened, using the following strings: (\"alexithymi*\") AND (\"theory of mind\" OR \"ToM\"); (\"alexithymi*\") AND (\"empath*\"); (\"alexithymi*\") AND (\"emotion recognition\"); (\"alexithymi*\") AND (\"social cognition\").</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 117 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The total number of participants included in the reviewed studies was 40,231. Mixed results were found for alexithymia and ToM, while the relationship between emotion recognition or empathy and alexithymia was more homogeneous. Alexithymia was found to be significantly associated with both a reduced ability to recognise emotions and empathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results support the existence of significant relationships between alexithymia and altered social cognitive abilities. Future research is needed to confirm the present findings and further elucidate the complex relationship between these processes. Suggestions are made on how to overcome some of the theoretical and methodological problems in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 4","pages":"236-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in Gambling Disorder: Results from an Italian Multicentric Study.","authors":"Nicolaja Girone, Ivan Limosani, Camilla Ciliberti, Martina Turco, Laura Longo, Maria Adele Colletti, Maddalena Cocchi, Gianmaria Zita, Mara Ida Fiocchi, Beatrice Benatti, Caterina Viganò, Mauro Percudani, Bernardo Dell'Osso","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240407","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although gender-specific evidence on Gambling Disorder (GD) is still limited, some studies reported specific differences, mainly in psychopathological profiles, gambling behavior patterns, and pathogenesis. In order to further examine the role of gender in GD, we conducted a multicenter investigation in a sample of Italian outpatients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>One hundred-four outpatients with a diagnosis of GD based on DSM-5 criteria were consecutively recruited at two clinics based in Milan. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were collected for the whole sample and analyzed for the effect of gender. The severity of illness was assessed using the Canadian Problem Gambling Index and the Gambling Attitudes and Beliefs (GABS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among females, a significantly higher mean age (52.23 ± 10.95 vs. 40.96 ± 15.76; p=0.005) and older age at illness onset emerged (43.5 ± 11.92 vs. 29.22 ± 14.26; p<0.001). Females showed a significantly higher rate of psychiatric comorbidities, lifetime suicide ideation, stressful events at GD onset, and positive family history for GD compared to males. A predictive effect of male gender was found for the GABS questionnaires by performing a linear regression model, with males showing a higher risk to reach higher scores compared to females (B= 11.833; t=2.177; p=0.034).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study seems to confirm the hypotheses that gender in GD may influence psychopathological profiles, course, and comorbidity. GD in female gender is frequently a comorbid condition with other specific clinical characteristics compared to males. Identifying specific clinical factors by gender may prompt more focus on the public health of women in relation to gambling, while still recognizing that males are at-risk of earlier gambling problems. These findings should be considered in therapeutic perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 4","pages":"313-322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Euthymia, Psychological Well-Being, and Professional Quality of Life in Health Care Workers.","authors":"Emanuele Maria Merlo, Federica Sicari, Liam Alexander MacKenzie Myles, Salvatore Settineri","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240403","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Euthymia is a transdiagnostic construct characterized by the presence of positive mood states, psychological flexibility and resilience. These components contribute to psychological wellbeing and support mental functioning. Exposure to suffering and high levels of stress can lead to the onset of burnout and secondary traumatic stress, but also lack of compassion satisfaction. The study aimed to test the existing relationships between euthymia, psychological well-being, and factors associated with quality of life of healthy participants involved in medical settings.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample was composed of 177 healthy participants involved in medical settings, 118 women (66.7%) and 59 men (33.3%) aged between 19 and 69 years old (mean = 27.16; SD = 8.47). Standardized psychodiagnostics instruments were used to assess euthymia (Euthymia Scale-ES), psychological well-being (The Well-Being Index scale-WHO-5) and the quality of life of the involved participants (Professional Quality of Life Measure-ProQOL-5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that gender, well-being and psychological well-being were predictors of compassion satisfaction and secondary traumatic stress. Specifically, female gender predicted higher levels of compassion satisfaction. Well-being and psychological flexibility predicted higher levels of compassion satisfaction and lower secondary traumatic stress. Psychological well-being predicted higher levels of compassion satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Promoting euthymia and well-being helps individuals to preserve psychological well-being and increase tolerance to stressful life situations. Results highlighted the need for promoting health care professionals' euthymia and well-being. In line with evidence, encouraging interventions based on evidence appears relevant.