Journal of Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of an algorithm-based combination device for objective and subjective refraction: accuracy and efficiency across examiner experience levels","authors":"Antonia Roth ,&nbsp;Katharina Breher ,&nbsp;Niklas Domdei ,&nbsp;Jonas Müller ,&nbsp;Siegfried Wahl","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>A novel combination device for objective and subjective refraction was assessed regarding repeatability, reproducibility, validity, vision quality, and timing for experienced and untrained examiners.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six examiners (each three trained optometrists and untrained examiners) examined 33 healthy participants for objective and subjective refraction. The ZEISS VISUCORE 500 (VC) objective and subjective refraction combination device with an algorithm-based guided and regular custom mode was compared to a conventional control procedure (wavefront aberrometer and phoropter).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the objective measurement of spherical equivalent refractive error (SE), VC shows good repeatability (≤ ±0.29 D) and reproducibility (≤ ±0.28 D) across all examiners versus control (±0.34 D and ≤ ±0.30 D, respectively), measured only by trained examiners. VC measures slightly negative objective refractions for SE with a mean difference (MD) and 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of -0.07 ± 1.24 D analyzed for a trained examiner. Subjective refraction for VC guided and custom mode showed good repeatability (≤ ±0.64 D) and reproducibility (≤ ±0.59 D) regarding SE for the examiner level. The results were similar to control (±0.54 D and ±0.51 D, respectively) with MD and LoA of +0.12 ± 0.67 D and +0.14 ± 0.66 D for VC guided and custom for trained examiner level. No significant differences were observed in best-corrected visual acuity across the three refraction workflows (all p &gt; 0.05). The VC guided procedure was the most time-efficient, requiring less than 5 min of chair time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The tested combination refraction device provides reliable and efficient objective and subjective refraction measurements across trained and untrained examiners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 100580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing early diagnosis and treatment of acanthamoeba keratitis through corneal scraping","authors":"Wen-Hui Chang ,&nbsp;Yu-Wei Kuo ,&nbsp;Yu-Chih Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a sight-threatening disease, commonly associated with contact lens use. Early diagnosis is challenging due to its varied clinical presentation. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of AK and evaluate the utility of corneal scraping for early diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 14 eyes from 13 AK patients diagnosed by detecting Acanthamoeba cysts in corneal scrapings between July 2019 and August 2023. Clinical history, presentation, treatment, and outcomes were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the 13 patients was 28 ± 13 years. Ten patients used soft contact lenses and 3 patients used orthokeratology lenses. The mean time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 18.2 ± 12.9 days. The most common sign was elevated superficial punctate keratitis (SPK), followed by dot infiltrates, radial perineuritis, pseudodendrites, stromal edema, and ring infiltrates. Nine eyes were treated with polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) eye drops, while the remaining five eyes received a combination of two or three anti-amoebic agents. Thirteen eyes improved with treatment, but one eye—initially misdiagnosed and treated with steroids—required therapeutic keratoplasty. LogMAR visual acuity in eleven eyes improved from an initial 0.51 ± 0.44 to 0.11 ± 0.10 after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated SPK is the most frequent early feature of AK and may mimic contact lens-related sterile keratitis. Corneal scraping is a valuable diagnostic tool that enables earlier detection and improved outcomes. PHMB monotherapy is effective in early AK, while delayed diagnosis and prior steroid use may lead to disease progression and necessitate surgical intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 100566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifocal contact lenses and defocus incorporated multiple segments lenses slow myopic progression in Chinese children with high myopia","authors":"Mengdi Li ,&nbsp;Kailang Zhang ,&nbsp;Bi Hua ,&nbsp;Kevin T. Willeford ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Chen ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Lihua Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy of multifocal soft contact lenses (MFSCLs) and defocus incorporated multiple segments lenses (DIMS) to limit myopic progression in children with high myopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 249 children (aged 8-16 years) with high myopia (non-cycloplegic spherical equivalent [SE] −6.00 to −10.00 D, astigmatism &lt; 2.00 D). Selected participants were those treated with DIMS (N=81), MFSCLs (DISC, N=60), or single-vision spectacles (SVLs, N=108, control group). Myopic progression was assessed based on the 1-year SE change from baseline, categorized as slow (&lt;−0.25 D), moderate (−0.25 to −0.75 D), or rapid (&gt; −0.75 D). The multiple linear regression evaluated the association between myopic progression and characters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences in age, SE, or sex were found among the groups at baseline. At one year, the magnitude of myopic progression was significantly smaller in the DIMS (−0.47 ± 0.39 D, 33.8 %) groups and MFSCLs (−0.39 ± 0.47 D, 45.1 %) compared to the SVL group (−0.71 ± 0.54 D; P &lt; 0.001). The proportion of slow progressors was 28.40 % (SVLs), 39.81 % (DIMS), and 51.67 % (MFSCLs). Age was associated with the myopic progression in the DIMS (β=0.108, P &lt; 0.001) and SVLs (β=0.120, P &lt; 0.001) group, but not in the MFSCLs (P=0.776) group. MFSCLs were preferred for children under 12 years, while DIMS and MFSCLs showed comparable efficacy for those over 12 with high myopia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both MFSCLs and DIMS have demonstrated efficacy in delaying myopic progression in children with high myopia. The MFSCLs will give children better control up to the age of 12; after that, they remain a good option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 100588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of contact lens discomfort: from the clinic to the laboratory","authors":"Laura Valencia-Nieto ,&nbsp;María J. González García ,&nbsp;Alberto López-Miguel","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exact mechanisms underlying contact lens discomfort (CLD) remain unknown. CLD results from reduced compatibility between the lens and the ocular environment, and multiple factors can trigger discomfort when wearing the lens. Consequently, this narrative review aims to elucidate the symptoms, clinical signs (singly and in combination) and ocular surface inflammatory mediators associated with CLD. This information could be useful for improving CLD management strategies in the future. A literature search of the PubMed database revealed widespread use of dry eye questionnaires in contact lens (CL) wearers, however, the emerging use of specific questionnaires for CLD is considered more appropriate. Besides, several inflammatory mediators might play a role in the development of CLD. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the role of ocular surface inflammatory mediators involved in CLD to better understand this condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 100581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of 0.38% and 0.18% sodium hyaluronate ocular lubricants for dry eye: A randomized trial in adult gazan participants","authors":"Mohammed Aljarousha ,&nbsp;Ithar Beshtawi ,&nbsp;Waleed M. Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Noor Ezailina Badarudin ,&nbsp;Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin ,&nbsp;Muhammad Afzam Shah Abdul Rahim ,&nbsp;Mohd Zaki Awg Isa ,&nbsp;Fairuz Mohd Nordin ,&nbsp;Safaa M. Naes ,&nbsp;Emad IH Shaqoura ,&nbsp;Siti'Aishah binti Ismail ,&nbsp;Nahdiyah Azman ,&nbsp;Sara Attaallah ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdelfatah Alhoot ,&nbsp;Ali Riza Cenk Celebi","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the efficacy of two formulations of lubricant eye drops, containing a gelling agent or not, compared to normal saline. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, three-group, parallel, interventional single-site clinical study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-five Gazan participants with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED) were randomized into three groups of 15 participants each. Each group received either normal saline eye drops or lubricant eye drops. For each group, one drop was applied three times a day for six weeks. All participants applied the normal saline solution for the first week. The outcomes assessed were the Arab-ocular surface disease index (Arab-OSDI) scores and clinical tests including tear break-up time test (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and lissamine green conjunctival staining (LGS) at weeks 1, 3, and 6.