Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Synthetic control method for evaluating mental public health policies: the case of Yellow September campaign in Brazil.","authors":"Lucas Emanuel de Oliveira Silva, Leonam de Oliveira Silva, Gabriela Morais Celestino Amaral, Jorge Artur Peçanha Coelho Miranda, Valfrido Leao de-Melo-Neto","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1031","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Causal inference from observational data remains a significant challenge for scholars and policymakers, particularly in assessing the impact of public health policies where randomization is often infeasible.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of the Yellow September campaign on suicide rates in Brazil using the synthetic control method (SCM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental design was applied using annual suicide rate data from 2000 to 2019. Socioeconomic and demographic variables were obtained from the World Bank and WHO datasets. The SCM was employed to construct a counterfactual scenario simulating suicide rates in the absence of the campaign, using Latin American countries as control units.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthetic control model demonstrated a strong alignment between Brazil and its synthetic counterpart in the pre-intervention period. However, post-2015 analysis revealed a 9.2% increase in suicide rates in Brazil compared to the synthetic control. Brazil exhibited a post-/pre-intervention RMSPE ratio of 4.18, the highest among all countries in the donor pool. However, placebo tests indicated that this observed increase was not statistically significant, suggesting the difference may reflect random variation or other factors unrelated to the campaign.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Yellow September campaign had no statistically significant impact on reducing suicide rates in Brazil. While the observed increase in suicide rates may reflect improved case reporting or contextual influences, these findings underscore the complexity of evaluating mental health policies. Complementary strategies and further research are needed to better understand the campaign's effects and address the multifaceted nature of suicide prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent and Joint Associations of Physical Fitness and Mental Health Symptoms in University Students: A Cross-sectional Analysis.","authors":"Maria E A Guimarães, Debora Tornquist, Eduarda Bitencourt Dos Santos, Julia Amaral Teixeira, Aline Josiane Waclawovsky, Juliana Dias, Gabriela Remor, Gabriel Peinado Costa, Átila Alexandre Trapé, Laura Santos Castro, Isadora Fernanda de Freitas Cunha, Pedro Moraes Dutra Agricola, Thiago Sousa Matias, Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da Silva, Nicole Leite Galvão-Coelho, Daniel Alvarez Pires, Andrea Camaz Deslandes, Felipe Barretoz Schuch","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between physical fitness and mental health is recognized, with evidence suggesting that physical fitness components may offer added protection against mental health issues. However, whether this applies to university students, who commonly experience anxiety and depression, is less clear. This cross-sectional study explores the association of physical fitness with anxiety and depression symptoms in ≥18-year-old students from seven Brazilian universities. Mental health was evaluated using the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Physical fitness was assessed via handgrip strength, vertical jump, and the 20m Shuttle-Run test, with students classified into low or high fitness based on genderspecific medians. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to analyze the relationship between physical fitness, anxiety, and depression. The sample included 199 students (52.6% women; median age=21). Those scoring above the median in 2 or 3 physical fitness tests had lower rates of depressive symptoms (PR= 0.53; 95%Confidence Interval (CI): 0.33 - 0.84) compared to those with 0 or 1 tests. Higher jump height also corresponded with reduced depression risk (PR=0.65; 95%CI: 0.44-0.97) and lower co-occurrence of depression and anxiety (Adjusted PR = 0.55; 95%CI = 0.31 - 0.99). 2 or 3 tests above the median corresponded to a decreased likelihood of co-ocurrence of anxiety and depressive symptoms (PR= 0.43; 95%CI: 0.26 - 0.71). No significant association was found between physical fitness and anxiety alone. Thus, higher physical fitness was associated with fewer depressive symptoms among university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide mortality in Brazil: an interrupted time series analysis.","authors":"Matheus Santos Melo, Thiago Alves Martins, Rivadávio Fernandes Batista de Amorim, Tainá Raiol, Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro, Allan Dantas Dos Santos","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted global mental health, affecting mortality from suicide. This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on suicide mortality in Brazil from 2000 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study of temporal events with data of events by suicide of the Mortality Information System (MIS). Mortality were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants. Differences before and during the pandemic were evaluated with the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Prais-Winsten regression. Interrupted Temporal Series (ITS) analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2000 and 2022, there were 243,143 cases of suicide in Brazil. During the pandemic, the median monthly mortality increased from 0.4 to 0.6 per 100,000 inhabitants, with a trend of an increase of 0.78% per month.