Journal of Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Impact of high myopia on visual disability and its causes in a Spanish cohort.","authors":"Pablo Arlanzon-Lope, Daniel Fernandez-Pedruelo, Belén Alvarez-Arauzo, Ruben Cuadrado-Asensio, Maria Teresa Del Alamo-Martin, Rosa Maria Coco-Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate visual disability (VD) and associated functional limitations in a Spanish High Myopia (HM) cohort using various disability scales and to identify the main causes of this disability and its impact on daily life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study reviewed HM (spherical equivalent (SE)≤-6 D) adults clinical records at IOBA from January 2023 to June 2024. Exclusion criteria included incomplete data and having different pathologies other than pathologic myopia. VD was classified using ICD-10, ICD-11, and Wecker scales. R was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analysed 600 eyes from 300 patients (73.7 % women, mean age 57.6 ± 15.3 years, mean SE -13.04 ± 6.03 D, mean LogMAR visual acuity 0.52 ± 0.72). According to ICD-11, 7.6 % had mild VD, 12.3 % moderate, 4.7 % severe, and 2.7 % were blind. Wecker scale showed 46.7 % had VD. VD patients were older (p-value= 5.81 × 10^-17) and had more negative SE (p-value=7.96 × 10^-13). No sex differences in VD or pathology frequency were found. Myopic macular atrophy (MMA) (OR=7.816), retinal detachment (OR=3.956), amblyopia (OR=3.455), neovascularization (OR=2.668), SE (OR=1.115), and age (OR=1.040) were statistically significant key factors (p-value<0.05) for greater VD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a significant VD in a Spanish HM cohort being MMA the main cause. Age and SE were found to be relevant factors, as well.This helps to indentify patients more in need of visual rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"100571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of corneal biomechanics in post-smile, post-LASEK, and normal eyes with Brillouin microscopy","authors":"Yanze Yu ,&nbsp;Jian Cao ,&nbsp;Yong Ma ,&nbsp;Yongle Bao ,&nbsp;Lingling Niu ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Wang ,&nbsp;Xingtao Zhou ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To characterize corneal biomechanics in post-small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), post-laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), and normal eyes using Brillouin microscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included myopic patients who underwent corneal refractive surgery (SMILE or LASEK) at least 1 month prior to ensure corneal stability. A total of 177 eyes (79 post-SMILE, 24 post-LASEK, and 74 untreated normal eyes) from 177 patients were evaluated using Pentacam HR and Brillouin microscopy for morphological and biomechanical assessment, respectively. Among them, 30 eyes (20 post-SMILE and 10 post-LASEK) from 30 participants underwent both pre- and post-operative Brillouin and Pentacam examinations, enabling within-subject comparisons. Corneal biomechanics were assessed using Brillouin modulus (BM), where lower values indicate weaker biomechanical properties.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences were observed in Central BM, Mean BM, or Max BM among the groups. Compared with the normal eyes, Min BM was significantly lower in the post-SMILE and post-LASEK groups (<em>P</em> = 0.004 and 0.002, respectively) and Max–Min BM significantly increased after SMILE and LASEK (both <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In post-SMILE corneas, standardized deviation BM was significantly higher than in normal corneas (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Within-subjects comparisons (pre- vs post-operation) further confirmed above results. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between Central BM and post-operative corneal thickness in post-SMILE corneas (coefficient = –0.016, <em>P</em> = 0.025). In the post-LASEK group, Max-Min BM showed a positive correlation with mean corneal curvature (coefficient = 0.031, <em>P</em> = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SMILE and LASEK can induce localized changes in corneal biomechanics, as observed by Brillouin microscopy, while maintaining overall corneal biomechanics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 100579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of corneal reconstruction between CASIA2 and Pentacam: Impact on IOL power calculation","authors":"Iñaki Blanco-Martínez ,&nbsp;Juan Queiruga-Piñeiro ,&nbsp;Ignacio Rodríguez-Uña ,&nbsp;Miguel Faria-Ribeiro ,&nbsp;José Manuel González-Méijome","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This research aims to comprehensively compare the outcomes of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (CASIA2) and Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam) for computational reconstruction of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces. A secondary objective is to evaluate their clinical relevance in estimating intraocular lens (IOL) power. Through this analysis, the distinct advantages of each technology are highlighted, providing insights into their complementary roles in enhancing ophthalmic modelling capabilities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 65 right eyes of 65 subjects (52 females and 13 males) with a mean age of 34 ± 8 years were studied across two separate sessions. Geometric parameters were extracted by fitting a biconic surface to the elevation maps obtained from both devices. Intra- and inter-session variability, as well as inter-device variability, were analyzed. Additionally, IOL power calculations were performed to evaluate the clinical applicability of each imaging system.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the anterior corneal surface, CASIA2 showed greater intra-session variability compared to Pentacam, whereas Pentacam demonstrated higher variability for the posterior surface. However, inter-session variability was similar for both devices on both surfaces.