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both formulations exhibited a significant improvement in Arab-OSDI scores from visit 2 at follow-up time points (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). TBUT, CFS, and LGS showed an improvement in both the SH 0.15% and SH 0.38% groups (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). SH 0.38% had a greater improvement in the proportion of evaporative dry eye from visit 2 to visit 5 (<em>p</em> = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lubricant eye drops are beneficial for alleviating the symptoms of dry eye. There was no noticeable difference in the effectiveness of these formulations in relieving symptoms and changing any of the objective signs that were assessed. Improved EDE outcomes occurred with SH 0.38% eye drops, observed between visit 2 and visit 5.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor concerning “Assessment of binocular vision and accommodation in myopic children wearing defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses for 24 months”","authors":"Nir Erdinest,&nbsp;Naama Bura","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100585","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of eye blink parameters during high and low-dynamic scenes in different video game genres","authors":"Marc Argilés ,&nbsp;Genis Cardona ,&nbsp;Maite Valentino","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Playing videogames involves prolonged screen exposure, potentially leading to ocular discomfort and altered eye blink behavior. However, until date, only action video game genres have been considered for their effects on blink rate and amplitude, compared to non-action video games. This study explored blink rate, amplitude, and regularity across video game genres and the influence of specific in-game scenes on blinking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty casual gamers (mean age 26.2 ± 4.6 years) were enrolled in the study. Blink parameters were recorded using the Pupil Core eye tracker while watching and playing three video games in random order: Call of Duty (Action), Sackboy (Adventure), and FIFA 19 (Sports). Blink rate, amplitude and regularity were analyzed during baseline, gameplay viewing and active play sessions. Blink parameters during high- and low-dynamic in-game scenes were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Blink rate significantly decreased during both gameplay viewing and active play compared to baseline (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The lowest blink rate was observed in action video games, but differences among genres did not reach statistical significance. No significant differences were found in incomplete blinks across conditions. Blink regularity was significantly different between game genres, with sports games showing the highest irregularity. Participants blinked less frequently during high-dynamic scenes across all genres (<em>p</em> = 0.007).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Blink rate was similarly reduced in all gameplay situations, although action games had the largest impact on blink irregularity. Incomplete blinks did not differ between genres. Blinks tended to occur less during high-dynamic in-game scenes across videogame genres, with potential implications on ocular discomfort and dryness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 100584"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saccadic eye movements in childhood: A pilot study comparing clinical eye tracker software and the NSUCO","authors":"Carmen Bilbao ,&nbsp;Alba Carrera ,&nbsp;Rosa Hernández-Andrés ,&nbsp;David P. Piñero ,&nbsp;Laura Remón Martín ,&nbsp;María José López-de-la-Fuente ,&nbsp;Josep-Oriol Casanovas-Marsal","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To explore differences in saccadic eye movements between children with oculomotor dysfunction and those in a control group across three age groups, using two assessment methods: the subjective Northeastern State University College of Optometry (NSUCO) Oculomotor test and objective analysis with the Tobii Eye X Eye Tracker (Tobii Eye X, Tobii, Stockholm, Sweden).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 31 children (ages 7–13) diagnosed with oculomotor dysfunction and 16 age-matched children in the control group. Participants were divided into three age groups: group 1 (7–8 years), group 2 (9–11 years), and group 3 (12–13 years). Saccadic eye movements were evaluated and compared using two methods: the NSUCO test and the Tobii Eye X eye tracker, along with specialized software analysis (Thomson Software Solutions, Welham Green, UK)</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children in the oculomotor dysfunction group obtained significantly lower NSUCO scores (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to the control group. Regarding eye tracking analyses, a significantly higher number of hypometric saccades were found in oculomotor dysfunction group (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.044). Additionally, in this group a significantly higher percentage of regressions was observed for a 1-second stimulus presentation interval (<em>p</em> = 0.012). Significant correlations were found between different NSUCO scores and the percentage of regressions, the number of completed saccades and the number of hypometric saccades.