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 4","pages":"266-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychopathic Traits and Romantic Attachment: The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation.","authors":"Flavia Spagnuolo, Antonella Somma, Andrea Fossati, Martin Sellbom, Carlo Garofalo","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240406","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research so far has investigated the bivariate relationships between psychopathic traits, romantic attachment, and emotion dysregulation. However, no research thus far has examined these concepts in their interrelatedness. The aim of the present study was therefore to shed light on the possible linking mechanisms among these concepts, examining the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in the psychopathic traits-romantic attachment link.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present study was based on an undergraduate (N = 238, M age = 20.36 years) and a community sample (N = 521, M age = 35.27 years) from the Dutch population. Participants were administered self-report measures of psychopathic traits (measured with both the Self-Report Psychopathy Short-Form and the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure), emotion dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - Brief Version) and romantic attachment (Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised). Correlation analyses and mediation analyses using a bootstrapping approach were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that all the dimensions of psychopathic traits were related to both romantic attachment avoidance and anxiety, and that emotion dysregulation mediated all these associations (with only few exceptions). Except for boldness, all other dimensions of psychopathic traits were related to greater emotion dysregulation and, in turn, to insecure romantic attachment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is argued that the role of emotion regulation processes deserves more attention for the theoretical and clinical understanding of psychopathic traits and their correlates in the interpersonal domain, such as romantic attachment (in)security. When their interrelationships will be better understood, emotion regulation and attachment could represent relevant targets for intervention with individuals presenting psychopathic traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 4","pages":"299-312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary Experience and Problematic Social Media Use Among Young Adults: A Systematic Review with Recommendations for Future Research.","authors":"Mattia Pezzi, Paola Corsano, Gianluca Santoro, Alessio Gori, Manuel Gámez-Guadix, Alessandro Musetti","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240405","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to summarize existing studies on the association between solitary experiences and problematic social media use (PSMU) among young adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines, implemented in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and PsycINFO. We selected studies if they presented original data, assessed solitary experiences and PSMU in young adults (i.e., 18-30 age range), were published in peer reviewed journals between 2004 and 2023, and were written in English.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After duplicate removal, 1,841 eligible studies were found. From these, 12 articles were selected, encompassing 4,009 participants. Most studies showed a positive association between general loneliness and PSMU. Some of these suggested that this relationship varies based on the facets of loneliness, other potential variables, and the type of social media. No mediating factors were found. Few studies assessed solitary experiences other than general loneliness, highlighting the need for a multidimensional perspective on solitary experience in investigating PSMU.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Implications and future research orientations are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 4","pages":"284-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11411510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood Trauma, Mentalization and Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms in a Non-Clinical Sample: A Mediation Analysis Study.","authors":"Elena De Rossi, Claudio Imperatori, Francesco Sciancalepore, Elisabeth Prevete, Annalisa Maraone, Marco Canevelli, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Massimo Pasquini, Benedetto Farina, Francesco Saverio Bersani","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240305","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obsessive and compulsive symptoms (OCS) are cross-cutting psychopathological manifestations frequently detected in a variety of clinical and non-clinical samples. It has been suggested that impaired mentalization abilities and traumatic experiences during childhood may be relevant etiopathogenetic factors in the development of OCS. The purpose of the current study was to cross-sectionally assess these variables in a non-clinical sample, testing the mediational role of mentalization abilities in the association between childhood trauma (CT) and OCS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>667 participants (488 females; mean age= 29.76 ± 11.87 years; age range: 18-80) answered a survey including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Mentalization Questionnaire and the Obsession-Compulsion subscale of the Brief Symptom Inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mediation model was significant for the total effect (p< .001), showing that CT was positively associated with OCS (95% CI: .006; .019) and that this association was mediated by reduced levels of mentalization capacity (95% CI: .003; .009). Such results were significant controlling for potential sociodemographic and clinical confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings contribute to elucidate the complex relationships between CT, mentalization capacity, and OCS, supporting the possibility that mentalization impairments, arising from CT, may affect top-down control mechanisms thus contributing to the development of OCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 3","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11277695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deontological Guilt Mediates the Effects of Personality on the Symptoms of