Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"A decade of the SABES-Grad study: History, methodology, and preliminary findings on mental health trends of Brazilian undergraduate students.","authors":"Lauro Miranda Demenech, Lucas Neiva-Silva, Samuel C Dumith","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the development and methodology of the Health and Wellness of Undergraduate Students (SABES-Grad) project, and to present preliminary findings based on four waves of repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted over a ten-year period (2014/15-2024/25).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four cross-sectional surveys on the mental health of undergraduates at the Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG) were conducted in 2014/15, 2018/19, 2020/21, and 2024/25. These surveys were based on independent samples using consistent methodology, enabling the analysis of temporal trends at the population level. In three editions, systematic clustered random sampling was used with in-person data collection. The 2020/21 edition, conducted online due to the COVID-19 pandemic, was a multicenter study involving five universities across all regions of Brazil. Key topics investigated included generalized anxiety, social anxiety, major depression, suicide risk, perceived stress, and drug use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 4,897 FURG students were analyzed (2014/15=1,423; 2018/19=996; 2020/21=1,437; 2024/25=1,041). Changes were observed in the student profile, including increased sexual diversity, intensified academic migration, and decreased family income. The prevalence of mental health outcomes increased over time, while drug use dropped sharply during the pandemic and remained low in 2024/25.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SABES-Grad is one of the longest-standing studies on the topic in Brazil, contributing to a deeper understanding of the challenges faced in higher education and to the training of dozens of professionals and researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle and mental health among first-year undergraduate students during the first academic semester: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Tâmaro Chagas Mendes, Roberta Barbizan Petinari, Patrick Wander Endlich","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The transition to university represents a significant period of adaptation for students. This study aimed to assess lifestyle patterns among first-year undergraduate students and to examine their associations with sociodemographic, academic, and mental health factors during the first academic semester.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective closed-cohort study with first-year undergraduate students from a Brazilian public university. At baseline (T1), 288 students completed an online survey, and 140 were reassessed at the end of the semester (T2). Lifestyle was assessed using the University Short Multidimensional Inventory on Lifestyle Evaluation (U-SMILE), and depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). We used linear regression models to examine cross-sectional associations at baseline and repeated-measures ANCOVA to examine changes in lifestyle according to depression and anxiety screening trajectories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, male students, higher family income, and enrollment in health-related programs were associated with higher lifestyle scores. Lower substance use, better sleep, greater social support, and higher total lifestyle scores were associated with fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms scores. Lifestyle scores did not change across the semester, yet higher scores were observed among students with persistently negative screening for depression or anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lifestyle behaviors did not change during the first academic semester. Still, better lifestyle scores were associated with healthier mental health among first-year university students. These findings suggest that differences in lifestyle and mental health may reflect baseline characteristics rather than short-term changes during the semester.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Does a Dimension Become a Disorder? Defining Diagnostic Boundaries in Modern Psychiatry.","authors":"José Alexandre S Crippa","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related and seasonal patterns of self-harm and suicide among children and adolescents: a decade-long population-based time-series study in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.","authors":"Luiza Gandolfi de Almeida, João Carlos Xikota, Jairo Vinícius Pinto","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine decade-long temporal trends, seasonal patterns, and sex- and age-specific differences in self-harm notifications and suicide mortality among children and adolescents in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a time-series study using data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System and the Mortality Information System. Self-harm notifications and suicide deaths among individuals aged 5-19 years between July 2014 and June 2024 were included. Sociodemographic and event-related characteristics were described. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated by sex and age group. Temporal trends and seasonality were assessed using seasonal and trend decomposition using loess.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15,550 self-harm notifications were recorded, predominantly among adolescents aged 15-19 years (67.5%) and females (74.8%). The overall incidence of self-harm notifications was 87.8 per 1,000,000 inhabitants, with higher rates among females (IRR 3.12; 95% CI: 3.01-3.24). Notifications increased steadily over the decade and showed moderate seasonality, with peaks between September and November. During the same period, 434 suicide deaths were recorded, mainly among males (68.4%) and adolescents aged 15-19 years (83.2%). Suicide mortality among individuals aged 10-19 years was 3.63 per 1,000,000, higher in males (IRR 2.07; 95% CI: 1.70-2.54). Suicide mortality remained relatively stable and showed weak seasonal variation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-harm notifications increased substantially over the past decade and displayed clear seasonal patterns, whereas suicide mortality remained comparatively stable. Marked differences by sex and age underscore the need for developmentally informed, sex-sensitive prevention strategies and strengthened youth mental health surveillance in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal Alterations in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging.","authors":"Gabriel