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Because it is an ecological study, it is not possible to have individual conclusions. Secondary data and population estimates may be inaccurate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has increased suicide mortality in Brazil, highlighting the need for more effective mental health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Profile of an Opioid Use Disorder Outpatient Clinic in Brazil.","authors":"Mariana Campello de Oliveira, Cláudia Carneiro de Araujo Palmeira, Julia Rodrigues Arana, André Brooking Negrão, João Felippe Donaire Rapozero, Ziyad Abdel Hadi, Maria Amália Accari Pedrosa, Joice Lanne Pereira da Silva, Guilherme Trevisan Kortas, Douglas Crispim, André Malbergier, João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2025-1039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study represents the first clinical descriptive study on opioid use disorder (OUD) in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comparative cross-sectional study involved 314 adult patients at the Addiction Outpatient Clinic of Instituto Perdizes, São Paulo, from April 2023 to August 2024. Data were collected through interviews, using the validated Brazilian Portuguese version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI-6) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID). Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests for categorical variables, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were evaluated and divided in two groups: OUD group (OUDG) with 45 (14.3%) and non-opioid use disorder group (NOUDG) with 269 (85,87%). In the OUDG, 26.7% were healthcare professionals (p < 0.001; 95%CI 3.34 - 7.92), and there was a high incidence of chronic pain (55.6%) (p < 0.001; 95%CI 2.60 - 4.13). Healthcare utilization was notably higher among OUD patients, with 73.3% attending healthcare services in the past six months (p < 0.001; 95%CI 1.14 - 4.97).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Emerging data reveal a growing trend in opioid use in low- and middle-income countries, with Brazil witnessing a notable rise in opioid prescriptions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Developing effective preventive strategies for OUD is crucial to mitigating its significant public health risks. Chronic pain conditions and healthcare professionals may represent vulnerable groups with an elevated risk of developing OUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on the Ketogenic Diet as a Non-pharmacological Intervention For Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Jade Shelp, Cristiano Chaves, Alexander Terpstra, Elena Koning, Fabiano A Gomes, Jennifer Fabe, Vitor Breda, Nicole Laurent, Christopher Palmer, Elisa Brietzke","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mood disorder characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia, significantly impacting cognitive function and daily living. Despite available pharmacological treatments, nearly one-third of individuals with MDD do not achieve adequate symptom relief with conventional treatments. The ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that induces ketosis, has emerged as a potential non-pharmacological intervention for MDD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide a comprehensive perspective on the current knowledge and gaps regarding the potential antidepressant effect of the KD, emphasizing its safety, efficacy, and mechanistic pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review synthesizes data from preclinical and clinical studies on the effects of KD on mood, cognitive function, and its potential as an antidepressant. Mechanistic insights from animal and human studies are explored to elucidate possible pathways through which KD may exert its effects on MDD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evidence from animal models suggests that KD may reduce depressive-like behaviors and improve cognitive function. Preliminary human studies, including case reports and observational studies, indicate potential benefits such as mood stabilization, increased energy, and reduced depression severity. Proposed mechanisms include immune-inflammatory regulation, correction of mitochondrial dysfunction, and neurotransmitter modulation. However, key gaps remain, particularly regarding the therapeutic window, long-term efficacy, and specific mechanisms of action in MDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>KD represents a promising avenue for further investigation as a non-pharmacological treatment of MDD. Further research is needed to establish its clinical utility, identify predictors of response, and assess its feasibility as a treatment option for MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between empathy and personality in a sample of Brazilian medical students: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Vinicius F Freitas, Pedro G P Rosa, Yasmin N Ávila, Décio G Natrielli, Marcos S Croci, Eduardo C Humes, Marcelo J A A Brañas","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Empathy is crucial in patient-centered care, enabling shared decision-making, better satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. We examined the association between empathy and personality in a sample of medical students from Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised medical students from the first to sixth year at a private university in Sao Paulo. Empathy was evaluated cross-sectionally using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The NEO Five-Factor Inventory was used to assess personality domains. A multivariate linear regression analysis modeled the association between personality and empathy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample consisted of 227 subjects. The mean age was 24.2 (SD 4.3) years, and the sample was predominately female (75%). Higher levels of Neuroticism (β = 2.11, 95% CI 0.84-3.38, P = 0.001) and Agreeableness (β = 2.50, 95% CI 1.46-3.53, P < 0.001) were associated with higher empathy scores. Extraversion (β = 0.00, 95% CI -1.26-1.26, P = 0.998); Openness to Experience (β = 0.85, 95% CI -0.28-1.98, P = 0.138), and Conscientiousness (β = -0.80, 95% CI -1.95-0.35, P = 0.173) did not show significant associations with empathy scores. Female gender, year in the program, and sociodemographic characteristics did not show significant associations with empathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both Neuroticism and Agreeableness were found to be associated with higher empathy. We review available