</div><div>Inter-device variability revealed close agreement for the anterior surface, while the posterior surface exhibited more variability. On the other hand, while IOL power calculations showed statistically significant differences (Δ = 0.35 D; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), these were not clinically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pentacam may offer greater precision in reconstructing the anterior corneal surface. However, its clinical impact on both anterior and posterior corneal surface reconstruction appears minimal, with both devices providing comparable results for IOL power calculations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of weekly unilateral application of 1% atropine on reducing anisometropia in Chinese children with low myopia","authors":"Jing Lu,&nbsp;Wen Long,&nbsp;Bingru Zheng,&nbsp;Ziqi Liang,&nbsp;Fei Hou,&nbsp;Dongmei Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy of weekly unilateral application of 1 % atropine on reducing anisometropia in Chinese children with low myopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective cohort study, anisometropic children aged 6–12 years receiving atropine in the more myopic eye for at least 3 months were included in atropine group (<em>n</em> = 150), and baseline matched counterparts without atropine use were included in control group (<em>n</em> = 50). Changes in spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and other biometric parameters between each visits were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At 3 months, anisometropia of atropine group reduced by 0.737 ± 0.030 D (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with SER increasing by 0.528 ± 0.024 D and AL decreasing by 0.118 ± 0.008 mm in the atropine-treated eyes. The changes of SER and AL of the contralateral eyes between the two groups showed no significant difference (<em>P</em> = 0.489 and 0.107, respectively). Initial SER in the atropine-treated eyes was positively associated with the change of SER in those eyes (<em>P</em> = 0.042) and negatively associated with the change of anisometropia in atropine group (<em>P</em> = 0.048). With continuous atropine application for 9 months, anisometropia reduced by 1.212 ± 0.153 D (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Weekly unilateral 1 % atropine application in the more myopic eye was effective for reducing anisometropia in children with low myopia and would not alter myopia progression in the contralateral eye. Children with lower initial myopia in the treated eye showed more alleviation of myopia in that eye and more reduction of anisometropia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular pressure values in the Iberian Peninsula: epidemiological study and influencing factors","authors":"B. Palma ,&nbsp;A. Lazaro ,&nbsp;J.M. Lopez ,&nbsp;P. Lata ,&nbsp;C. Baños ,&nbsp;I. Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of this study is to provide an update on the intraocular pressure measurements in Iberian Peninsula in order to elucidate their relationships with other clinical factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multicentric cross-sectional prospective study was carried out on patients attending General Optica centres in Spain and Portugal in collaboration with the University of Valladolid. This study included healthy patients with 18 years and older. Intraocular pressure measurements were taken with different air tonometers for one week. A descriptive statistical analysis of the collected data was then performed to discover possible correlations with intraocular pressure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistically significant differences in the intraocular pressure of the right eye and left eye between patients under 35 years of age and those over 64 years of age were found. An increase in intraocular pressure was also observed in the group with a family history of glaucoma (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and aged over 45 years. Furthermore, intraocular pressure was significantly higher in patients with high blood pressure in the 45–65 age range. The standardised coefficients of variation showed that the variables most strongly related to intraocular pressure were time, followed by a family history of glaucoma and high blood pressure. The variables that had a statistically significant correlation with the intraocular pressure value were the time of measurement and a history of glaucoma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Intraocular pressure increases with age, and among the variables studied, high blood pressure and family history of glaucoma were the most important risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the urgency of air pollution control to manage chronic eye rubbing and probable risk of keratoconus.","authors":"Ebrahim Shirzadeh, Nematullah Shomoossi, Hadi Hasani","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"100554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and clinical profile of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies in the Nepalese population: A hospital-based study.","authors":"Santosh Chhetri, Rupesh Poudel, Srijana Adhikari, Umesh Belbase, Mario Cantó-Cerdán, Manish Poudel, Suraj Thapa","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify the prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies in a systematically randomized sample of symptomatic, non-presbyopic subjects from a tertiary hospital, using a broader range of diagnostics signs.