Moreli Ribeiro, Érico de Carvalho Leitão Pimentel, Larissa de Goes, Juliana Avila Duarte, Anderson Ravy Stolf, Fabiano Reis","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition defined by impairments in social communication and interaction alongside restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests. Alterations in the hippocampus are likely associated with cognitive and behavioral manifestations of ASD. This study aims to map the methods used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the hippocampus in ASD and to investigate its reported alterations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a literature search using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords across PubMed, Embase, BVS, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO. Original case-control, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies evaluating patients with ASD using MRI were eligible for inclusion. Data was manually extracted and charted in four tables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 104 studies were included, encompassing neuroimaging modalities such as structural morphometry, diffusion imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and perfusion imaging. Reported findings across studies included atypical hippocampal overgrowth during early development, reduced N-acetylaspartate levels in children, chronic hypoperfusion extending into early adulthood, hyperrecruitment of specific hippocampal regions that improperly connect with cortical areas, reduced microstructural integrity in adulthood, and a notable decline in hippocampal volume as individuals age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current evidence suggests that the hippocampus may undergo multimodal alterations in ASD, spanning morphometric, microstructural, metabolic, functional, and perfusion domains, and that these alterations may be age-dependent. Longitudinal research is required to delineate age-specific thresholds for these changes and elucidate their associations with neurodevelopmental outcomes in ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST) for the Brazilian general population.","authors":"Victória Hecktheuer Hallal, Thierry de Souza Berny, Adriane Rosa, Karen Jansen, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Vera Lúcia Marques de Figueiredo, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Functional capacity refers to an individual's ability to perform daily activities essential for independent living and social participation. The Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST) is widely used to assess functional impairment across multiple domains, particularly in bipolar disorder.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To psychometrically validate the FAST in the non-clinical population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1,560 young adults were assessed through standardized interviews. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using polychoric matrices and robust estimators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory analysis identified a five-factor structure (Autonomy, Work, Cognition, Finances, and Interpersonal Relations/Leisure), with excellent sampling adequacy (KMO = 0.919) and 63% explained variance. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated excellent model fit: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.957, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.952, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.038 (90% confidence interval: 0.035-0.041), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.050, and Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) = 0.993. Factor loadings ranged from 0.432 to 0.887, and internal consistency was high (α = 0.871; ω = 0.892). Convergent validity was supported by a moderate negative correlation with the mental component of the SF-12 (ρ = -0.445; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings provide robust evidence of validity and reliability of the FAST in the non-clinical population, supporting further investigation of its use in mental health research and preventive settings involving young adults in Southern Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Socioeconomic Status and the Risk of Anxiety and Depression in Latin America: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Gabrielle Silva Xabregas, Natia Horato, Pablo E P Dutra, Laiana Azevedo Quagliato, Antonio E Nardi","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence suggests that low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poorer physical and mental health outcomes. However, there is still a scarcity of systematic reviews on this association in the Latin American context. This review aimed to analyze the association between low SES and the occurrence of depression and anxiety outcomes in Latin American countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was structured to identify population-focused studies in Latin American countries with low SES and their outcomes related to anxiety and depression. The search strategy was performed in the MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Study selection, data extraction, and evaluation of methodological quality were carried out independently by two reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 224 records identified, seven studies met the inclusion criteria (five cross-sectional, one longitudinal cohort, and one quasi-experimental cross-sectional). The findings indicate that the association between low SES and anxiety and depressionresults from the interaction of individual, social, and structural factors throughout the life course. Women had a higher frequency of symptoms, suggesting that gender inequalities may intensify the effects of low SES on mental health. Among the SES indicators, schooling proved to be the most consistent protective factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study confirm that low SES is a consistent risk determinant for depression and anxiety in Latin American countries, reinforcing the need for government strategies that reduce socioeconomic inequalities, expand access to education, and promote gender equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief remote psychological treatments for healthcare workers with emotional distress during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Giovanni Abrahão Salum, Marianna de Abreu Costa, Lucas Spanemberg, André Rafael Simioni, Natan Pereira Gosmann, Lívia Hartmann de Souza, Pim Cuijpers, Daniel Samuel Pine, André Russowsky Brunoni, Christian Haag Kristensen, Marcelo Pio de Almeida Fleck, Gisele Gus Manfro, Carolina Blaya Dreher","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has catalyzed a widespread mental health