Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the role of adverse childhood experiences in smartphone addiction among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India","authors":"Archna Yadav,&nbsp;Naorem Kiranmala Devi,&nbsp;Kallur Nava Saraswathy,&nbsp;Vineet Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Smartphone addiction (SA) is a growing public health concern among young adults. While adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to various behavioural and health outcomes, their role in SA remains understudied, particularly in India. This study explores the association between ACEs and SA among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study involved 258 young adults (mean age 21.62 ± 2.21 years) in Delhi-NCR, India. SA and ACEs were assessed using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) and the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with ≥4 ACE exposure demonstrated significantly higher SA prevalence and scores than those without ACE exposure. The ACE score was found to be significantly positively associated with SA [β (SE) = 0.89 (0.36), p = 0.015]. Further, compared to those with 0 ACE, individuals with ≥4 ACEs showed a 2.22-fold increased risk of SA; however, this association did not reach statistical significance [OR (95 % CI) = 2.22 (0.89–5.54), p = 0.088]. Among ACE domains, household alcohol/drug use, and incarcerated household members were significantly associated with elevated SA risk. Emotional abuse and bullying also showed over 2-fold risk, though these associations did not reach statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study highlights a positive relationship between ACE exposure and SA risk, suggesting that young adults exposed to ACEs may be more susceptible to SA. Implementing targeted interventions for young adults with high ACE exposure could be beneficial. However, further research is needed as the sample may not be fully representative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors and the clinical outcomes of HIV-1 infected patients with immune discordance - A retrospective case-control study","authors":"Akalu Srinivas Kamakshi Shriya ,&nbsp;Sudheer Areeparambil ,&nbsp;Mothi S N ,&nbsp;VHT Swamy ,&nbsp;Srirama B R ,&nbsp;Sri Ram Murugesh ,&nbsp;Arun Gopi ,&nbsp;Balaji Sathyanarayana Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The study aims to assess the prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes among immune discordant HIV patients at an HIV care hospital located in southern India as the prognosis of immune discordant subjects is poorly comprehended and only a handful of studies have been conducted in this region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective case-control study was conducted among 1270 patients enrolled at the HIV care hospital between the period of March 2016 and July 2023. The study protocol was endorsed by the institutional ethics Committee. 1249 patients met the study criteria and 71 were found to be immune discordant. The data collection form was designed to capture patients’ demographic and clinical details. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were utilized to quantify the relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of discordant immune responders and non-immune discordant responders among people living with HIV (PLHIV) was found to be 5.6 % and 94.4 % respectively. The risk factors independently influencing the immune discordance along with their adjusted odds ratio (AOR) were baseline CD4 cell count less than 200 cells/mm3 (AOR 1.49; 95 % CI: 1.270–1.816, P = 0.00), presence of concomitant tuberculosis (AOR 1.58; 95 % CI: 1.344–1.996, P = 0.04) and heterosexually transmitted HIV (AOR 12.31; 95 % CI: 3.223–47.053, P = 0.00). Clinical outcomes observed in immune discordant subjects were classified as non-communicable disease (22.45 %), Opportunistic infection (8.45 %) and mortality (8.45 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Discordant immune response was seen primarily in patients with Tuberculosis coinfection, heterosexually transmission and baseline CD4 cell count ≤200 cell/mm3 the probable mechanism behind this could be a prior modification of the immune system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical injuries in occupational and non-occupational settings over a decade in Colombia: Cross-sectional study","authors":"Aníbal A. Teherán ,&nbsp;Karen P. Ayala ,&nbsp;Gabriel Camero-Ramos ,&nbsp;Luis M. Pombo ,&nbsp;María C. Mejía ,&nbsp;Luis G. Piñeros","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Annually, electrical injuries affect 1.2 million people worldwide, and up to 40 % injured people have long time complications. This study aims to identify factors related to electrical injuries in occupational and non-occupational settings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymized public database about electrical injuries in Colombia (2010–2019). Sociodemographic characteristics were described (counts [%], incidence/100,000 people), and a binary logistic regression model was applied to identify factors related (adjusted for age and sex; aOR, IC95 %) to electrical injuries in occupational and non-occupational settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>3009 electrical injuries were analyzed, 2452 in non-occupational settings, and 557 in occupational settings, mostly men (87.0 %), and the median age was 30 years. Burns (49.7 %) and deaths (29.2 %) were the most frequent outcomes, respectively, in occupational and non-occupational settings. Factors related to electrical injuries in occupational settings were male sex (13.4; 6.31–28.5), adulthood (5.80; 4.54–7.42), high school/technical education (24.6; 18.4–32.9), rural areas (3.47; 2.85–4.23), daytime ocurrence (2.32; 1.65–3.26), and the median time to the event was 20 months (Kaplan Meier: CI95 %); In non-occupational settings, they were early childhood (25.2; 9.25–68.8) and adolescence (41.9; 5.88–299.7), primary education level (3.12; 2.24–4.35), urban areas (3.47; 2.85–4.23), and nighttime ocurrence (2.32; 1.65–3.26).