Journal of Optometry最新文献

{"title":"Strategies and attitudes on the management of myopia in clinical practice in Spain - 2022 update","authors":"Clara Martínez-Pérez ,&nbsp;César Villa-Collar ,&nbsp;Jacinto Santodomingo-Rubido ,&nbsp;James S. Wolffsohn","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study analyses strategies and attitudes on myopia management reported by eye care practitioners (ECP) from Spain in 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A questionnaire was distributed to ECPs worldwide via the internet through professional associations. The questionnaire was distributed by email to all registered Spanish optician-optometrists. Questions examined awareness of increasing myopia prevalence; perceived efficacy; uptake of available approaches; and reasons preventing further uptake of specific approaches.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 3,107 practitioners who participated in the study, 380 were Spanish ECPs. Using a 10-point scale, Spanish practitioners reported less concern about increasing pediatric myopia (8.3 ± 1.6) compared to ECP's worldwide (8.5 ± 1.9) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), but similar level of clinical activity in myopia control (7.8 ± 2.3 vs. 7.5 ± 2.5, respectively) (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05); however, around half of all prescribed treatments were single-vision distance spectacles/contact lenses both in Spain and in most regions, with Spanish practitioners prescribing less single-vision spectacles than African and Asian (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), but more than Australasian practitioners (<em>p</em> = 0.04). No significant differences were found between Spain and the other regions in the perceived efficacy of combined therapy, orthokeratology, and outdoor time (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05), with the former being perceived as the most effective myopia control method followed by orthokeratology. No significant differences were found between Spain and the world's average in factors preventing the prescription of myopia control approaches (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Spanish practitioners reported that embracing myopia management has a positive, but lower impact on customer loyalty, practice revenue and job satisfaction compared with the other regions (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Myopia control is increasing, although around half of practitioners still prescribe single-vision distance spectacles/contact lenses to young/progressive myopes. Combined therapy followed by orthokeratology were perceived as the most effective treatments. Embracing myopia management improved patient loyalty and job satisfaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10618824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50163223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distance horizontal fusional facility (DFF): A new diagnostic vergence test for the acquired brain injury (ABI) population","authors":"Barry Tannen ,&nbsp;Emma Karlin ,&nbsp;Kenneth J. Ciuffreda ,&nbsp;Noah Tannen ,&nbsp;John Shelley-Tremblay","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To report the retrospectively-based, clinical diagnostic findings for the horizontal, distance, fusional facility (DFF) test in the non-TBI (traumatic brain inury), ABI (acquired brain injury) population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The DFF test (4 pd base-out/2 pd base-in) was assessed and compared retrospectively in the first author's optometric practice in three clinical populations: (1) post-mTBI, visually-symptomatic (<em>n</em> = 52), (2) post-ABI, non-mTBI, visually-symptomatic (<em>n</em> = 34), and (3) visually-normal, visually asymptomatic (<em>n</em> = 44).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The DFF values in each group were significantly different from each other (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The mean non-TBI, ABI group value was significantly lower than found in the mTBI group, and both were significantly lower than the mean found in the normal cohort (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). There was a significant reduction in DFF with increased age (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). ROC values for the AUC ranged from excellent to acceptable (0.94–0.74).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The DFF test is a new and useful way to assess horizontal, distance, dynamic, fusional facility in those with presumed non-mTBI, ABI neurological conditions to assist in its diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 100487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41183849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of the Actiwatch Spectrum Plus for detecting the outdoor environment and physical activity in children","authors":"Einat Shneor ,&nbsp;Ariela Gordon-Shaag ,&nbsp;Ravid Doron ,&nbsp;Julia S. Benoit ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Ostrin","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To describe the performance of the Actiwatch Spectrum Plus (Philips, Respironics) for determining real world indoor and outdoor environments and physical activity in children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Children wore the device while performing 10 different activities, ranging from sedentary to vigorous physical-activity, and under different indoor and outdoor conditions. Repeated measures ANOVA was implemented via mixed effects modeling to determine illuminance (lux) and physical activity (counts per 15 s, CP15) across conditions. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analysis assessed the accuracy to detect indoor versus outdoor settings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Illuminance was found to be statistically different across indoor (793 ± 348 lux) and outdoor (4,413 ± 518 lux) conditions (<em>P</em>&lt;.0001), with excellent diagnostic accuracy to detect indoor versus outdoor settings (Area under the ROC Curve, AUC 0.94); 1088 lux was identified as the optimal threshold for outdoor illuminance (sensitivity: 93.0%; specificity: 85.0%). Using published activity ranges, we found that when children were sitting, 94% of the physical-activity readings were classified as sedentary or light. When children were walking, 88% of readings were classified as light, and when children were running, 77% of readings were classified as moderate or vigorous.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The Actiwatch Spectrum Plus performed well during real world activities in children, showing excellent diagnostic accuracy at 1088 lux as a threshold to detect indoor versus outdoor environments and in categorizing physical activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 100483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/65/main.PMC10551654.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effect of benzalkonium chloride-preserved, polyquad-preserved, and preservative-free prostaglandin analogue eye drops on cultured human conjunctival goblet cells","authors":"Anne Hedengran ,&nbsp;Josefine Freiberg ,&nbsp;Pernille May Hansen ,&nbsp;Gerard Boix-Lemonche ,&nbsp;Tor P. Utheim ,&nbsp;Darlene A. Dartt ,&nbsp;Goran Petrovski ,&nbsp;Steffen Heegaard ,&nbsp;Miriam Kolko","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To investigate the effect of benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-preserved latanoprost and bimatoprost, polyquad (PQ)-preserved travoprost, and preservative-free (PF) latanoprost and tafluprost, all prostaglandin analogues (PGAs), on human conjunctival goblet cell (GC) survival. Furthermore, to investigate the effect of BAK-preserved and PF latanoprost on the cytokine secretion from GC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Primary human conjunctival GCs were cultivated from donor tissue. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and tetrazolium dye colorimetric (MTT) assays were used for the assessment of GC survival. A cytometric bead array was employed for measuring secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 from GC.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>BAK-preserved latanoprost and bimatoprost reduced cell survival by 28% (<em>p</em> = 0.0133) and 20% (<em>p</em> = 0.0208), respectively, in the LDH assay compared to a negative control. BAK-preserved latanoprost reduced cell proliferation by 54% (<em>p</em> = 0.003), BAK-preserved bimatoprost by 45% (<em>p</em> = 0.006), PQ-preserved travoprost by 16% (<em>p</em> = 0.0041), and PF latanoprost by 19% (<em>p</em> = 0.0001), in the MTT assay compared to a negative control. Only PF tafluprost did not affect the GCs in either assay. BAK-preserved latanoprost caused an increase in the secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8 (<em>p</em> = 0.0001 and <em>p</em> = 0.0019, respectively) compared to a negative control, which PF latanoprost did not.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>BAK-preserved PGA eye drops were more cytotoxic to GCs than PQ-preserved and PF PGA eye drops. BAK-preserved latanoprost induced an inflammatory response in GC. Treatment with PF and PQ-preserved PGA eye drops could mean better tolerability and adherence in glaucoma patients compared to treatment with BAK-preserved PGA eye drops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"17 1","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/55/main.PMC10551551.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41169247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the ocular ultrasonic and optical biometry devices in the different quality measurements","authors":"Masoud Khorrami-Nejad ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mohammed Khodair ,&nbsp;Mehdi Khodaparast ,&nbsp;Farshid Babapour Mofrad ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Dehghanian Nasrabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To compare the reliability and agreement of axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT) measurements obtained with optical biometry based on swept-source optical coherence tomography (IOLMaster 700; Carl Zeiss, Germany) and an ultrasound biometry device (Nidek; US-4000 Echoscan, Japan) in different qualities of AL measurement.