crisis, impacting millions of people. This study aimed to compare three brief remote psychological treatments for healthcare workers with emotional distress during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nationwide three-arm randomized clinical trial in Brazil. We included healthcare professionals with high levels of anxiety, depression, or irritability, as defined by Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Participants were randomized to single-session psychoeducation group plus weekly pre-recorded videos for four weeks (SSI-ET), brief cognitive behavioral telepsychotherapy group (B-CBT, four sessions), or brief interpersonal telepsychotherapy (B-IPT, four sessions). The primary outcome was the proportion of participants with a 50% reduction in T-scores in PROMIS scales at one-month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3328 volunteers assessed for eligibility, 999 participants were enrolled, from May 19th 2020 to December 31st 2021, and allocated to SSI-ET (n=342), B-CBT (n=323), or B-IPT (n=334). All groups showed significant symptom reductions in the one-month assessment that were maintained over the three and six-month follow-ups (Cohen's d range=0.94-1.36), with no significant difference between groups. The proportion of responders were 46.5%, 43.7%, and 44.6% for SSI-ET, B-CBT, and B-IPT, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results do not indicate that therapeutic interventions with higher number of sessions and with more specialized therapeutic components offer advantages in alleviating emotional distress, particularly among healthcare workers facing epidemic emergencies. These results have critical implications for planning interventions for crisis responses, especially in settings with limited resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148707740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism-specific spliceosomal transcriptomic signatures in prefrontal cortex contrasted with bipolar disorder.","authors":"Pedro Marmontel, Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte, Flávio Kapczinski, Carmem Gottfried","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding the molecular mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its psychiatric comorbidities, including bipolar disorder (BD), is pivotal for uncovering pathways that shape neurodevelopmental trajectories and clinical heterogeneity. We aimed to identify ASD-specific gene-expression signatures and disrupted biological processes in prefrontal cortex, contrasting them with those observed in BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of RNA-seq datasets from postmortem prefrontal cortex samples of individuals with ASD or BD and controls. Differential expression was assessed with DESeq2, including batch as a covariate in the BD model. Functional interpretation used Gene Ontology over-representation analysis, KEGG Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and gene-concept network visualization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ASD samples showed 45 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), mainly downregulated non-coding RNAs, particularly small nuclear RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs. Enrichment analysis indicated a convergent profile related to RNA processing, spliceosome assembly and spliceosomal activity. In contrast, BD showed 12 candidate DEGs, mostly upregulated protein-coding genes. BD enrichment involved metal ion response and detoxification, amine and peptide hormone responses, vascular regulation and hydrolase activity, with genes associated with neuroinflammation such as SERPINA3 and CHI3L1 contributing to this profile. No shared DEGs or enriched GO Biological Process terms were observed between ASD and BD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results support transcriptomic divergence in the prefrontal cortex, with ASD characterized by spliceosomal dysregulation, contrasting with metal ion response, vascular regulation and inflammation-associated signals in BD. Our findings provide a transcriptomic framework for future studies investigating disorder-specific molecular mechanisms and candidate signatures in ASD and BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility, safety and preliminary effects of ibogaine in patients with moderate and severe alcohol use disorder: a pilot, open-label study.","authors":"Juliana Mendes Rocha, Renan Massanobu Maekawa, José Augusto Silva Reis, Lorena Terene Lopes Guerra, Giordano Novak Rossi, Lucas Silva Rodrigues, Bianca Villanova, Anna Beatriz Vicentini, Caio César de Paula, José Carlos Bouso, Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak, Rafael Guimarães Dos Santos","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2026-1437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ibogaine is a natural hallucinogen with emerging evidence for treating substance use disorders. However, its cardiovascular effects are not fully known, and most clinical data focus on opioid dependence, with limited data for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). This study assessed the feasibility, safety, and preliminary effects of ibogaine in patients with AUD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this preliminary open-label, pilot, feasibility study, nine adults with moderate to severe AUD received oral ibogaine hydrochloride in a sequential order: volunteer 1 20/40/80 mg; volunteer 2 80/160/240 mg, volunteer 3: 240/320 mg, and the next six received a single 400 mg dose. Participants were hospitalized 24-48 hours before dosing with continuous monitoring. Primary outcome included safety measures (QTc interval, vital signs, laboratory tests, adverse effects, and psychiatric assessments). Secondary outcome included alcohol and substance use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>QTc alterations, including transient prolongation and shortening, occurred in five patients. Mild/moderate blood pressure alterations were also observed. Mild/moderate adverse effects were common (drowsiness, nausea, anxiety), particularly at higher doses (240-400 mg). No serious adverse effects were observed, but two patients needed medication for psychomotor agitation, insomnia and hypertension. Most participants reported reductions in alcohol use, but only five completed the study.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Moderate doses of ibogaine showed a cardiotoxic potential that demands rigorous cardiovascular screening and continuous monitoring. Patients reported reduced substance use, but motivation and placebo effects could explain these results. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm efficacy and establish protocols with safety parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}