Romantic Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (ROCD).","authors":"Luigi Tinella, Elisabetta Ricciardi, Teresa Cosentino, Alessandro Oronzo Caffò, Guy Doron, Andrea Bosco, Francesco Mancini","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240306","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder (ROCD), a clinical variant of OCD, is associated with personality traits and guilt sensitivity. Previous studies have not investigated whether the guilt associated with ROCD stems from deontological or altruistic morality. The main aim of the present study was to explore the differentiated impact of deontological and altruistic guilt on ROCD symptoms in romantic relationships. The study also aimed to test the mediating role of guilt in the relationships between personality traits and ROCD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Through linear regressions and path analysis, we examined the results of an online survey administered to 659 emerging adults, assessing the Big-5 personality traits, ROCD symptoms, and the moral orientation of guilt feelings (deontological/altruistic).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed the negative influence of agreeableness and emotionality on ROCD symptoms. Moral dirtiness, as a facet of deontological moral orientation, was found to mediate the effects of personality predictors on relationship-centred but not on partner-focused ROCD symptoms, providing support for differential diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide a clearer understanding of the cognitive determinants that sustain ROCD symptoms and offer evidence on associated personality traits. These results may represent a valuable source of knowledge for researchers as well as clinical therapists dealing with ROCD symptoms, couple disorders, and sexual dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 3","pages":"205-216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Skills Interventions for Adolescents with Level 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Antonio Narzisi, Gianluca Sesso, Maddalena Fabbri-Destro, Stefano Berloffa, Pamela Fantozzi, Rosy Muccio, Gianina Bruzzi, Stefano Scatigna, Elena Valente, Valentina Viglione, Annarita Milone, Samuele Cortese, Gabriele Masi","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240302","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evidence on the efficacy of social skills training for adolescents with Level 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is unclear.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We searched Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science until July 27th, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of social skills training for pre-adolescents and adolescents (aged 9-18) with Level 1 ASD. We then pooled data on efficacy from individual RCTs by conducting multivariate mixed-effects meta-analyses in R. We estimated possible bias in the retained RCTs using the RoB2 tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We retained 36 RCTs (encompassing 2796 participants), including 18 RCTs comparing an experimental treatment to a waiting list, and 18 RCTs comparing it to standard care/control treatment. Meta-analyses showed that experimental treatments were significantly more efficacious than waiting list or standard care/ control treatments in improving social skills (SMD = 0.3745; 95%CI = [0.2396; 0.5093]), as well as reducing behavioral symptoms (0.3154;0.1783, 0.4525) and anxious/depressive symptoms (0.2780; 0.0432, 0.5128). However, for some outcomes there was significant heterogeneity across studies and evidence of publication bias. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions did not identify any specific clinical or demographic factors as significant predictors of outcome. The most common risk of bias across studies was related to deviations from intended interventions and measurement of the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At the group level, social skills training for adolescents with Level 1 ASD is efficacious, with small-to-moderate effect size. Future research should focus on personalized medicine approaches, aimed at tailoring interventions to specific characteristics of adolescents with Level 1 ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 3","pages":"169-181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Article Highlights.","authors":"Federico Mucci","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 3","pages":"157-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle Dysmorphia in Gym-Going Men: The Role of Narcissism Vulnerability and Perfectionism.","authors":"Hasan Emre Kandemir, Annarosa Cipriano, Marco Scotto Rosato, Barış Önen Ünsalver, Margherita Stabile, Stefania Cella","doi":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240303","DOIUrl":"10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Muscle dysmorphia (MD) refers to a pathological preoccupation with the idea that one's body is not lean and muscular enough. Literature suggests that vulnerable facet of narcissism and perfectionism are strongly related to the risk of developing MD symptoms. However, until now, there is a paucity of research exploring their relationship, which is the primary aim of this study.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 135 gym-going Turkish males (Mage=24.99, SD=5.38; range=18-43 years) who completed a packet of self-report questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the sample, 51 (37.8%) were at risk for MD. A mediation model analysis revealed that vulnerable narcissism has an indirect relationship with the MD risk that is likely to be expressed via perfectionism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed a higher risk for MD among gym-going males and provided new insight into MD's understanding. It appears that a narcissistic flaw and perfectionistic traits may be particularly salient factors to consider in both preventing and treating MD symptomatology within high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46700,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry","volume":"21 3","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}