Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Identifying borderline traits in a Brazilian community sample using the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 factors.","authors":"André Pereira Gonçalves, Lucas de Francisco Carvalho","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to examine the discriminative capacity of Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) factors in identifying individuals with elevated Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) traits within a Brazilian community sample while proposing an optimal cutoff score for distinguishing high BPD trait levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The participant cohort consisted of 1,469 adults who completed assessments, including the Level of Personality Functioning Scale - Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS), Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), IDCP-2, and Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV - Personality Questionnaire (PQ-SCID-II). We categorized participants into three groups by utilizing the traits outlined in the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) from DSM-5 Section III. Furthermore, latent profile analysis based on PID-5 facets revealed the existence of three empirically derived profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that IDCP-2 factors exhibited substantial discriminative power, marked by large effect sizes across most factors. To minimize false negatives, we suggest a conservative cutoff score of 22 as the most effective threshold for identifying individuals with high levels of BPD traits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The BPD score generated from IDCP-2 factors holds significant promise in clinical practice, offering valuable insights into a patient's propensity to exhibit a BPD profile and provide a comprehensive clinical profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological Changes in Clozapine Users: A Study in a Brazilian Community Sample.","authors":"Natalia Daher, Mateus Diniz, Renan Biokino, Pedro Lorencetti, Carolina Ziebold, Raffael Massuda, Ary Gadelha","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clozapine is the only antipsychotic with proven superior efficacy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, global utilization rates remain suboptimal due to concerns about hematological side effects. This study aimed to investigate hematological abnormalities among clozapine users at a large community center in the Brazilian countryside.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study adopts a real-world approach and was conducted based on a retrospectively analyzed complete blood counts from clozapine users in Goiás, Brazil. We describe the total number and percentage of participants presenting blood dyscrasias. Logistic regression models, using Stata v.18, were employed to evaluate whether sex or age were associated with the presentation of neutropenia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 6,160 complete blood counts from 486 patients taken between 2011 and 2018 were analyzed. Blood dyscrasias were observed in 37.4% of patients, with anemia being the most common (23.6%), followed by thrombocytopenia (9.46%) and eosinophilia (13.7%). Neutropenia occurred in 4.52% of patients, primarily mild (3.9%) and moderate (0.62%), with no cases of agranulocytosis identified.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Clozapine users showed a higher prevalence of blood dyscrasias compared to the overall Brazilian population. Most cases of neutropenia were mild and transient. Our results suggest a lower risk of severe neutropenia and emphasize the need to investigate other blood dyscrasias.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Criminal Responsibility in a Patient with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Intellectual Disability.","authors":"Alexandre Martins Valença, Fabiana Estrela Silveira Bethlem, Gustavo Carvalho de Oliveira, Antonio Geraldo da Silva, Lisieux Elaine de Borba Telles, Antonio Egidio Nardi","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study presents the case of a young man with intellectual disability related to fetal alcohol syndrome, referred for forensic psychiatric examination of criminal liability following charges of armed robbery, and who was considered not criminally liable. In such cases, it is crucial to perform early diagnosis and rely on educational and developmental services and a supportive home environment to decrease complications such as substance use and criminal involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on the Clinical Study of CBD-Rich Cannabis Extract in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.","authors":"Claudio Córdova, Otavio Nóbrega","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual reality: An Emerging Tool for Mental Health.","authors":"Sergio Machado, Rafael Ferreira-Garcia, Lucio Lage, José Carlos Appolinario, Mauro Giovanni Carta, Antonio E Nardi","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0973","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evidence of the adaptation to the Brazilian context of the Childhood Mania Rating Scale - Parent/Guardian Version (CMRS-P).","authors":"Tharso de Souza Meyer, Vera Lúcia Marques de Figueiredo, Eric A Youngstrom, Jaciana Marlova Gonçalves Araújo, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To carry out the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P) for the Brazilian context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Statistical procedures were carried out, based on the analysis of the validity of the internal structure of the scale, as well as its relationship with external variables. 224 parents/guardians of children/adolescents aged between five and 18 years participated in the study. The data collection form included instruments for assessing (hypo)manic symptoms, irritability, inattention, hyperactivity, emotional symptoms and behavioral problems. Data were collected in person, at a public school and at a Psychosocial Care Center, and online (via Google forms). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, measurement invariance analyses, reliability analyzes were performed, as well as convergent and concurrent validity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The one-dimensional model was investigated, showing satisfactory results, similar to those of the original scale. A reduced version was proposed with the ten most robust items from this study. Validity analyzes based on hypotheses indicated higher scores among those subjects with more clinical problems, such as the previous existence of a psychiatric diagnosis. Statistically significant and positive correlations, of low and moderate magnitudes, were observed with the scores of the other instruments used.</p><p><strong>Final considerations: </strong>The results indicated that the adapted versions of the CMRS-P (full scale and reduced form) are promising instruments for use in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Staging of Alcohol Use Disorder: Proposal of a New Stratified Approach.","authors":"Mariana Paim Santos, Bibiana Bolten Lucion Loreto, Lisia von Diemen, Pedro Domingues Goi","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clinical staging is widely applied in various fields of Medicine. Staging makes it possible to constitute early diagnoses and interventions, improving prognosis and preventing disease progression. In relation to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), staging is still an underdeveloped subject in the scientific literature. The treatment of AUD is effective for a minority of patients, requiring more targeted interventions individually. This study aims to propose a staging model for AUD that establishes key factors related to the progression of the disorder.