Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Functional impairment and post-stroke depression: a 6-month longitudinal study.","authors":"Larissa P Borlina Beltrami, Paula Teixeira Marques, Francisco Jaime Lopes Barbosa, Viviane H Flumignan Zetola, Marcos Christiano Lange, Raffael Massuda","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0589","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In recent decades, there have been considerable advances in treatment and prevention of acute ischemic stroke (IS). However, even after treatment, approximately two-thirds of patients with IS have some degree of disability that requires rehabilitation, along with an increased likelihood of developing psychiatric disorders, particularly depression. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of post-stroke depression in a 6-month period in patients with IS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-seven patients with IS without previous depression were included in the study. The study protocol was applied during hospitalization and at 30, 90, and 180 days after hospital discharge. A binary logistic regression was then conducted. Age, sex, marital status, occupation, educational level, thrombolysis, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, Barthel Index (BI), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score were included as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 97 patients, 24% of patients developed post-stroke depression. In the longitudinal follow-up, an mRS score of > 0 was the lone significant predictor of development of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 5.38; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.25-23.12; p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results showed that in patients without previous depression, functional impairment of any degree is associated with a 5-fold greater chance of development of depression in the first 6 months post-stroke compared to patients without functional impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20220589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9248976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the use of lithium for suicidality in acute settings: rationale, risks, and uncertainties.","authors":"Rafael Ramos Amaral, Pedro V S Magalhães","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0811","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lithium's well-documented efficacy in preventing suicide over the long term prompts consideration of its potential for more rapid antisuicidal effects. However, evidence supporting such acute efficacy is limited. Weighing against its possible rapid benefits are significant concerns regarding lithium's side-effect profile - particularly toxicity, renal impairment, and weight gain - and the often necessary delay in achieving therapeutic levels. Moreover, the multifaceted nature of suicidality complicates identifying short-term outcomes and disentangling lithium's effects on suicidal thoughts from broader reductions in depressive symptoms. While lithium may remain invaluable for some high-risk patients in emergency settings, its routine use as a rapid-acting agent for acute suicidality is currently not well supported.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20240811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of stakeholder interests on safety outcome reporting in psychedelic research and implications for science communication.","authors":"Elena Koning, Marco Solmi, Elisa Brietzke","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0866","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2024-0866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychedelics are a group of psychoactive substances that produce complex and subjective changes to consciousness and carry unique safety considerations. There is a growing body of work investigating the use of psychedelics in mental health treatment alongside increasing socio-cultural and political acceptance. This rapid evolution has prompted corporations to fund psychedelic clinical trials, leading to a potential rise in conflicts of interest in relevant studies and publications. However, the body of evidence for the safety and efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is early. There is concern regarding the introduction of bias in psychedelic clinical trials and the selective reporting of results amidst and beyond corporate involvement. At a crucial time in psychedelic drug reform, this paper explores the safety concerns associated with psychedelics, the potential influences of financial stakeholders on safety outcome reporting and the importance of balanced science communication in maintaining public health and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20240866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroscience-based nomenclature (NbN): the Portuguese version of the new classification for psychopharmacological drugs.","authors":"José Carlos Fernandes Galduróz, Aleksander Roberto Zampronio, Maria Aparecida Barbato Frazão Vital, Paulo Clemente Sallet, Joseph Zohar, Roberto Andreatini","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0771","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroscience-based nomenclature (NbN) is a proposal to provide a nomenclature based on neuroscience and pharmacology instead of the old disease-based classification. The NbN is based on the mechanism of action and pharmacological target and aims to assist in rational prescription, to reduce stigma, and to increase treatment adherence. Currently, the NbN is endorsed by many psychiatric associations, has been adopted by several relevant journals, and is included in major psychiatry textbooks. Therefore, it is important that the NbN is known to psychiatrists.