interventions to enhance empathy and identified potential medical education curricular changes that could foster empathy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bias and Balance in Psychedelic Academia- A Tricky Business.","authors":"Jordan Bawks, Fabiano Gomes","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes and risk factors of death among individuals with alcohol use disorder hospitalized with COVID-19: an observational Brazilian cohort study.","authors":"Fabrício Emanuel Soares de Oliveira, Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli, Maria Christina L Oliveira, Enrico A Colosimo, Hercílio Martelli, Eduardo A Oliveira","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-1028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and mortality risk factors associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed a national database containing information on the clinical and sociodemographic aspects of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome between February 2020 and February 2023 in Brazil, including those aged > 18 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. The primary exposure of interest was a history of AUD before admission and the primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,124,285 patients, 11,433 (0.53 %) had AUD. The in-hospital mortality rate was higher in the patients with AUD (46.2%) than in those without AUD (31.9%). After adjusting for confounding covariates, individuals with AUD had twice the risk of death (Odds Ratio [OR]= 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85-2.03) compared with non-AUD patients. Among individuals with AUD, the covariates independently associated with the primary outcome were age > 60 years, male sex, hospitalization in the Central-West, Northeast and North regions, symptoms of dyspnea and reduced oxygen saturation at admission, presence of comorbidities, and year of admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population-based study, we found that patients with AUD had twice the risk of fatal outcomes than those without AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translating measurement into practice with PHQ-9 calculator: an open tool to assess depression levels in the Brazilian population.","authors":"João Villanova do Amaral, Igor Duarte, André Rafael Simioni, Gabriele Dos Santos Jobim, Ighor Miron Porto, João Pedro Gonçalves Pacheco, Rodolfo Furlan Damiano, Maurício Scopel Hoffmann","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to create a web-based calculator for assessing depressive symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), utilizing IRT-based standardized scores, to improve measurement precision, standardization, and practical application in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study developed a web-based calculator using a graded response IRT model for assessing depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9, using data from the Brazilian National Health Survey 2019 (n = 90,846, aged 15 to 107 years old, 52.8% female). The tool calculates latent depressive symptoms and converts them into T-scores, with stratification by sex and age groups. The application respects patient confidentiality by deleting sensitive information postcalculation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Estimated models resulted in a mean sample size of 3244.5 participants in each group (SD: 1066). The calculator can be accessed at https://mheg.shinyapps.io/phq9-score.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The development of an IRT-based web calculator for the PHQ-9 represents an advancement in depressive symptoms' assessment, offering precision and potential clinical utility. By standardizing scores into a common metric, this tool facilitates the interpretation of depressive symptoms and comparison across different instruments. The study's scope is limited to the Brazilian population and external validity for other contexts is warranted. Future studies should evaluate the clinical validity and the threshold of the tool for predicting real life problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intentional Drug Overdose Deaths and Mood Disorders in Brazil - A 20-year overview.","authors":"Daniela Mendes Chiloff, Vitor S Tardelli, Marina Costa Moreira Bianco, Kelsy C N Areco, Adalberto O Tardelli, Silvia S Martins, Thiago M Fidalgo","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug overdose deaths remain a significant and understudied public health concern in Brazil. This study aimed to examine drug overdose death records from 2000 to 2020, focusing on the relationship between mood disorders and intentionality, along overall sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Brazilian Mortality Information System from 2000-2020 were analyzed. Records with causes of death coded as X40-X45 (accidental poisoning), X60-X65 (intentional poisoning), or Y10-Y15 (undetermined intentionality poisoning) were included. The dataset comprised 21,410 deaths, including 933 subjects with mood disorders (ICD-10 codes F30-F39). A descriptive analysis of sociodemographic variables, stratified by mood disorders, was conducted. Logistic regression models identified independent associations with intentional overdose deaths.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>People who died of a drug overdose were mostly men (61.55%), non-white (52.45%), and single (59.33%). Most drug overdose deaths were intentional (44.70%). Compared to overall overdoses, the subset with mood disorders included a higher share of women (67.95%), whites (63.88%), and intentional overdoses (75.24%). Female gender (OR 1.30), mood disorder (OR 2.0), non-white race (OR 0.56), high school graduates (OR 0.93), some college education (OR 1.28), and divorced or widowed (OR 0.73) were independently associated with intentional overdose deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The sociodemographic characteristics of people who died of overdoses must guide national public policies. Strategies might involve conducting screenings for mental health disorders and drug-related problems in primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}