Journal of Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Prevalence of astigmatism among 99,515 children in different areas of Xi'an City, China","authors":"Aleksandra Opala, Łukasz Kołodziejski, Iwona Grabska-Liberek","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100548","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to comment on: “Mean cycloplegic refractive error in emmetropic adults: The Tehran eye study”","authors":"Jos J. Rozema , Rafael Iribarren","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100550","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into burnout among optometrists in the United States: findings from a nationwide survey","authors":"Kaleb Abbott ,&nbsp;Emily Auer ,&nbsp;Neda Gioia ,&nbsp;Karen DeLoss ,&nbsp;Leonard Seibold ,&nbsp;Jennifer Patnaik","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of burnout among optometrists in the United States and identify associated demographic and clinical factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A survey was distributed to optometrists via email listservs from the American Academy of Optometry and optometric societies. Participants completed a modified Mini Z Survey with 10 questions rated on Likert scale, followed by demographic questions. Burnout was classified as mild, moderate, or severe, with subgroup comparisons made using multinomial logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1436 optometrists responded. 53.6 % of respondents reported symptoms of burnout: 61.4 % mild, 30.4 % moderate, and 8.2 % severe. Females reported higher burnout rates than males (60.9 % vs. 40.6 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Optometrists with a spouse/partner in healthcare reported lower burnout (47.7 %) compared to those without (55.3 %, <em>p</em> = 0.0035). Respondents with children reported less burnout (49.6 % vs. 61.0 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Burnout was less prevalent among those practicing &lt;5 years (51.1 %) and 30+ years (33.7 %) compared to mid-career (5–29 years). Average number of clinic days was associated with burnout severity. Electronic health record (EHR) use was associated with higher rates of burnout (<em>p</em> = 0.0040). Respondents in private practice and academic settings reported the lowest burnout rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Burnout is a significant concern among U.S. optometrists, with female optometrists disproportionately affected. Protective factors include male gender, having children, both shorter and longer commutes, and specific work settings. Risk factors include female gender, increased clinic days, higher patient volume, and EHR use. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies of burnout, intervention-based studies to evaluate mitigation strategies, and qualitative research to explore gender differences and work-related stressors in optometry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel large diameter rigid gas-permeable corneal contact lens design for keratoconus","authors":"Manel Larrosa,&nbsp;Núria Lupón,&nbsp;Joan Gispets,&nbsp;Genis Cardona","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess the fitting process and clinical feasibility of a novel large diameter rigid gas-permeable (RGP) corneal contact lens (CL) presenting regular or reverse geometry for managing keratoconus (KC). The lens was designed to rest on the peripheral cornea and vault over the cone, aiming to enhance visual quality, comfort, and corneal physiology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>32 KC patients across all severity stages, including central, paracentral and peripheral cones enrolled. Lens parameters were customized from corneal measurements obtained via Oculus Pentacam HR tomography, mainly based on sagittal height and accounting for adequate tear film clearance. Visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), ocular complications, and user satisfaction were evaluated at baseline, and at one week and three months of lens wear.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-four patients (41 eyes) were fitted and completed the 3-month follow-up (median age of 28.5 years, 9 females). A median of 2 trial lenses per eye (interquartile range of 4.5) were needed during the fitting process. Significant improvements in median VA (baseline: 0.32 logMAR; three months: 0.01 logMAR; <em>p</em> = 0.002) and CS (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001 at all frequencies) were observed compared to baseline values. Ocular complications remained below clinical significance, with superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis showing significant reduction over time (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Patient satisfaction was high, with a median daily lens wear of 9.5 h. Most users (79.2%) reported consistent comfort with their CLs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The novel large diameter RGP corneal CL demonstrated comparable efficacy to existing RGP CL designs, offering high levels of comfort and improved vision with minimal ocular complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of binocular summation ratio before and after vision training in patients with intermittent exotropia: A pilot prospective cohort study","authors":"Masoud Rostami ,&nbsp;Mohammad Yaser Kiarudi ,&nbsp;Mehdi Sharifi ,&nbsp;Samira Hassanzadeh ,&nbsp;Kasra Jafari","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the binocular summation ratio (BSR) in intermittent exotropia (IXT) before and after vision training under varying light conditions, and to evaluate its association with the control of deviation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty IXT patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups based on their control of deviation: poor, fair, and good control. Contrast sensitivity was assessed using the CSV1000-HGT chart at four spatial frequencies, evaluated both monocularly and binocularly from a distance of 2.5 meters. This evaluation occurred under both photopic and mesopic lighting conditions, with and without glare. Additionally, the BSR for each patient was calculated before and after the vision training process.