{"title":"Targeting cholinergic and endocannabinoid system as a therapeutic intervention for core asd associated phenotypes in autism model: a systematic review.","authors":"Princewill Sopuluchukwu Udodi, Godson Emeka Anyanwu, Ebube Roseline Udodi, Damian Nnabuihe Ezejindu","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has been linked to the dysregulation in the cholinergic and endocannabinoid (EC) system. This study systematically reviews the present literature on treatment strategies aimed at enhancing the activity of both systems in ASD models.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We performed a systematic evaluation of literatures that investigated the effects of different therapeutic interventions on the components of the cholinergic and EC systems in ASD models, following the guidelines provided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Four databases were searched: Google Scholar, Web of science, EMBASE and MEDLINE/PubMed, between August 2012 and February 2023. The selected research papers' references were also examined. Twelve papers (five for cholinergic system, six for EC system and one for the two systems) were reviewed in this study of prior relevant treatment strategies that impact both systems. There were 77 studies cited in total.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of research revealed that different therapeutic interventions down-regulated cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors, and the systems hydrolyzing enzymes and up-regulated EC, Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), and acetylcholine signaling molecules. The regulation of the components of the cholinergic and EC systems by the therapeutics generally enhanced behaviors in ASD models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is possible that there are therapeutic interventions assessed in one of the systems that may be effective in treating the core ASD-associated phenotype. The benefits of the reviewed therapeutic interventions in this study need to be further investigated in randomized, blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Christian de Farias Morais, Shopnil Akash, Edilson Dantas da Silva, Claudio Bruno Silva de Oliveira, João Firmino Rodrigues-Neto, Umberto Laino Fulco, Shahina Akter, Jonas Ivan Nobre Oliveira
{"title":"Atomoxetine: toxicological aspects of a new treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Brazil.","authors":"Gabriel Christian de Farias Morais, Shopnil Akash, Edilson Dantas da Silva, Claudio Bruno Silva de Oliveira, João Firmino Rodrigues-Neto, Umberto Laino Fulco, Shahina Akter, Jonas Ivan Nobre Oliveira","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atomoxetine is a drug widely used for the treatment of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with reduced risk of adverse motor reactions and chemical dependence. However, the pharmacokinetics characteristics as well as the toxicological risk of atomoxetine deserves further investigation to comprehensively analyze the therapeutic and safety aspects of this drug. This study aimed to predict the physicochemical profile and medicinal chemistry characteristics of atomoxetine, alongside its pharmacokinetic properties-namely absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion-as well as its toxicology (ADMET) potential through the utilization of web-based in silico tools. This research emphasizes predicted physicochemical, medicinal chemistry, and absorption parameters of atomoxetine that could influence the efficacy and safety of this drug for ADHD treatment. Additionally, atomoxetine also presents noteworthy predicted risks of hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, respiratory system toxicity, skin toxicity, and carcinogenicity. These findings underscore the necessity for further assessments of atomoxetine's safety profile, particularly considering different patient populations and durations of drug treatment. The data reported here from in silico predictions suggest that closer monitoring is warranted when atomoxetine is administered to patients with ADHD. Moreover, controlled studies detailing reliable protocols for personalized dosing, considering the multifactorial variability in metabolism efficiency and toxicological potential, would enable a more comprehensive assessment of atomoxetine's safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PID-5-SRF online administration: psychometric indicators and measurement invariance between different formats of data collection.","authors":"Ana Maria Barchi-Ferreira, Flavia Osório","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The PID-5 is a tool used to assess maladaptive personality traits according to the DSM-5 Alternative Model. Objective: The objective is to seek evidence of the validity and reliability of the Personality Inventory for DMS-5 (PID-5-SRF) admin-istered online and assess its measurement invariance compared to the paper-and-pencil administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 274 individuals from the general population (73.4% of women; 34.76 years old ±11.6) completed the instrument online after the study was dissemi-nated on social media and among the authors' contacts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Internal consistency (facets α≥0.70; domains α≥0.89) and test-retest reliability (15 to 30 days: facets ICC≥0.63; domains ICC≥0.82) were satisfactory, but a floor effect was found in almost all the items. A large number of facets (N=9) showed better fit to a bifactorial structure, and the Exploratory Factor Analysis suggested that a six-factor model better fits the data. Measurement invariance between the online and paper-and-pencil administrations was not attested at a configural level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results revealed satisfactory psychometric indicators when the instrument was applied online, confirming its feasibility in collecting data. However, the in-strument's structure is not invariant, and caution must be adopted when compar-ing and interpreting data collected through different formats.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milton Moçambique, Daniela Benzano, Lisia von Diemen, Felix H P Kessler, Jaqueline B Schuch, Flavio Pechansky