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Non-systematic review of the literature on Pubmed/Medline database focusing on articles about AUD and that present a stratified classification and treatment outcomes for that subpopulation through the progression of the disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model proposed includes stages 0 (latent), I A, I B, II A, II B, III A, III B and IV.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study can be used as a basis for a myriad of other reviews with the aim of validating a staging model in AUD. We recommend a systematic review study to validate the model suggested in this study and correlate clinical aspects with neurobiological aspects and the effectiveness of certain treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work shows that, based on the stratified classification of response to treatment, it is possible to suggest a staging model for AUD. Furthermore, the stages can be subdivided based on different clinical characteristics, risk factors, prognosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smartphone dependence predicts poorer mental health outcomes, eating behaviors, activity levels, and body image: A cluster analysis of Brazilian university students.","authors":"Karen Rodrigues Lima, Bárbara Isabela Amorim, Débora Ribeiro Orlando, Luciano José Pereira, Paula Midori Castelo, Eric Francelino Andrade","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Excessive smartphone use has been linked to mental health impairments and may potentially alter human behavior. These effects are particularly pronounced among young individuals, with university students being especially susceptible to the negative influences of smartphone use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 781 Brazilian university students. We assessed socio-economic variables, smartphone addiction, depression, anxiety, stress outcomes, eating behavior, body image satisfaction, and self-reported physical activity. MANOVA and Chi-square tests were performed to compare continuous and categorical variables between genders. K-means clustering was used to identify participant profiles based on various self-reported variables, with differences between clusters validated using the Z-test and the silhouette coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three clusters were identified. Cluster 1 featured participants with a significant disparity between their perceived and desired body image, higher scores on eating disorders, smartphone addiction, and mental health questionnaires, and lower engagement in physical exercise. Cluster 2 consisted of older participants who scored lower on smartphone addiction and mental health with a higher body mass index. Cluster 3 included younger participants with a smaller silhouette scale disparity, lower eating disorder scores, and lower body mass index. Smartphone addiction showed significant associations with eating disorders in overall eating disorders classification (X²=13.4; p<0.001), bulimic behavior (X²=20.0; p<0.001), and social pressure to eat (X²=4.3; p<0.001). It also negatively correlated with physical exercise (X²=5.7; p=0.017), but not with dieting concerns (X²=0.23; p=0.688).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smartphone addiction is associated with eating disorders, stress, depression, anxiety, and lower levels of physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A transdiagnostic model to prevention in mental and behavioral disorders: a comprehensive review and delineation of a new proposal.","authors":"Graccielle Cunha, Andre Zugman, Pedro Pan, Lais Fonseca, Rodrigo Bressan, Cristiane S Paula, Zila M Sanchez, Jair Mari, Ary Gadelha","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2020-0094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Current disease-specific models for prevention of mental disorders are challenged by the overlap of psychopathology, biological mechanisms, and risk factors. Moreover, mental disorders usually begin during childhood or adolescence, when symptoms fluctuate and are highly non-specific.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We propose a staging model that integrates three domains - psychopathology, functional impairment and risk factors-, in which prevention is defined as actions to avoid stage progression, irrespective of diagnosis. Thus, preventive interventions should be broadened to include mental health promotion and strategies of risk reduction performed individually, at any stage, even for non-symptomatic subjects (before current at-risk definitions) currently exposed to risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The model features three innovations: a focus shift from disease conversion to stage progression, highlights functionality as an independent target, and acknowledgment of risk factors in the staging. The model must be validated before implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of Mental Disorders in Caregivers of Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Gap in the Scientific Literature.","authors":"Sarah Prates, Mariana Troesch, Rafaela Magalhães-Britto, Caroline Dallalana, Paula Studart-Bottó, Gabriela Léda-Rêgo, Juliana Socorro-Casqueiro, Stella Sarmento, Ângela Miranda Scippa","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Caregivers appear to experience mental health implications related to their role in supporting patients with bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to review literature assessing the presence of not only psychiatric symptoms but also mental disorders and personality disorders in caregivers of patients with BD.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a narrative review. Articles were searched in some computerized databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Liliacs, and Scielo up to June 2024. Inclusion criteria comprised articles in any language, focusing on primary caregivers of BD patients, and quantitative studies evaluating the presence of mental disorder, personality disorder, or psychiatric symptoms in this caregiver group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review encompassed 15 articles. Only two studies utilized appropriate diagnostic instruments for assessing mental disorder, and no article evaluated personality disorder. Prevalence of caregiver's psychiatric symptoms and mental disorder was found to be higher compared to the general population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lack of studies employing diagnostic assessment tools for mental disorder in these individuals may impede timely access to treatment, affecting both the caregiver's health and the course of patients with BD. This study provides an updated overview of research on caregivers of patients with BD, despite the limitation of not being a systematic review. Further studies employing diagnostic assessments on caregivers are essential to gain deeper insights into this critical topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}