Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Association between Nucleus Accumbens Volume and Substance Use Disorder: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Érico de Carvalho Leitão Pimentel, Gabriel Moreli Ribeiro, Larissa de Goes, Elaine Minatel, Anderson Ravy Stolf, Fabiano Reis","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is central to the brain's reward circuitry, mediating motivation and emotional processes. Emerging evidence suggests that structural and functional changes in the NAc, including volume alterations, may contribute to the neuropathology of substance use disorder (SUD). This review evaluates current findings on the association between NAc volumetric changes depicted by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and SUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, BVS, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO. Terms used in searches included Nucleus Accumbens, Mental Disorder, Substance Use Disorder, Drug Addiction, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The main findings from the selected studies were synthesized in a table.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial database searches yielded 3686 articles. After screening, duplicate articles, non-English/Spanish/Portuguese articles, animal studies, and studies that did not address SUD were excluded. Additional exclusion criteria included studies involving only familial risk of substance use or abstinence, as well as studies without NAc analysis or structural MRI analysis. 52 cross-sectional studies regarding associations between NAc volumes and SUDs were selected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reviewed studies suggest that NAc may play a pivotal role as an associated factor in addiction, with strong associations mainly to cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Other substances show inconsistent findings. Discrepancies in results may reflect differences in study designs, type of volumetric analysis employed, and control over confounding variables. Future studies with multimodal approaches and control of confounding variables are required to strengthen these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital interventions for depressive symptoms: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Júlio César Bebber, Bruno Braga Montezano, Analise de Souza Vivan, Thyago Antonelli-Salgado, Kyara Rodrigues de Aguiar, Aline Zimerman, Augusto Ossamu Shintani, Marta Braga Ryff Moreira, Roberta Campos, Lidiane Rodrigues, Guilenne Frisina Zaffari, Glória Mallmann, Rafaela Fernandes Pulice, Victória Chiodelli Senger, Juliana Rosendo Vargas, Camila Zimmer, Mirian Cristina Dos Santos Amaral, Gabriel Gonçalves Veloso, Giancarlo Franceschi Dalla Vecchia, Júlio César Bisognin Lopez, André Russowsky Brunoni, Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte, Ives Cavalcante Passos, Daniela Tusi Braga","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a prevalent mental health condition with a significant global burden, yet treatment coverage remains limited. Digital interventions offer a promising avenue for expanding access to evidence-based interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a three-arm randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of an app-based intervention and an online group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) to reduce depressive symptoms compared to a waiting list control (WLC). Participants (N=109) with PHQ-9 scores ≥9 were randomized into three groups. Informed consent was obtained. The primary outcome, depressive symptoms, was assessed at baseline and every 4 weeks over 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes included anxiety symptoms, loneliness perception, and treatment-related adverse effects. We used one-tailed Student's t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests, adjusting p-values for false discovery rate. Statistical significance was set at 5%. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05450614.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After excluding dropouts, 58 participants remained (28 app; 19 GCBT; 11 WLC). Most were women (app: 86%; GCBT: 89%; WLC: 100%) and identified as white (app: 61%; GCBT: 63%; WLC: 82%), aged 36 to 39, with high income and education. Only GCBT showed a significant reduction in anxiety (t(23.92) = 2.20, p = 0.019; padj = 0.038; Cohen's d = 0.81, 95% CI [0.17, ∞). The remaining comparisons were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While only GCBT showed significant improvement in anxiety symptoms, both treatments showed trends toward depressive symptom reduction. High dropout rates and a small sample may have impacted results. Further research should assess the long-term impact and scalability of digital interventions in mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic control method for evaluating mental public health policies: the case of Yellow September campaign in Brazil.","authors":"Lucas Emanuel de Oliveira Silva, Leonam de Oliveira Silva, Gabriela Morais Celestino Amaral, Jorge Artur Peçanha Coelho Miranda, Valfrido Leao de-Melo-Neto","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1031","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Causal inference from observational data remains a significant challenge for scholars and policymakers, particularly in assessing the impact of public health policies where randomization is often infeasible.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of the Yellow September campaign on suicide rates in Brazil using the synthetic control method (SCM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental design was applied using annual suicide rate data from 2000 to 2019. Socioeconomic and demographic variables were obtained from the World Bank and WHO datasets. The SCM was employed to construct a counterfactual scenario simulating suicide rates in the absence of the campaign, using Latin American countries as control units.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthetic control model demonstrated a strong alignment between Brazil and its synthetic counterpart in the pre-intervention period. However, post-2015 analysis revealed a 9.2% increase in suicide rates in Brazil compared to the synthetic control. Brazil exhibited a post-/pre-intervention RMSPE ratio of 4.18, the highest among all countries in the donor pool. However, placebo tests indicated that this observed increase was not statistically significant, suggesting the difference may reflect random variation or other factors unrelated to the campaign.