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20230771"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the intensity of dissociation predict antidepressant effects 24 hours after infusion of racemic ketamine or esketamine in treatment-resistant depression? A secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Mariana V F Echegaray, Rodrigo P Mello, Guilherme M Magnavita, Gustavo C Leal, Fernanda S Correia-Melo, Ana Paula Jesus-Nunes, Flávia Vieira, Igor D Bandeira, Ana Teresa Caliman-Fontes, Manuela Telles, Lívia N F Guerreiro-Costa, Roberta Ferrari Marback, Breno Souza-Marques, Daniel H Lins-Silva, Cassio Santos-Lima, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso, Flávio Kapczinski, Acioly L T Lacerda, Lucas C Quarantini","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0593","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2022-0593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ketamine and esketamine have both shown significant antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and conflicting evidence suggests that dissociation induced by these drugs could be a clinical predictor of esketamine/ketamine's efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a secondary analysis of data from a two-center, randomized, controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive an IV infusion of either esketamine (0.25 mg/kg) or racemic ketamine (0.50 mg/kg) over 40 minutes. Dissociative symptoms were assessed using the Clinician-Administered Dissociative State Scale (CADSS) 40 minutes following the beginning of the infusion. Variations in depression scores were measured with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), which was administered before the intervention as a baseline measure and 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days following infusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-one patients were included in the analysis. Examining CADSS scores of 15 or below, for every 1-point increment in the CADSS score, there was a mean change of -0.5 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.25; p = 0.04) of predicted MADRS score from baseline to 24 hours. The results for 72 hours and 7 days following infusion were not significant. Since the original trial was not designed to assess the relationship between ketamine or esketamine-induced dissociation and antidepressant effects as the main outcome, confounding variables for this relationship were not controlled.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We suggest a positive relationship between dissociation intensity measured with the CADSS and the antidepressant effects of ketamine and esketamine 24 hours after infusion for CADSS scores of up to 15 points.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20220593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10633570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile dating app use and sexual risk behavior among Brazilian undergraduate students.","authors":"Edson Zangiacomi Martinez, Vitoria de Souza Pinto Frazatto, Jonathan Leonardo Gonçalves Prudencio, Guilherme Galdino, Miriane Lucindo Zucoloto","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0746","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>One of the most popular ways to meet new people in the modern world is through dating apps. However, their use may facilitate casual sexual encounters and quick partner changes, both of which are associated with endangering sexual health in different populations. The objective of this study is to describe the use of mobile dating apps among undergraduate students at a major Brazilian public university and investigate its associations with sexual risk behaviors and sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study based on a web survey. The link for participation was made available to students enrolled in undergraduate courses at the eight units of Universidade de São Paulo, Campus Ribeirão Preto. Use of dating apps, sociodemographic/behavioral profile, and sexual risk behaviors were among the variables studied. The distribution of app users was calculated for each variable of interest, and prevalence ratios (PRs) were used for comparisons. PRs were reported with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 487 students participated, with 32.9% reporting using dating apps. Male participants were more likely to use apps. Use of dating apps was associated with having multiple sexual partners and risky behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and substance abuse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is critical to describe the pattern of app use by undergraduate students and understand its influence on sexual health in order to avoid stigmatizing users. Additionally, this information can be helpful to guide the creation of strategies for using these apps as resources to promote health, such as through sharing information regarding sexual health.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20230746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Death Anxiety Scale for adult chronic patients.","authors":"Ximena Palacios-Espinosa, Ricardo Sánchez Pedraza, Ana-María Gómez-Carvajal, Juan Sebastián Botero-Meneses, Diana María Escallón, Diego Armando Leal","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0630","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Death anxiety (DA) is a predictor of exacerbation of both physical and psychological symptoms of chronic diseases. Therefore, having short and easy-to-apply instruments to assess the presence of DA and adopting a multidisciplinary approach to address it are important. This study analyzes the psychometric properties of the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), originally developed by Donald Templer, in a Colombian population of adult patients diagnosed with a chronic disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The original instrument was linguistically, conceptually, and culturally adapted to Colombian Spanish to be subsequently administered to 301 adult patients with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure, which explained 47% of variance. Internal consistency was demonstrated (Cronbach's alpha: 0.71; McDonald's omega: 0.76; Guttman's lambda 6 [G6]: 0.74; greatest lower bound: 0.54). A correlation coefficient of 0.64 was found between the total score of the DAS and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When comparing the results with the versions of the DAS in Spanish from Mexico and Spain, variability in the psychometric properties was observed. Language cannot therefore be assumed to be a guarantee of the reliability and validity of the instrument.