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 239 consecutive eyes of 239 cataract surgery candidates with a mean age of 56 ± 14 years were included. The quality measurements were grouped according to the quartiles of SD of the measured AL by IOLMaster 700. The first and fourth quartile's SD are defined as high and low-quality measurement, respectively, and the second and third quartiles’ SD is defined as moderate-quality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The reliability of AL and ACD between the two devices in all patients and in different quality measurement groups was excellent with highly statistically significant (AL: all ICC=0.999 and <em>P</em>&lt;0.001, ACD: all ICC&gt;0.920 and <em>P</em>&lt;0.001). AL and ACD in all quality measurements showed a very strong correlation between devices with highly statistically significant. However, there was poor (ICC=0.305), moderate (ICC=0.742), and good (ICC=0.843) reliability in measuring LT in low-, moderate-, and high-quality measurements, respectively. LT showed a very strong correlation (<em>r</em> = 0.854) with highly statistically significant (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001) between devices only in patients with high-quality measurements.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>AL and ACD of the IOLMaster700 had outstanding agreements with the US-4000 ultrasound in different quality measurements of AL and can be used interchangeably. But LT should be used interchangeably cautiously only in the high-quality measurements group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 284-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10518768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9977187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of refractive error within a Portuguese sample of optometric records","authors":"Vera Lúcia Alves Carneiro,&nbsp;José Manuel González-Méijome","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Considering the burden of refractive error, clinical-based research methods are often used as epidemiological tools. This study aimed to generate evidence on the prevalence and distribution of refractive error in Portugal.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional retrospective study was designed to review optometric records from Portuguese practices during July 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>348 optometric records were analysed. Subjects had a mean age of 44.2 ± 19.2 years (range 6–81) and 58.4% were female. The mean spherical equivalent was myopic, −0.65 ± 2.38 Diopters (D), varying from a minimum of −13.63 to a maximum of 6.25 D. According to sex, the mean spherical equivalent was −0.76 ± 2.29 D for female and −0.49 ± 2.49 D for male, with no significant difference between them (<em>p</em> = .307). The distribution of the spherical equivalent mean across the age groups, linearly varies from a myopic −1.62 ± 1.74 D in the age group of [6 – 29]; −1.58 ± 2.80 D in [30 – 44]; −0.09 ± 2.40 in [45 – 59] to a hyperopic 0.67 ± 1.61 D in the group of [60 – 81]. High myopia had a prevalence of 2.7% in the sample. Myopia was the most prevalent refractive error in the sample representing 41.3%. In the age group [6–29], myopia had a prevalence of 69.3%. Hyperopia had a prevalence in the sample of 29.7%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Myopia represents the most prevalent refractive error within the sample and is the prevalence is higher in the younger age groups, demonstrating a shift towards an increase of myopia in the next years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 245-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fc/d0/main.PMC10518762.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9813796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of using the Dyop optotype for acuity and refractions","authors":"Allan N Hytowitz","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2022.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 317-318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e9/8a/main.PMC10518757.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10309516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of strabismus and binocular dysfunctions in the developmental eye movement test and test of visual perception skills: A multicentric and retrospective study","authors":"Marc Argilés ,&nbsp;Joan Gispets ,&nbsp;Núria Lupón ,&nbsp;Bernat Sunyer-Grau ,&nbsp;Cristina Rovira-Gay ,&nbsp;Marta Pérez-Ternero ,&nbsp;Marina Berta-Cabañas","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To compare the performance in the Developmental Eye Movement test (DEM) and the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (TVPS) between three groups: individuals with strabismus and amblyopia, patients with binocular and accommodative dysfunctions, and subjects with normal binocular and accommodative function.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A multicentric, retrospective study including 110 children aged 6–14 years old was conducted to investigate the potential impact of strabismus, amblyopia, and different binocular conditions in DEM results (adjusted time in vertical and horizontal parts) and TVPS (percentiles in the seven sub-skills).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>No significant differences were found in the different subtests of the vertical and horizontal DEM and all the sub-skills in the TVPS between the three groups of the study. We found high variability of performance in the DEM test between participants with strabismus and amblyopia compared with binocular and accommodative problems.