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>The study was designed as hospital-based, cross-sectional, and analytical and was conducted from March 2022 to April 2023. Systematic random sampling was employed to select the subjects. Symptomatic subjects aged between 18 and 35 years with best-corrected visual acuity of 6/6 in each eye and no change in refractive error during the subjective refraction were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 231 subjects examined, 91 (39.39 %) were found to have non strabismic binocular vision anomalies. Of all the non strabismic binocular vision anomalies, 60 subjects (26 %) had binocular dysfunctions, 22 (9.5 %) had accommodative dysfunctions, and 9 (3.9 %) had both accommodative and binocular dysfunctions. The most common dysfunction was convergence insufficiency (18.2 %), followed by accommodative infacility (6.06 %) and fusional vergence dysfunction (3.9 %). The most prevalent symptom was headache (16.7 %), followed by visual fatigue (14.1 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Two-fifths of the symptomatic subjects have non strabismic binocular vision anomalies. It is essential to assess all accommodative and binocular parameters in order to arrive at a diagnosis of non strabismic binocular vision anomalies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"100575"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a progressive multifocal soft contact lens in myopia management in Caucasian children: A two-year follow-up","authors":"Sergio Díaz-Gómez ,&nbsp;Amaia Urkia-Solorzano ,&nbsp;José A. López-Garrido ,&nbsp;Mercedes Burgos-Martínez ,&nbsp;Jesús Carballo-Álvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate myopia progression as assessed by changes in axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) from baseline in Caucasian children wearing multifocal soft contact lenses (MCL) compared to single-vision distance spectacles. Methods: Forty progressing (at least -0.75D increase in previous 12 months) myopic children (7–12 years old) with SE ranging from -0.75 to -4.50 D were recruited in a longitudinal prospective non-randomized study. 20 were fitted with MCL (+2.50D add), whereas 20 wore single-vision distance spectacles. Cycloplegic refraction was measured with an auto-refractometer (Topcon TRK-2P, Japan) and AL with IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss, Germany). Subjective responses related to vision and comfort of MCL wear were determined with a questionnaire scaled from 0 (very poor) to 10 (excellent). Results: After 2 years, mean change in SE/AL in the MCL group was - 0.82±0.25D/0.51±0.02 mm and -1.12±0.14D/0.66±0.03 mm in the spectacles group (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Cumulative Absolute Reduction in Axial Elongation (CARE) was 0.15 mm. Difference in SE change was 0.30D. 97.5 % of children in the spectacles group showed an AL increase of between 0.61 and 0.70, and 70 % of eyes showed an SE increase of −1.00 D. In the MCL group, there was no case with an elongation &gt;0.60 mm, with 67.5 % of eyes being between 0.51 and 0.60 mm. In contrast, over half of the MCL group exhibited lower SE progression, from 0.50 to 0.75 D. Conclusion: A slower myopia progression rate was achieved with a centre distance MCL with +2.50D addition after two years of wear compared with the spectacles group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal and choroidal microvasculature and structural analysis in OCTA for refractive amblyopia diagnosis using machine learning","authors":"Xinlong Liu ,&nbsp;Caihong Xue ,&nbsp;Mengdi Li ,&nbsp;Yatu Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the features of retinal and choroidal microcirculation and structure in patients with amblyopia compared to healthy adolescents of the same age (&gt;10 years old). To classify and diagnose amblyopia using machine learning techniques on optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA) images.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nineteen adolescents aged 11–17 with hyperopic refractive amblyopia and 22 age-matched healthy controls underwent 12 × 12 mm macular OCTA scans. The eyes were classified into three groups: amblyopic, contralateral non-amblyopic, and control. Retinal thickness (RT), choroidal thickness (ChT), and perfusion densities in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were measured across nine regions. A combination of statistical analysis and machine learning, including cross-validation and Random Forest classification, was used to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and classify amblyopic and normal eyes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Retinal thickness was significantly higher in the amblyopic eyes compared to the control group in multiple regions, including the central (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), nasal (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), and temporal zones(<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Choroidal thickness was also greater in the amblyopic eyes, particularly in the central and nasal regions (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the perfusion densities of SCP and DCP. The machine learning classification model incorporating cross-validation achieved an accuracy of 92%, with Random Forest demonstrating improved classification and feature importance analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results indicate that eyes with refractive amblyopia have notably thicker retinal and choroidal layers, particularly in the central and nasal regions. Combining OCTA data with machine learning creates a strong diagnostic framework for detecting changes in the retina and choroid associated with refractive amblyopia. Utilizing sophisticated classification methods, like Random Forest and cross-validation, improves diagnostic precision and presents new possibilities for automated clinical evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 100555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply from the authors to: The correlation between relative peripheral refraction and myopia progression: A commentary on the utility of retinoscopy for peripheral refraction assessment","authors":"Maciej Perdziak ,&nbsp;Krystian Prymula ,&nbsp;Anna Przekoracka-Krawczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 100549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}