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Yellow September campaign had no statistically significant impact on reducing suicide rates in Brazil. While the observed increase in suicide rates may reflect improved case reporting or contextual influences, these findings underscore the complexity of evaluating mental health policies. Complementary strategies and further research are needed to better understand the campaign's effects and address the multifaceted nature of suicide prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent and Joint Associations of Physical Fitness and Mental Health Symptoms in University Students: A Cross-sectional Analysis.","authors":"Maria E A Guimarães, Debora Tornquist, Eduarda Bitencourt Dos Santos, Julia Amaral Teixeira, Aline Josiane Waclawovsky, Juliana Dias, Gabriela Remor, Gabriel Peinado Costa, Átila Alexandre Trapé, Laura Santos Castro, Isadora Fernanda de Freitas Cunha, Pedro Moraes Dutra Agricola, Thiago Sousa Matias, Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da Silva, Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho, Daniel Alvarez Pires, Andrea Camaz Deslandes, Felipe Barretoz Schuch","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between physical fitness and mental health is recognized, with evidence suggesting that physical fitness components may offer added protection against mental health issues. However, whether this applies to university students, who commonly experience anxiety and depression, is less clear. This cross-sectional study explores the association of physical fitness with anxiety and depression symptoms in ≥18-year-old students from seven Brazilian universities. Mental health was evaluated using the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Physical fitness was assessed via handgrip strength, vertical jump, and the 20m Shuttle-Run test, with students classified into low or high fitness based on genderspecific medians. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to analyze the relationship between physical fitness, anxiety, and depression. The sample included 199 students (52.6% women; median age=21). Those scoring above the median in 2 or 3 physical fitness tests had lower rates of depressive symptoms (PR= 0.53; 95%Confidence Interval (CI): 0.33 - 0.84) compared to those with 0 or 1 tests. Higher jump height also corresponded with reduced depression risk (PR=0.65; 95%CI: 0.44-0.97) and lower co-occurrence of depression and anxiety (Adjusted PR = 0.55; 95%CI = 0.31 - 0.99). 2 or 3 tests above the median corresponded to a decreased likelihood of co-ocurrence of anxiety and depressive symptoms (PR= 0.43; 95%CI: 0.26 - 0.71). No significant association was found between physical fitness and anxiety alone. Thus, higher physical fitness was associated with fewer depressive symptoms among university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide mortality in Brazil: an interrupted time series analysis.","authors":"Matheus Santos Melo, Thiago Alves Martins, Rivadávio Fernandes Batista de Amorim, Tainá Raiol, Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro, Allan Dantas Dos Santos","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted global mental health, affecting mortality from suicide. This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on suicide mortality in Brazil from 2000 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study of temporal events with data of events by suicide of the Mortality Information System (MIS). Mortality were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants. Differences before and during the pandemic were evaluated with the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Prais-Winsten regression. Interrupted Temporal Series (ITS) analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2000 and 2022, there were 243,143 cases of suicide in Brazil. During the pandemic, the median monthly mortality increased from 0.4 to 0.6 per 100,000 inhabitants, with a trend of an increase of 0.78% per month.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Because it is an ecological study, it is not possible to have individual conclusions. Secondary data and population estimates may be inaccurate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has increased suicide mortality in Brazil, highlighting the need for more effective mental health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Profile of an Opioid Use Disorder Outpatient Clinic in Brazil.","authors":"Mariana Campello de Oliveira, Cláudia Carneiro de Araujo Palmeira, Julia Rodrigues Arana, André Brooking Negrão, João Felippe Donaire Rapozero, Ziyad Abdel Hadi, Maria Amália Accari Pedrosa, Joice Lanne Pereira da Silva, Guilherme Trevisan Kortas, Douglas Crispim, André Malbergier, João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study represents the first clinical descriptive study on opioid use disorder (OUD) in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comparative cross-sectional study involved 314 adult patients at the Addiction Outpatient Clinic of Instituto Perdizes, São Paulo, from April 2023 to August 2024. Data were collected through interviews, using the validated Brazilian Portuguese version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID). Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests for categorical variables, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were evaluated and divided in two groups: OUD group (OUDG) with 45 (14.3%) and non-opioid use disorder group (NOUDG) with 269 (85,87%). In the OUDG, 26.7% were healthcare professionals (p < 0.001; 95%CI 3.34 - 7.92), and there was a high incidence of chronic pain (55.6%) (p < 0.001; 95%CI 2.60 - 4.13). Healthcare utilization was notably higher among OUD patients, with 73.3% attending healthcare services in the past six months (p < 0.001; 95%CI 1.14 - 4.97).