{"title":"A hierarchical analysis of associated factors to lifetime suicide attempts in alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Milton Moçambique, Daniela Benzano, Lisia von Diemen, Felix H P Kessler, Jaqueline B Schuch, Flavio Pechansky","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substance use is strongly associated with suicide attempts throughout life. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of suicide attempts (SA) and associated factors in life in patients with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample consisted of 424 men with AUD who underwent treatment at the Addiction Psychiatry Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. The clinical evaluation included the Addiction Severity Index, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Variables that showed p-value < 0.05 in the bivariate analyses were included in a hierarchical regression model with robust variance to investigate associations with SA in life via estimation of adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lifetime prevalence of SA among alcohol users was 36.6%. Patients with childhood maltreatment, borderline personality disorder, and higher impulsivity scores had a higher lifetime prevalence of SA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that male inpatient alcoholics present an important prevalence of SA. The study also corroborates the relationship between maltreatment, impulsivity, and borderline personality disorder with SA among inpatients in treatment for AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flavia Ismael, Artur Ramos, Rafael Erik de Menezes, Regina Maura Zetone Grespam, Cibele Cristine Remondes Sequeira, Jair de Jesus Mari, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia
{"title":"Addressing Mental Health Needs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: The case of São Caetano do Sul, Brazil.","authors":"Flavia Ismael, Artur Ramos, Rafael Erik de Menezes, Regina Maura Zetone Grespam, Cibele Cristine Remondes Sequeira, Jair de Jesus Mari, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>São Caetano do Sul, a city in southeastern Brazil, boasts exemplary social indicators and healthcare services, with a population of 162,763 and a density of 9,736.03 inhabitants/km². Allocating 25% of its budget to healthcare, the city's mental healthcare services adhere to the National Mental Health Policy. Structured services include a CAPS-II, CAPS-AD, outpatient teams, and teams in various locations. Initiatives since 2000 include inaugurating a CAPS-AD in 2006, a psychiatric emergency service in 2010, and a CAPS-II in 2016, relocating CAPS-AD in 2019, and establishing the Cuca Legal Project in 2022. São Caetano do Sul has a Mental Health Risk Classification Protocol to aid clinical decision-making. Developing care lines for various groups, it offers programs like smoking prevention, school psychology, and obesity support. Collaborating with community centers, these facilities serve as teaching environments. The mental health care network focuses on five axes: Communication, Care, Prevention, Management, and Education, with specific proposed actions and competencies. Despite progress, challenges remain. Expanding access, reducing stigma, and implementing robust monitoring are crucial. São Caetano do Sul's experience offers valuable insights for similar urban settings in LMICs developing mental health programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Bender Nabinger, Alana Castro Panzenhagen, Thricy Dahmer, Roberto Farina Almeida, André Utsch Dias, Brenio Felipe Batista Pereira, Cristine Weihrauch Pedro, Graziela Smaniotto Rodrigues, Izabela Keuffer Adão, Pedro Henrique Oliveira Robini, Julia Sampaio Silva, Rafael Rocha, Raul Prates Dantas, José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira, Edison Capp, Flávio Milman Shansis
{"title":"Early-life trauma, impulsivity and suicide attempt: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Alexandra Bender Nabinger, Alana Castro Panzenhagen, Thricy Dahmer, Roberto Farina Almeida, André Utsch Dias, Brenio Felipe Batista Pereira, Cristine Weihrauch Pedro, Graziela Smaniotto Rodrigues, Izabela Keuffer Adão, Pedro Henrique Oliveira Robini, Julia Sampaio Silva, Rafael Rocha, Raul Prates Dantas, José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira, Edison Capp, Flávio Milman Shansis","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suicide is a worldwide health concern and up to date there is no good predictor of it except a previous suicide attempt. Therefore, there are increasing efforts in the understanding of which factors, genetic or environmental, are associated with suicide behaviour.