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mesopic BSR under glare-free conditions demonstrated a significant increase following vision training. In the presence of glare, the mesopic BSR significantly increased across all spatial frequencies: 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles/degree. Additionally, after vision training, the photopic BSR in glare-free conditions also showed an increase at all frequencies. However, under glare conditions, the photopic BSR only increased at the frequencies of 3, 12, and 18 cycles/degree, but this increase was not statistically significant. A significant increase in the BSR was observed only at the frequency of 6 cycles/degree. Furthermore, following vision training, the degree of control over deviation improved significantly.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The BSR and deviation control scores in patients diagnosed with IXT demonstrated significant improvement following vision training, underscoring the efficacy of this treatment method in the management of IXT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing IOL calculation in triple-DMEK: Data from a real-life cohort","authors":"Natalia Lorenzana-Blanco,&nbsp;Gonzalo Velarde-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Sofía Corte-Alonso,&nbsp;Blanca García-Sandoval,&nbsp;Ignacio Jiménez-Alfaro,&nbsp;Nicolás Alejandre-Alba","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To enhance the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in patients with Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) undergoing simultaneous cataract surgery and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (triple-DMEK) by predicting corneal power changes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Observational ambispective monocentric cohort study. A linear corneal change model (LCCM) was developed to predict corneal change from the preoperative corneal ratio (anterior/posterior radius). LCCM was validated by comparing prediction errors with the traditional IOL optimization method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>97 eyes of 69 patients were analyzed. Preoperative keratometry was biometrically unmeasurable in 9 eyes, so manually entered autorefractometer data were used for IOL calculations and were analyzed separately. Mean absolute error (MAE) in the manual group (1.35 D (-1.04, 3.75)) was higher than the measured group (0.75 D (-0.62, 2.12)). The median change in simulated keratometry (SimK) was -0.21 ± 0.68 D and in total keratometry (TK) was -0.62 ± 1.09 D (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). SRKT outperformed the rest with constant optimization (0.60 D (-0.53, 1.74)). LCCM showed similar MAE to the constant optimization method (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). However, MAE for the optimization method was higher (2.08 D (1.77, 2.39)) than LCCM method (1.87 D (1.62, 2.12)).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SimK and TK change significantly after Triple-DMEK. The LCCM could reduce extreme refractive surprises by assisting surgeons in the individualized selection of the best IOL for each eye based on the expected corneal change. Study limitations include variability in FECD severity and the inherent limitations of biometric formulas applied to non-standard eyes. Further studies are recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of optical performances of intraocular lenses with different depth of field","authors":"Federico Tommasi ,&nbsp;Alessio Giorgetti ,&nbsp;Caterina Monnetti ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Fini ,&nbsp;Giovanni Romualdi ,&nbsp;Rita Mencucci ,&nbsp;Massimo Gurioli ,&nbsp;Stefano Cavalieri","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study presents a detailed optical characterization of three intraocular lenses (IOLs) comparing two so called “enhanced range of field”, Evolux IOL and Tecnis Eyhance IOL and one so called “narrow range of field”, a standard monofocal IOL Acrysof IQ.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The measurements are performed using the PMTF optical bench, basing on the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) to evaluate the optical performance of each lens. The MTFa, representing the area under the MTF curve, is utilized as a key and synthetic metric to quantify performance across different spatial frequencies, providing insights into the IOLs’ behavior as defocus varies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results highlight the strengths and the weaknesses of the IOLs, with the Evolux showing a broadest depth of focus. The USAF resolution target is used to qualitatively assess the image reproduction at far, intermediate, and near distances, offering a visual representation of the IOLs’ capabilities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings provide valuable information for selecting IOLs based on patient-specific visual requirements in cataract and refractive surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A virtual approach: Systematic review and meta-analysis of virtual reality-based therapies for convergence insufficiency","authors":"Torikul Islam ,&nbsp;Amit Dutta Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Convergence insufficiency (CI) is a common binocular vision disorder that significantly impacts visual comfort and quality of life. It has been hypothesized that CI therapy can also be provided effectively with Virtual reality (VR). Recently, a few studies were conducted on virtual reality-based CI therapy. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, no systematic review and meta-analysis has been performed on the effectiveness of VR-based CI therapy. Therefore, this study aims to fill this critical gap and investigate the effectiveness of VR-based CI therapy. Consequently, it may be helpful to the clinicians, patients, and researchers to choose therapy, and develop future research studies. A systematic search was conducted on Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed and Science Direct until October 1, 2024. A total of 649 studies were screened, of which 3 studies were eligible to be included. We evaluated the quality and risk of bias for the included studies. Using the random-effects model, we found an overall mean difference of 3.38 (95% CI: 1.61, 5.16) before and after VR-based therapy. I² was 54.82% in our study, which indicates moderate heterogeneity. Then, we performed a Q test and found Q (df = 2) = 4.3593 and p-value = 0.1131, which indicates that albeit some heterogeneity observed in our analysis, it was not statistically significant. We also performed Leave-One-Out sensitivity analysis, which indicates that the overall findings of our analysis were relatively stable and not excessively dependent on any single selected study. No significant evidence of publication bias was found by using a funnel plot, Begg's test (Kendall's Tau = 1, p-value = 0.33), and Egger's test (intercept = 2.45, p-value = 0.40). Although we found VR based CI therapy has a positive effect, small sample size and variability in study methodologies make the current evidence insufficient to draw definitive conclusions regarding its effectiveness. Further studies are required to have more robust and reliable data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time assessment of eye movements during reading in individuals with central vision loss using eye-tracking technology: A pilot study","authors":"Leonela González-Vides ,&nbsp;Pilar Cañadas ,&nbsp;José Antonio Gómez-Pedrero ,&nbsp;Jose Luis Hernández-Verdejo","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess eye movements during reading in individuals with central vision loss using eye-tracking technology and an ad-hoc calibration method.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This pilot case control study included 17 participants (61.7 ± 8.8 years), 12 women and 5 men) and 17 controls, matched for age and sex. Two ad hoc computer-based tests were administered to analyze eye movements during a single-letter reading task and continuous reading task, measured using a 60 Hz eye-tracking device.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with central vision loss showed differences from the control group, with an increase in the number of fixations, saccadic movements, and regressions, whereas the amplitude and speed of saccades were lower. This resulted in longer reading times in the study group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results revealed lower performance in eye movements skills during reading tasks in patients with central vision loss. Eye-tracking devices allow the objective binocular assessment of eye movements during reading tasks. Our ad-hoc calibration method ensured minimal data loss and high validity, enhancing the reliability of the assessments. This information can be used to develop optimal and personalized functional and visual rehabilitation programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finnish optometrists’ competence to recognize, assess, and manage trochlear nerve palsy: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Anna Pietilä ,&nbsp;Seija Säynäjäkangas ,&nbsp;Arja Rantala","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2025.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate both Finnish optometrists’ self-assessed competence in trochlear nerve palsy care and needs for development.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 196 Finnish optometrists or opticians participated in the study. The data were collected during April–May 2024 using an online questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Finnish optometrists and opticians rated their total competence in trochlear nerve palsy as moderate (mean 2.05 ± SD 0.53) using a Likert scale ranging from 1(poor) to 4 (excellent). Taking an anamnesis received the highest rating (mean 2.65 ± 0.61) among the subareas of competencies, while knowing test methods was perceived as the weakest subarea (mean 1.58 ± 0.51). The results indicate that educational level (all <em>p</em> ≤ 0.003, except management), working place (all <em>p</em> ≤ 0.005), additional training (all <em>p</em> ≤ 0.001), cooperation with ophthalmologists (all <em>p</em> ≤ 0.029, except assessment/test methods), and available time (all <em>p</em> ≤ 0.031, except test methods) had a statistically significant difference compared to the responders’ self-assessed competence in almost all subareas of competencies. A master's degree was associated with higher competence and showed a significant difference compared with a bachelor's degree or college-level opticians (both <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results underscore the significance of continuous competence development and higher education in trochlear nerve palsy care. With additional training, recognizing and examining ocular nerve palsies would become easier and more familiar, lowering the threshold for examining ocular nerve damage or reacting to it. This first study on optometrists' competencies in Finland can help identify clinical competencies and target educational resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}