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presence of hypometric saccades and regressions appears to be a distinguishing characteristic of children with oculomotor dysfunction, detectable through both objective eye tracking analysis and the subjective NSUCO test, which can be easily implemented in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of high-energy visible light–filtering spectacle lenses on high and low contrast distance visual acuity","authors":"Nishanee Rampersad,&nbsp;Rekha Hansraj","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>High-energy visible (HEV) light has been the subject of considerable debate recently despite its critical role in several physiological functions. High-energy visible light–filtering spectacle lenses, which attenuate transmission of HEV light, are being widely marketed as protective measures for ocular health and interventions to improve visual function and sleep quality. This study reports on the effect of HEV light–filtering spectacle lenses on high and low contrast (10 % and 2.5 %) distance VA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>High and low contrast binocular distance VA was measured in 30 young adults in photopic and mesopic illumination. The VA measurements were taken with four test lenses including three commercially available HEV light–filtering lenses and a control lens. Data were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference in mean photopic high contrast (F(2.5, 73.5) = 1.30, <em>p</em> = 0.28), low contrast 10 % (F(3, 87) = 0.24, <em>p</em> = 0.87) and 2.5 % (F(3, 87) = 0.72, <em>p</em> = 0.54) VA measurements with the four test lenses. Similarly, in mesopic illumination the mean VA measurements were similar among the four test lenses (high contrast (F(3, 87) = 1.06, <em>p</em> = 0.37), low contrast 10 % (F(3, 87) = 0.70, <em>p</em> = 0.55) and low contrast 2.5 % (F(3, 87 = 0.49, <em>p</em> = 0.69)).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The HEV light–filtering spectacle lenses produced no meaningful changes in VA compared with the control lens in varying illumination. Eye care personnel should consider this information when considering HEV light–filtering spectacle lenses in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive relative accommodation is an independent risk factor for myopia onset: a prospective cohort study among chinese primary schoolchildren, the WEPrOM study","authors":"Yingying Ye ,&nbsp;Yimin Yuan ,&nbsp;Chengnan Guo ,&nbsp;Yingying Huang ,&nbsp;Jingwei Zheng ,&nbsp;Yee Ling Wong ,&nbsp;Binbin Su ,&nbsp;Yang Ding ,&nbsp;Björn Drobe ,&nbsp;Minfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Jinhua Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To identify independent risk factors for myopia onset in schoolchildren, with a focus on binocular visual function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a school-based prospective cohort study in Wenzhou, China. Schoolchildren in grades 2 and 3 were recruited in 2014 and followed until graduation at grade 6. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of ≤ -0.50 diopters. The risk factors assessed included monocular uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), axial length (AL), corneal refractive power (CR), demographic characteristics, daily activities, parental myopia, parental education level, and routine clinical binocular visual function parameters such as phoria, accommodation, and convergence-related metrics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that children with the following baseline characteristics had a significantly increased risk (OR;95% CI) of developing myopia before graduation: female sex (3.03;1.99–4.62;<em>P</em>&lt;.001), having two myopic parents (2.36;1.29–4.31;<em>P</em>=.005), worse UCVA (19.99;2.24–178.44;<em>P</em>=.007), more negative SER values (0.15;0.07–0.31;<em>P</em>&lt;.001), longer AL (7.28;4.30–12.31;<em>P</em>&lt;.001), larger CR (2.20;1.75–2.76;<em>P</em>&lt;.001), and lower magnitude of positive relative accommodation (PRA) (1.11;1.02–1.22;<em>P</em>=.02). Additional exploratory subgroup analyses indicated that the association between PRA and myopia incident remained consistent across various demographic characteristics (P-interaction&gt;0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC; 95% CI) demonstrated that PRA (0.59;0.55–0.63) exhibited predictive capability comparable to key ocular biometric parameters such as AL (0.57;0.53–0.62) and CR (0.58;0.53–0.62).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The current study identifies PRA as a stable, independent risk factor for myopia onset, with predictive capability comparable to key ocular biometric parameters. This finding can be utilized in future studies to enhance the accuracy of myopia prediction and assist in making informed decisions regarding myopia interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}