Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Should systematic reviews and meta-analysis include data from preprints?","authors":"Elisa Brietzke, Fabiano A Gomes, Fernando Gerchman, Rafael C R Freire","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0324","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 ","pages":"e20210324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10164401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9673322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychopathological intersection between obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder: scoping review of similarities and differences.","authors":"Ygor Arzeno Ferrão,&nbsp;Rodrigo Bolsson Radins,&nbsp;João Vítor Bueno Ferrão","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder have distinct diagnostic criteria, some psychopathological phenomena seem to be shared, which may lead to misdiagnosis and erroneous treatment decisions. This scoping review explores the psychopathological similarities and differences between these two disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The review complies with the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and included articles published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish in the last 50 years indexed in the PubMed database. Case-reports were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-three studies with different designs were included (30 [56.5%] were cross-sectional studies; eight [15.1%] were case-control studies; one [1.9%] was a cohort study; three [5.7%] were clinical trials; nine [17%] were reviews/systematic reviews; and two [3.8%] were meta-analyses). The main psychopathological aspects described by the studies included were flashbacks x obsessions; avoidant behavior (AB); depressive, anxious, and somatic symptoms; sexuality, sleep, and appetite; psychiatric comorbidities; and suicidality. The intersection between clinical features seems to occur in the extrinsic psychopathological dimension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The disorders' core psychopathological symptoms (intrinsic characteristics) are distinctly different, since flashbacks and obsessions are consequences of different predominant defective mental functions: the former derives from defective memory, the latter from defective thought. Along the same lines, the ABs observed in the two disorders are products of different purposes and inner necessities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 ","pages":"e20210370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10241527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9839469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural adaptation, content validity, and item analysis of the Objective and Subjective Knowledge and HIV Testing Scale for the Brazilian population.","authors":"Rafaella Alves Silva,&nbsp;Jonathan Leonardo Gonçalves Prudencio,&nbsp;Edson Zangiacomi Martinez,&nbsp;Miriane Lucindo Zucoloto","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To propose a Portuguese version of the Objective and Subjective Knowledge and HIV Testing Scale (OSK-HIV-TS), assess its content validity, and perform item analysis after administration to a sample of undergraduate students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three translators translated the OSK-HIV-TS into Portuguese. Judges evaluated each item of a consensus version of the translated instrument for semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalence. A consensus committee reviewed a back-translation against the original version of the OSK-HIV-TS. Content validity was calculated with the content validity index (CVI) and item analysis was conducted using Classical Test Theory (CTT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The translated scale achieved semantic, idiomatic, conceptual, and cultural equivalence to the original version. A total of 491 undergraduate students participated and the distribution of students' responses to the OSK-HIV-TS revealed a high proportion of correct answers. All items were classified as easy or very easy and only item 16 was classified having strong discrimination power according to the discrimination index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The OSK-HIV-TS is a novel instrument in the Brazilian literature for assessing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge and should inspire more research into HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) behavior and associated factors, which, despite being essential and necessary, is still lacking in the Brazilian literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 ","pages":"e20220519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10451985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of cognitive functioning using the Mini Mental State Examination in men with Alcohol and Crack Cocaine Use Disorder.","authors":"Jaqueline B Schuch,&nbsp;Natália Becker,&nbsp;Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte,&nbsp;Felipe Ornell,&nbsp;Hellen J M Freitas,&nbsp;Fernando P Rebelatto,&nbsp;Anne O Sordi,&nbsp;Flavio Pechansky,&nbsp;Lisia von Diemen,&nbsp;Felix H P Kessler","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0567","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Consumption of substances has been associated with cognitive impairment. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is an easy-to-apply screening tool used to assess cognitive functions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the cognitive performance of individuals with alcohol (AUD) and/or crack cocaine use disorder (CUD) and polysubstance use using the MMSE and to investigate the impact of substance use profile and the moderation effect of educational level on MMSE performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study with 508 adult male inpatients diagnosed with substance use disorders (245 with AUD, 85 with CUD, and 178 with polysubstance use). Cognitive performance was assessed using the MMSE scale (total and composite scores).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with AUD had worse total MMSE scores and scored worse for all three MMSE components compared to individuals with polysubstance use (p < 0.001, oral/written language comprehension, p < 0.001, attention/memory, and p = 0.007, motor functions). MMSE scores were positively correlated with educational level (p < 0.017), but were not associated with age, recent drug use, or years of drug use. Educational level moderated the impact of substance use on MMSE performance, especially total score and composite language comprehension score. Individuals with a low educational level (≤ 8 years) had worse performance than those with a high educational level (≥ 9 years), mainly in individuals with AUD (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Individuals with a low educational level and alcohol use are more prone to present cognitive impairment than crack cocaine users, especially involving language aspects. Better-preserved cognitive function could impact treatment adherence and might guide the decision of therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20220567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10597386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9132716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Health and Wellness of Undergraduate Students (SABES-Grad): methodological aspects of a nationwide multicenter and multilevel study overlapping with the Covid-19 pandemic.","authors":"Lauro Miranda Demenech, Lucas Neiva-Silva, Sandra Mara Silva Brignol, Samira Reschetti Marcon, Sônia Maria Lemos, Rafael Miranda Tassitano, Samuel C Dumith","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0367","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The academic environment can negatively impact the mental health of undergraduate students, particularly in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. This study aimed to describe the methodological and operational aspects of a study of the health and well-being of undergraduate students: the Study on the Health and Wellness of Undergraduate Students (SABES-Grad) project.