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In Colombia, electrical injuries mainly ocurred in non-occupational settings. Implementing public health measures targeting high-risk groups identified in factors associated with these injuries, particularly in homes and outdoor environments, could potentially prevent at least 67.8 % of these incidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit in Armed Force Hospital, Oman: A single center cohort","authors":"Masoud Kashoub ,&nbsp;Mohammed Al Shukairi ,&nbsp;Mariya Al Abdali ,&nbsp;Anisa Al Jabri ,&nbsp;Rawan Al Abdulsalam ,&nbsp;Jawahir Al Badri ,&nbsp;Sachin Jose ,&nbsp;Omar Al Salti","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic, characterized as the most catastrophic health crisis since the 1918 influenza pandemic, this study aims to provide local insights by examining critically ill patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Armed Force Hospital (AFH) in Muscat, Oman.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This single-center retrospective cohort study encompassed 226 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted between February 2020 and November 2021. Demographic information, clinical records, laboratory results, and radiological examinations were extracted from the AFH electronic system. Survival analysis employed the Kaplan-Meier curve to determine median survival time with a 95 % confidence interval. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of predictor variables on mortality, with hazard ratios reported alongside their 95 % confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The patient population exhibited a median age of 61 years, comprising 32.9 % females and 67.1 % males. A substantial majority, 84.7 % of patients, had at least one medical comorbidity. Notably, patients aged 65 years and older experienced an 83.3 % increased hazard of mortality, while each one-unit increase in lactate levels resulted in an 11.2 % increased hazard of mortality among ICU patients. The overall median survival time was found to be 17.00 days, with a 95 % confidence interval spanning from 14.18 to 19.82.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The overall mortality rate observed in this study was approximately 56.5 %. These findings underscore the significant burden imposed by COVID-19 and highlight the imperative for the development of future strategies to mitigate similar outcomes in the face of future pandemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between oral health-related quality of life and mental health among university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"AlBandary H. AlJameel ,&nbsp;Lama S. AlSaleh ,&nbsp;Noor H. Bawazir ,&nbsp;Aseel S. AlOmair ,&nbsp;Sultan A. AlMalki","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mental health is bidirectionally associated with oral disorders Therefore, this study aims at assessing self-reported mental illness and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of group of university students in Riyadh city of Saudi Arabia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study using a self-reported questionnaire that has several components such as Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) to identify the impact of oral health on different aspects of life and global rating of oral health, and mental health status by using Arabic translation of (depression (PHQ9-9items) and (generalized anxiety (GAD7-7 items) among group of university male and female students. All descriptive and correlation analysis were performed using STATA program (STATA Corp, College station, TX, US).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 614 participants. 205 (33.4 %) of participants had high scores of OHIP-14 which indicates the negative effect on their quality of life. They reported facing difficulty pronouncing certain words due to oral-related issues by 71(11.6 %). A statistically significant correlation was found between participants who reported mental disorders and high OHIP-14 mean score. Findings showed that participant who reported having severe depression had the highest OHIP-14 mean score (19.3 SD ± 14.2) compared to participants with no depression or having mild or moderate depression, also those who reported having severe anxiety had highest OHIP-14 man score (16.3 SD ± 12.0) compared to participants with no anxiety or having mild or moderate anxiety.