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Emerging data reveal a growing trend in opioid use in low- and middle-income countries, with Brazil witnessing a notable rise in opioid prescriptions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Developing effective preventive strategies for OUD is crucial to mitigating its significant public health risks. Chronic pain conditions and healthcare professionals may represent vulnerable groups with an elevated risk of developing OUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on the Ketogenic Diet as a Non-pharmacological Intervention For Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Jade Shelp, Cristiano Chaves, Alexander Terpstra, Elena Koning, Fabiano A Gomes, Jennifer Fabe, Vitor Breda, Nicole Laurent, Christopher Palmer, Elisa Brietzke","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mood disorder characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia, significantly impacting cognitive function and daily living. Despite available pharmacological treatments, nearly one-third of individuals with MDD do not achieve adequate symptom relief with conventional treatments. The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that induces ketosis, has emerged as a potential non-pharmacological intervention for MDD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide a comprehensive perspective on the current knowledge and gaps regarding the potential antidepressant effect of the KD, emphasizing its safety, efficacy, and mechanistic pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review synthesizes data from preclinical and clinical studies on the effects of KD on mood, cognitive function, and its potential as an antidepressant. Mechanistic insights from animal and human studies are explored to elucidate possible pathways through which KD may exert its effects on MDD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evidence from animal models suggests that KD may reduce depressive-like behaviors and improve cognitive function. Preliminary human studies, including case reports and observational studies, indicate potential benefits such as mood stabilization, increased energy, and reduced depression severity. Proposed mechanisms include immune-inflammatory regulation, correction of mitochondrial dysfunction, and neurotransmitter modulation. However, key gaps remain, particularly regarding the therapeutic window, long-term efficacy, and specific mechanisms of action in MDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>KD represents a promising avenue for further investigation as a non-pharmacological treatment of MDD. Further research is needed to establish its clinical utility, identify predictors of response, and assess its feasibility as a treatment option for MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between empathy and personality in a sample of Brazilian medical students: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Vinicius F Freitas, Pedro G P Rosa, Yasmin N Ávila, Décio G Natrielli, Marcos S Croci, Eduardo C Humes, Marcelo J A A Brañas","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Empathy is crucial in patient-centered care, enabling shared decision-making, better satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. We examined the association between empathy and personality in a sample of medical students from Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised medical students from the first to sixth year at a private university in Sao Paulo. Empathy was evaluated cross-sectionally using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory was used to assess personality domains. A multivariate linear regression analysis modeled the association between personality and empathy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample consisted of 227 subjects. The mean age was 24.2 (SD 4.3) years, and the sample was predominately female (75%). Higher levels of Neuroticism (β = 2.11, 95% CI 0.84-3.38, P = 0.001) and Agreeableness (β = 2.50, 95% CI 1.46-3.53, P < 0.001) were associated with higher empathy scores. Extraversion (β = 0.00, 95% CI -1.26-1.26, P = 0.998); Openness to Experience (β = 0.85, 95% CI -0.28-1.98, P = 0.138), and Conscientiousness (β = -0.80, 95% CI -1.95-0.35, P = 0.173) did not show significant associations with empathy scores. Female gender, year in the program, and sociodemographic characteristics did not show significant associations with empathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both Neuroticism and Agreeableness were found to be associated with higher empathy. We review available interventions to enhance empathy and identified potential medical education curricular changes that could foster empathy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bias and Balance in Psychedelic Academia- A Tricky Business.","authors":"Jordan Bawks, Fabiano Gomes","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes and risk factors of death among individuals with alcohol use disorder hospitalized with COVID-19: an observational Brazilian cohort study.","authors":"Fabrício Emanuel Soares de Oliveira, Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli, Maria Christina L Oliveira, Enrico A Colosimo, Hercílio Martelli, Eduardo A Oliveira","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and mortality risk factors associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed a national database containing information on the clinical and sociodemographic aspects of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome between February 2020 and February 2023 in Brazil, including those aged > 18 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. The primary exposure of interest was a history of AUD before admission and the primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,124,285 patients, 11,433 (0.53 %) had AUD. The in-hospital mortality rate was higher in the patients with AUD (46.2%) than in those without AUD (31.9%). After adjusting for confounding covariates, individuals with AUD had twice the risk of death (Odds Ratio [OR]= 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85-2.03) compared with non-AUD patients. Among individuals with AUD, the covariates independently associated with the primary outcome were age > 60 years, male sex, hospitalization in the Central-West, Northeast and North regions, symptoms of dyspnea and reduced oxygen saturation at admission, presence of comorbidities, and year of admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population-based study, we found that patients with AUD had twice the risk of fatal outcomes than those without AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}