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20230630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9776830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concealing, tolerating, and adjusting to emotions in obsessive-compulsive and anxiety disorders: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Carla P Loureiro, Emma M Thompson, Luana D Laurito, Maria E Moreira-de-Oliveira, Rafaela V Dias, Gabriela B de Menezes, Leonardo F Fontenelle","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0652","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Although research has shown that mood and anxiety disorders manifest disturbed emotion regulation, it is unclear whether anxiety disorders differ from each other in terms of their emotion regulation strategies. In the present study, we investigated whether patients with anxiety disorders present different affective styles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the affective styles of 32 obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, 29 social anxiety disorder (SAD) patients, 29 panic disorder (PD) patients, and 20 healthy controls using the Affective Style Questionnaire (ASQ). A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to compare affective styles across groups (OCD, SAD, PD, and control), while controlling for depression, anxiety symptoms, and age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MANCOVA revealed a significant, small-medium, main effect of diagnostic group on affective styles. The planned contrasts revealed that OCD and SAD patients reported significantly lower scores for \"tolerance\" (ASQ-T) compared to the healthy controls. There were no differences between the PD group and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings provide evidence that individuals with OCD and SAD have difficulty tolerating strong emotions existing in the present moment in an open and non-defensive way.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20230652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9923448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and suitability of adding short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) to pharmacotherapy in patients with depressive disorders: a systematic review.","authors":"Gabriele Di Salvo, Camilla Perotti, Valerio Ricci, Giuseppe Maina, Gianluca Rosso","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0764","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recent guidelines on depressive disorders suggest a combination of antidepressants and psychotherapy in case of moderate to severe symptomatology. While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (ITP) are the most investigated interventions, psychodynamic psychotherapies have been less explored. The aim of this paper is to systematically review literature data on the efficacy of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) in combination with antidepressants in the treatment of depressive disorders, focusing on both short and long-term results and on potential moderators that could influence its effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases searched were PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, from inception to August 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adding STPP to medications in the first 6 months of treatment did not influence remission rates, but did improve acceptability, work adjustment, interpersonal relationships, social role functioning, hospitalization rates, and cost-effectiveness. After 12 months, a significant difference in remission rates arose, favoring combined therapy. From a long-term perspective, adding STPP to pharmacotherapy reduced the recurrence rate by almost 50%. STPP has proven to be more effective in longer depressive episodes, in more severe depression, and in patients with a history of childhood abuse. However, STPP had no impact on major depressive disorder (MDD) with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining STPP with antidepressants appeared to be helpful from both short-term and long-term perspectives. Still, there are few rigorous studies with large samples and further research is needed to identify which subgroups of patients may benefit more from STPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20230764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy for distress, emotion regulation, and self-compassion in patients with cardiovascular disease: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Arash Fattahi, Fatemeh Mazini, Nasrin Jaberghaderi, Fatemeh Rajabi, Mehdi Derakhshani, Mohammad Laki","doi":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0685","DOIUrl":"10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cardiovascular patients experience various psychological problems due to the conditions caused by their disease, making it worse if left untreated. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on distress, emotion regulation, and self-compassion in patients with cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a randomized clinical trial with pre-test, post-test, and 2-month and 4-month follow-up periods accompanying a control group and an experimental group. Patients filled out questionnaires at four stages; a Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), an Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and a Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The experimental group underwent a treatment protocol based on ACT. Data were then analyzed using SPSS-25 with repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ACT significantly reduced depression, anxiety, and stress, enhanced self-compassion, and improved emotion regulation in cardiac patients. Between-subjects (group) partial Eta squared (η²) for depression, anxiety, stress, reappraisal, suppression, and self-compassion were 0.61, 0.64, 0.66, 0.62, 0.66, and 0.65, respectively. Treatment efficacy was maintained at the 2-month and 6-month follow-up visits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study suggest that treating cardiac patients' psychological problems in an ACT-focused manner may have an impact on how well they respond to their treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":46305,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"e20230685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10338518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}