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>As findings indicated the negative impact on OHRQoL among participants with depression and anxiety, interventions should be planned in a comprehensive manner aiming at improving oral and mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule/CD166 as a non-invasive biomarker in women with breast cancer","authors":"Vemareddy Hemalatha ,&nbsp;Shabna Roupal ,&nbsp;Vanitharani Nagasubramanian ,&nbsp;Bhawna Dev ,&nbsp;S.D. Rajendran","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>ALCAM, as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker, has the potential to revolutionize breast cancer screening by enabling early intervention and, ultimately, improving patient survival rates. This study investigated the ALCAM concentration and its diagnostic accuracy at the early stages of breast cancer (T1/T2, M0, N0).</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A total of 81 early stage breast cancer patients confirmed by histopathology and 81 healthy female volunteers whose breast ultrasound or mammogram were normal were included in the study. Blood, saliva, and urine samples were collected from all the included participants, centrifuged at 3000 RPM for 10 min, and the supernatant was stored at −80 °C until analyzed for ALCAM expression by using the Human ALCAM ELISA Kit.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Receiver Operating Curves (ROC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the ALCAM biomarker in serum, saliva, and urine and were 0.947, 0.996, and 0.947, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values of ALCAM expression in serum (87.7, 84, and ≥49.5), saliva (95.5, 96.3, and ≥52.5), and urine (88.89, 89.19, and ≥55) were interpreted.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ALCAM can be used to detect early breast cancers, showing better noninvasive diagnostic values. The study findings infer that ALCAM may represent a biomarker for breast cancer, which may have potential utility as a diagnostic tool as per the sensitivity and specificity values obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal disorders among the handloom weavers in odisha, India: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ashish Kumar Meher ,&nbsp;T.K. Venkatachalapathy ,&nbsp;Prasant Kumar Panda","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Handloom weaving is a repetitive manual work activity. It requires physical motion patterns, rapid motions without rest breaks, and increased muscle tension, which can make the handloom weavers prone to developing musculoskeletal syndrome.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of the study was to investigate the occupational health issues, especially musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), experienced by handloom weavers in the Indian state of Odisha. It also examined the socio-demographic factors significantly contributing to their musculoskeletal health issues.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting primary data from 435 active handloom weavers in the Bargarh district of Odisha. The age range of the participants was 18–69 years and around 99 per cent of them were male. Marginal effects of the potential explanatory variables contributing to the musculoskeletal health issues of the handloom weavers were estimated with the help of binomial logistic regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed that around 80 % of the weavers suffered from work-related musculoskeletal health problems. It includes pain/discomfort in different body parts. The major socio-demographic factors significantly contributing to the musculoskeletal disorders among the weavers were age, marital status, interest in weaving work, and engagement in non-occupational activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study identified occupational health problems particularly MSDs highly prevalent among handloom weavers and the factors contributing to MSDs. Policies such as regular health camps, health insurance, awareness of occupational health issues, preventive healthcare practices, and intermittent breaks are suggested to minimize the risk of work-related MSDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowerment components related to smoking prevention among male students: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Naser Sharafkhani ,&nbsp;Mehrnoosh Jasemzadeh ,&nbsp;Mostafa jiba ,&nbsp;Leili Rabiei ,&nbsp;Arash Salahshouri","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Smoking is one of the unhygienic behaviors in human societies and unfortunately, its increasing prevalence among all classes especially students as effective role models in society, has caused many concerns. This study aimed to investigate the components of empowerment in connection with the adoption of smoking prevention behaviors (SPB) in male students at Azad University of Ahvaz.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present study was of a descriptive-analytical type, which was conducted with the participation of 315 male students between 2021 and 2022. Sampling was stratified-random. The data collection tool of this study was a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and questions related to various empowerment components concerning smoking prevention and the adoption of SPB. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including prevalence, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and linear regression, using SPSS 22 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of this study showed that 18.06 % of the students were active smokers while 75.88 % of them had smoking experience. Also, the results of the study showed that among the components related to empowering students about smoking prevention, self-efficacy, negative attitude towards smoking, social support, self-esteem, and anti-smoking policies were the most important predictors of smoking behavior with a change variance of 39.5 % (R² = 0.395).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Considering the unaffordability of the average score of adopting SPB among the students, the necessity of designing and implementing interventions to improve the student's abilities in smoking prevention is greatly felt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of insecticide-treated nets and factors influencing it among caregivers of children under five in Butiama district, Tanzania","authors":"Magnus Michael Sichalwe ,&nbsp;Regnald Raymond Kimaro ,&nbsp;Shadya Ramadhan mhinte","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malaria remains a leading cause of disease and death among children under five in Tanzania, particularly in Butiama, Mara, where its prevalence is high despite ongoing prevention efforts. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors influencing insecticide-treated net (ITN) use among caregivers in Butiama to enhance malaria prevention and child health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>The study used a community-based cross-sectional design with multistage sampling to select 384 caregivers of children under five in Butiama District. Data were collected in April–May 2024 using a Swahili questionnaire on Kobo Toolbox. SPSS version 26.0 was used for analysis, including data cleaning, univariate descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis using chi-squared tests assessed relationships between categorical variables, and multivariate analysis to identify predictors at p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the participants, 82.3 % owned a mosquito net, and 50.8 % used it the night before the study. Female participants were more likely to use ITNs than males (AOR = 3.572, P = 0.001), and those with primary education had higher odds of ITN use compared to those with no formal education (AOR = 2.281, P = 0.017). Knowledge of correct ITN use timing, especially starting immediately after delivery, was a strong predictor of usage (AOR = 2.918, P = 0.044). Self-employed were 36.6 % less likely to use ITNs compared to farmers and homemakers (AOR = 0.366, P = 0.037).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study found ITN usage at 50.8 %, lower than the national average. Females, those with primary education, and individuals knowledgeable about appropriate usage timing were more likely to use ITNs. Targeted, gender-sensitive educational campaigns are needed to increase ITN adoption and improve malaria prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between oral health and mild cognitive impairment among Iranian older adults: A cross-sectional study from Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA)","authors":"Ahmad Delbari ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ghavidel ,&nbsp;Mohammad Bidkhori ,&nbsp;Elham Hooshmand ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saatchi ,&nbsp;Jalil Efati ,&nbsp;Vahid Rashedi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ensuring daily oral health is paramount in the prevention of oral diseases, such as cavities and periodontal diseases, particularly among at-risk populations, including older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia. This study investigated the association between oral health and MCI in the Iranian older adult population.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Data from 3368 participants in the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA) during the first wave (2020–2022) were utilized for cross-sectional analysis. Trained personnel administered questionnaires and conducted oral health assessments. MCI was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for literate individuals and the Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) for illiterate individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of MCI among participants was 20.8 %. Univariate regression analysis indicated that the use of dentures, Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, missing teeth, filled teeth, and issues related to mastication function were significantly associated with MCI (p &lt; 0.05). After adjusting for confounding variables such as age, sex, education, smoking, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, anxiety, and depression, it was found that DMFT index (OR = 1.02; 95 % CI:1.01 to 1.04), missing teeth (OR = 1.02; 95 % CI:1.01 to 1.03), filled teeth (OR = 0.86; 95 % CI: 0.81 to 0.91) and complete dentures (OR = 1.59; 95 % CI:1.08 to 2.36) remained significantly associated with MCI (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that poor oral health was related to MCI among Iranian older adults. This highlights the critical need for heightened awareness and proactive management of oral health, given its far-reaching implications for physical, cognitive, and overall well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}