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a nationwide cross-sectional study divided across two data collection strategies: a single-center, on-site data collection carried out in 2019 at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG) and a multicenter, multilevel, online data collection carried out in 2020/2021 at FURG, the Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), the Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), the Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), and the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE). The main outcomes of interest were depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, and suicide risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 996 students participated in the 2019 data collection (63.8% female; median age of 22 years; response rate of 85.2%) and 5,720 students participated in the 2020/2021 collection (66.7% female; median age of 22 years; response rate of 84.3%). Significant variations in socioeconomic and demographic profiles were observed between the different universities. Approximately one-third of the sample had been tested for Covid-19 in 2020/2021, 7.8% of whom had tested positive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SABES-Grad project was the result of collaborative work between several actors from public universities in Brazil. Several aspects of the preparation and execution of this research are discussed in terms of its originality and relevance. Barriers and limitations and strategies adopted to overcome them are also presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 ","pages":"e20210367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10164404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9936066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stigmatized individuals: a case for precision ethics.","authors":"Devon Watts, Jeff D'Souza, Marco Antonio Azevedo, Gary Chaimowitz, Flavio Kapczinski","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0354","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 1","pages":"e20210354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10164405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9948288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early discharge predictors among inpatients crack cocaine users.","authors":"Edgar Klein,&nbsp;Felipe Ornell,&nbsp;Vinícius S Roglio,&nbsp;Juliana N Scherer,&nbsp;Anne O Sordi,&nbsp;Jaqueline B Schuch,&nbsp;Felix H P Kessler,&nbsp;Lisia von Diemen","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>High rates of early hospital discharge are often observed in crack cocaine users and are related to adverse outcomes and increased public spending. This study evaluated clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with early treatment discharge among crack users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised 308 men diagnosed with crack cocaine use disorder (crack only), aged 18 to 65 years, admitted between 2013 and 2017 to a male-only hospital unit to treat substance use disorders. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained using the Addiction Severity Index, 6th version, and a Sociodemographic Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early discharge (within 7 days) was significantly associated with lack of own income, insufficient family support, being single, and recent homelessness. Regarding drug use, lower treatment retention was related to younger age of crack use onset, recent alcohol use, and nicotine use. Factors such as age, skin color, and educational level showed no relation to the outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that presence of characteristics verifiable at the time of admission may be related to crack users' treatment retention. Identification of these factors can contribute to target interventions in order to improve treatment adherence in crack cocaine users.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 ","pages":"e20210401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10241526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9851023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in healthcare professionals.","authors":"Carolina M Moser,&nbsp;Bárbaran Tietbohl-Santos,&nbsp;Daniel Luccas Arenas,&nbsp;Aurora Xavier,&nbsp;Felipe Ornel,&nbsp;Rogerio Boff Borges,&nbsp;Glen O Gabbard,&nbsp;Pricilla B Laskoski,&nbsp;Simone Hauck","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Burnout syndrome (BS) in healthcare professionals (HCP) has been a major concern, and even more so during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The need for adequate tools to assess BS is urgent. The objective of this study was to validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in HCP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised 1,054 Brazilian HCP. Data were collected for 1 month (May-2020 to June-2020) using an online self-administered questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three CBI dimensions demonstrated optimal reliability. All consistency measures attained values > 0.90. Split-half correlation values with Spearman-Brown reliability were higher than 0.8. The parallel analysis suggested two factors: personal burnout (PB) and work-related burnout (WB) items were associated with factor 1, and client-related burnout (CB) items were associated with factor 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study corroborates the validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the CBI, pointing to a close relation between PB and WB in HCP. A public domain tool with evidence quality to ensure sufficient content validity can aid in burnout evaluation and encourage both expansion of the research field and accurate detection and treatment of this syndrome in Brazilian HCP.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 ","pages":"e20210362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10416248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10450311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of two brief screening tools for at-risk psychosis youth: the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) and the PRIME-Screen.","authors":"Ana Paula Aguiar, Angel Olider Rojas Vistorte, Henrique Teruo Akiba, Paula Oliveira, Deise Palermo Puertas Ruiz, Ary Gadelha, Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan, Pedro Mario Pan","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0276","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prodromal characteristics of psychosis have been described for more than a century. Over the last three decades, a variety of studies have proposed methods to prospectively identify individuals (and youth in particular) who are at high risk of developing a psychotic disorder. These studies have validated various screening instruments and made them available in several languages. Here, we describe the translation into Brazilian Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation of two such screening tools - the Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16) and the Prevention through Risk Identification, Management, and Education (PRIME)-Screen.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two bilingual native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese translated the questionnaires from English. A native English speaker then performed back-translations into English. These back-translated versions were submitted to the original authors. They provided feedback and later approved the final versions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, no items needed to be changed in the adapted PQ-16 and four items were revised in the PRIME-Screen. After the peer-review process, we included two suggestions in the PQ-16 to facilitate use of the tool in our cultural and social contexts. The PRIME-Screen did not need further changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These new instruments can help screen Brazilian Portuguese-speaking patients who are at risk of psychosis in primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"45 1","pages":"e20210276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10164406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9578536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of inflammatory markers in major psychiatric disorders: challenges and perspectives.","authors":"Bianca Wollenhaupt-Aguiar","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0677","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20230677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10640879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9583633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}