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review evidence of the effect of childhood trauma and impulsivity on suicidal behavior through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Searches were conducted on the 12th of June 2021 in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Two reviewers evaluated each record for eligibility and discussed upon disagreement, when no consensus was reached, a third reviewer was involved to make a decision.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11,530 records were identified through the searches. After duplicates were removed, 6,595 records remained to be screened. The full text was sought for 1,561 records. Our qualitative synthesis included 22 studies, from which 9 were included in the meta-analyses. We found a significant effect of sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse and physical neglect on suicide attempts in the prisoners, and Substance Use Diorder (SUD) subgroups. Moreover, there was a significant effect of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) total score and emotional neglect dimension for all the subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study has provided an overview of the state-of-the-art research on childhood trauma and impulsivity and their association with suicidal behavior and quantified their effects on suicide attempts. Hopefully this evidence will be considered in future research and harnessed for clinical gain in detection and treatment of suicide behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andressa Goldman Ruwel, Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer, Daiane Silvello, Felix Henrique Paim Kessler, Lisia von Diemen, Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
{"title":"Hematological inflammatory biomarkers in patients with alcohol and cocaine use disorders.","authors":"Andressa Goldman Ruwel, Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer, Daiane Silvello, Felix Henrique Paim Kessler, Lisia von Diemen, Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelets-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are biomarkers easy-to-obtain and could be used in clinical practice to verify an inflammatory status and are associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cocaine use disorder (CUD). Our aim was to compare NLR, MLR and PLR among men with AUD and CUD and to assess the relationship between these biomarkers and addiction-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study comprising 979 inpatient men diagnosed with substance use disorder (391 with AUD and 588 with CUD) under hospital treatment for drug addiction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with AUD had higher NLR and MLR (p=0.041, p<0.001 respectively) compared to individuals with CUD. In the AUD group, positive correlations between age and MLR (r=0.111; p=0.029), NLR and liver enzymes ALT and AST (r=0.103, p=0.043; r=0.155, p=0.002; respectively), and MLR and ALT, AST and GGT levels were observed (r=0.173, p=0.001; r=0.242, p<0.001; r=0.167, p=0.001, respectively). Individuals with CUD showed a positive correlation between age and NLR (r=0.113; p=0.006). The presence of clinical comorbidities, HIV, HCV and syphilis were not associated with NLR, MLR, and PLR (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These biomarkers are a rapid and inexpensive way to assess the effects of substance use on the inflammatory profile. Our findings contribute with valuable insights into the distinctive inflammatory profiles associated with AUD and CUD. These insights could guide further research and the development of more studies, which could include control groups, in order to refine the clinical applicability of these biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francine Zanette Machado, Manuela Silva Silveira da Mota, Ester Pereira Dos Santos, Divya Prasad, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso, Benicio N Frey, Karen Jansen, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Thaise Campos Mondin, Flavio Kapczinski, Fernanda Pedrotti Moreira, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva
{"title":"Factors associated with suicide risk in young women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder: A population-based study.","authors":"Francine Zanette Machado, Manuela Silva Silveira da Mota, Ester Pereira Dos Santos, Divya Prasad, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso, Benicio N Frey, Karen Jansen, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Thaise Campos Mondin, Flavio Kapczinski, Fernanda Pedrotti Moreira, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are more likely to report suicide ideation and behavior when compared to women without PMDD. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the risk factors for suicide risk in women with PMDD. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the factors associated with suicide risk in young women with PMDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study including 128 young women with PMDD who were recruited from the community. PMDD and suicide risk were assessed by trained psychologists using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-PLUS). Suicide risk evaluation includes six questions that assess suicidal intention, planning and previous attempts. Subjects who answer yes to any of the six questions are classified as having current suicide risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of current suicide risk in women with PMDD was 28.1%. The factors associated with suicide risk in this population were: presenting current panic disorder (OR: 18.71 [95% CI: 1.02 - 343.27], p=0.048), a non-white skin color (OR: 4.18 [CI 95%: 1.28 - 13.61], p=0.018), greater severity of depressive symptoms (OR: 1.22 [95% CI: 1.12 - 1.32], < 0.001), and history of childhood trauma (OR: 1.04 [95% CI: 1.01 - 1.08], 0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that there are key sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with suicide risk in young women with PMDD, enabling clinicians to identify at-risk individuals who could benefit from further screening and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giovana Bristot, Jacson Gabriel Feiten, Bianca Pfaffenseller, Gabriel Henrique Hizo, Gabriela Maria Pereira Possebon, Fernanda Endler Valiati, Jairo Vinícius Pinto, Marco Antonio Caldieraro, Marcelo Pio de Almeida Fleck, Clarissa Severino Gama, Márcia Kauer-Sant'Anna
{"title":"Early growth response 1 (EGR1) is downregulated in peripheral blood from patients with major psychiatric disorders.","authors":"Giovana Bristot, Jacson Gabriel Feiten, Bianca Pfaffenseller, Gabriel Henrique Hizo, Gabriela Maria Pereira Possebon, Fernanda Endler Valiati, Jairo Vinícius Pinto, Marco Antonio Caldieraro, Marcelo Pio de Almeida Fleck, Clarissa Severino Gama, Márcia Kauer-Sant'Anna","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0749","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate relative expression of genes with the potential to translate environmental stimuli into long-term alterations in the brain - namely Early Growth Response (EGR)1, EGR3, and Cryptochrome Circadian Regulator 2 (CRY2) - in peripheral blood from patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD), Schizophrenia (SZ), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty individuals ranging from 18 to 60 years were recruited for each group (BD, SZ, MDD or HC) from a Brazilian public hospital. Therefore, individuals' peripheral blood was collected and EGR1, EGR3 and CRY2 gene expression analyzed by PCR Real Time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EGR1 mRNA levels are significantly lower in psychiatric patients when compared to HC, but there is no difference for EGR3 and CRY2. Exploring the findings for each diagnosis, there is a significant difference between each diagnosis group only for EGR1, which was lower in BD, MDD and SZ as compared to HC. No significant correlations were found between gene expression and clinical features.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EGR1 is downregulated in psychiatric patients, regardless of the diagnosis and may be a potential common target in major psychiatric disorders. EGR1, as a transcription factor, modulates many other genes and participates in crucial neuronal and synaptic processes, such as plasticity, neurotransmitters metabolism, vesicular transport and signaling pathways. The study of EGR1 and its upstream regulators in psychiatry might lead to potential new therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11815351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Atienza-Carbonell, Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, Alberto Bermejo-Franco, Laura Carrascosa-Iranzo
{"title":"Stigmatizing Attitudes towards Mental Illness among University Students: a Comparative Study with the General Population.","authors":"B. Atienza-Carbonell, Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, Alberto Bermejo-Franco, Laura Carrascosa-Iranzo","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0708","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000The aim of this study is to compare stigmatizing attitudes, reported and intended behavior, and knowledge of mental illness between university students and the general population.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000An online cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The survey included socio-demographic data and validated stigma questionnaires (AQ-27, RIBS, and MAKS). Descriptive, bivariate analyses and multiple regression modeling were employed to analyze the data.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000A total of 506 participants completed the survey, including 226 (44.7%) university students (61.1% women) and 280 (55.3%) individuals from the general population (69.3% women). For both groups, women and individuals who had lived with someone with mental health problems exhibited more positive attitudes (p < 0.05). University students reported greater knowledge of mental illness (p < 0.05) than the general population. After controlling for covariates, university students only scored higher than the general population in the blame factor of AQ-27 (p < 0.05). Additionally, older participants from both groups exhibited higher levels of stigmatizing attitudes compared to those of a younger age.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000These findings suggest that university students exhibit similar levels of stigmatizing attitudes to the general population. Among both groups, female sex, older age, previous contact with individuals with mental illness, and greater knowledge of mental health are all associated with less stigma toward people with mental illness. Tailored interventions grounded in contact with mental illness have the potential to help reduce stigmatizing attitudes within both groups.","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":"53 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139384749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}