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>DEM and TVPS scores have not been found to be influenced by the presence of strabismus with or without amblyopia, nor by binocular and accommodative dysfunctions. A slightly correlation tendency with horizontal DEM and degree of exotropia deviation was observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 277-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/9d/main.PMC10518761.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9410874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who cites optometry journals?","authors":"Nathan Efron ,&nbsp;Philip B. Morgan ,&nbsp;Lyndon W. Jones ,&nbsp;Jason J. Nichols","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This work seeks to identify the most impactful journals, papers, authors, institutions, and countries that cite optometry journal articles.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Scopus database was searched for papers citing at least one article published in any of the 18 optometry journals included in that database (i.e. ‘optometry articles’). The 10 most highly cited papers that cite optometry journal articles were determined from 82,830 papers found. A h-index for “optometry journal citations” (the h_OJC-index) was derived for each entity in the categories of journals, papers, authors, institutions and countries to serve as a measure of impact.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The h_OJC-index of the body of papers citing optometry journal articles is 370. Papers citing optometry journal articles have themselves been cited 2,054,816 times. <em>Investigative Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Science</em> (h_OJC = 154) is the most impactful journal citing optometry articles and <em>Optometry and Vision Science</em> the most prolific (5310 papers). The most impactful paper citing optometry journal articles (5725 citations) was published in <em>Journal of Clinical Epidemiology</em>. Ophthalmologist Seang Mei Saw (h_OJC = 69) is the most impactful author and optometrist Nathan Efron is the most prolific (288 papers). Harvard University (h_OJC = 127) is the most impactful and UNSW Sydney is the most prolific institution (1761 papers). The United States is the most impactful and prolific nation (h_OJC = 313; 28,485 papers).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Optometry journal articles are cited extensively by optometrists, ophthalmologists, and vision scientists world-wide, as well as authors from a broad spectrum of non-ophthalmic research domains. This work confirms the utility and influence of optometry journals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 296-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/36/main.PMC10518760.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9573755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of optometric phototherapy: a systematic review","authors":"Zaíra Cervera-Sánchez,&nbsp;Pilar Cacho-Martínez,&nbsp;Ángel García-Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optom.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To analyse the scientific evidence about the efficacy of Syntonic phototherapy for producing changes in visual function.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A systematic review was performed to obtain studies on the effects of Syntonic phototherapy on vision. A search in health science databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO) for studies published between 1980 and 2022 was conducted in accordance with the principles of Cochrane approach. The search identified 197 articles. Only clinical studies which used the Syntonic phototherapy as a vision therapy for any visual condition were included. Clinical cases and case series were excluded. Following the inclusion criteria, 8 clinical studies met inclusion, 5 of them being pseudo-experimental studies with an equivalent control group and 3 pre-post pseudo-experimental studies. GRADE tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence of the studies. The GRADE evidence profile for the studies through the Soft table was made to analyse data.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The studies analysed seven outcomes: visual symptoms, functional visual fields, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, deviation (phoria/tropia), stereopsis and reading abilities. Finding table about results (Soft Table) showed that for all outcomes reviewed, all studies yielded very low certainty of evidence. Results revealed a lack of scientific evidence of the efficacy of Syntonic optometric phototherapy to produce changes in the visual function.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This systematic review found no consistent evidence for the efficacy of Syntonic phototherapy to cause changes in visual function. There is no scientific evidence to support its clinical use for treating any type of visual anomalies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Optometry","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 305-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c3/38/main.PMC10518764.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9521455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}