{"title":"External and internal GATE/Geant4 dosimetric calculations on voxelized phantoms.","authors":"Merai Sondes, Benrachi Fatima, Laouet Nadjet","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00904-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00904-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monte Carlo simulation employing the GATE (Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission) code plays a crucial role in radiation transport studies for dose calculations within computational phantoms. This paper presents a set of absorbed doses calculated using computational phantom Zubal and Monte Carlo GATE code version 9.3, based on two radiation exposure configurations: external (radiological accident) and internal (using <math> <mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow></mrow> <mrow></mrow> <mn>131</mn></mmultiscripts> <mi>I</mi></mrow> </math> radionuclide). The results were validated through comparison with previous studies employing different Monte Carlo codes (MCNP, EGS4), and the reference female computational model proposed by ICRP report 110. The findings demonstrate good agreement between GATE results for Zubal phantom and published data with MCNP and EGS4, as well as alignment with ICRP 110 reference phantom results, for both external and internal irradiation scenarios. In addition, the comparison between Zubal and ICRP 110 phantom reveals a minimal variation, attributed to inherent anatomical and geometrical disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"514-522"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A CT-free deep-learning-based attenuation and scatter correction for copper-64 PET in different time-point scans.","authors":"Zahra Adeli, Seyed Abolfazl Hosseini, Yazdan Salimi, Nasim Vahidfar, Peyman Sheikhzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00905-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00905-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to develop and evaluate a deep-learning model for attenuation and scatter correction in whole-body 64Cu-based PET imaging. A swinUNETR model was implemented using the MONAI framework. Whole-body PET-nonAC and PET-CTAC image pairs were used for training, where PET-nonAC served as the input and PET-CTAC as the output. Due to the limited number of Cu-based PET/CT images, a model pre-trained on 51 Ga-PSMA PET images was fine-tuned on 15 Cu-based PET images via transfer learning. The model was trained without freezing layers, adapting learned features to the Cu-based dataset. For testing, six additional Cu-based PET images were used, representing 1-h, 12-h, and 48-h time points, with two images per group. The model performed best at the 12-h time point, with an MSE of 0.002 ± 0.0004 SUV<sup>2</sup>, PSNR of 43.14 ± 0.08 dB, and SSIM of 0.981 ± 0.002. At 48 h, accuracy slightly decreased (MSE = 0.036 ± 0.034 SUV<sup>2</sup>), but image quality remained high (PSNR = 44.49 ± 1.09 dB, SSIM = 0.981 ± 0.006). At 1 h, the model also showed strong results (MSE = 0.024 ± 0.002 SUV<sup>2</sup>, PSNR = 45.89 ± 5.23 dB, SSIM = 0.984 ± 0.005), demonstrating consistency across time points. Despite the limited size of the training dataset, the use of fine-tuning from a previously pre-trained model yielded acceptable performance. The results demonstrate that the proposed deep learning model can effectively generate PET-DLAC images that closely resemble PET-CTAC images, with only minor errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"523-533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative analysis of radiotherapy modalities and techniques for left breast cancer: dose coverage, setup accuracy, with patient-specific selection criteria for applying deep inspiration breath hold.","authors":"Masud Parvej, Cristina Cappelletto, Angela Caroli, Lorenzo Vinante, Annalisa Drigo, Paola Chiovati","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00891-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00891-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To compare dosimetric outcomes between Free Breath (FB) and Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) across different radiotherapy modalities, establish patient selection criteria for DIBH, and optimizing the setup margin (SM) in left breast cancer treatment. 26 patients with left breast cancer were studied at CRO, Aviano in Italy. FB and DIBH simulations were done using CT with a real-time position management system. 3DCRT and IMRT plans were prepared for both simulations of each patient. The setup margin was measured by Van Herk's formula and compared with residual uncertainties. The dose coverage of PTV and spare OARs were better with DIBH. The distance of more than 1.6 cm between (Left Anterior Descending artery) LAD and PTV was no significantly different for FB and DIBH. The setup margin by Van Herk's formula was calculated as 0.9 cm for DIBH_IMRT. The average duration of DIBH per respiration was 19 ± 4 s. So, holding one breath at least 19 s would be the criteria for choosing a patient to apply DIBH. DIBH enhances PTV dose coverage and OAR sparing in both 3DCRT and IMRT. When the distance between the LAD and PTV exceeds 1.6 cm, the application of DIBH depends on the availability of a LINAC with RPM and the patient's breathholding ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multiple regression model for peak skin dose using principal component analysis in interventional radiology.","authors":"Noriyuki Kuga, Katsutoshi Shirieda, Yumi Hirabara, Yusuke Kurogi, Ryohei Fujisaki, Lue Sun, Koichi Morota, Takashi Moritake, Hajime Ohta","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00893-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00893-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study addresses the growing concerns of increased radiation doses to patients resulting from the increased complexity of interventional radiology procedures. Despite the importance of dose management, few facilities use dosimetry systems to measure and control patient radiation doses. To aid in patient exposure control, this research aimed to predict the peak skin dose (PSD) using dose parameters from digital imaging and communication in medicine-radiation dose structured reports. The study focused on air kerma (K<sub>a,r</sub>) and air kerma area product (KAP) values categorized into fixed dose (radiography and fluoroscopy) and motion dose (rotational digital subtraction angiography) for frontal and lateral biplane devices. Using single and multiple regression analysis, model equations for PSD were developed based on data from a radio-photoluminescence glass dosimeter and five dose parameters. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to consolidate the data, and multiple regression models were created using principal component scores. The results showed that rotational digital subtraction angiography had a minimal impact on PSD, whereas the K<sub>a,r</sub> value demonstrated higher accuracy in predicting PSD than KAP. The inclusion of PCA in the multiple regression model further improved accuracy, with a root mean squared error of 226, confirming that PCA-enhanced models are more effective in predicting PSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"439-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human phantom applicability of 3D-printed polylactic acid for X-ray dose analysis: simulation and measurement studies.","authors":"Donghee Han, Toshioh Fujibuchi","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00909-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00909-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, significant research has focused on the fabrication of human phantoms and the evaluation of radiological imaging using advanced 3D printing technologies and diverse filament materials. This study investigates the absorbed dose due to the physical attenuation of polylactic acid phantoms within the diagnostic X-ray energy range, utilizing Monte Carlo simulations and a radiophotoluminescence glass dosimetry system. The phantoms were fabricated with infill percentages ranging from 20 to 100%, which were visually verified through radiographic imaging, and the reference dosimetry depths varied from 10 to 110 mm. Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission and the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System, demonstrating good agreement with experimental results. The average differences between simulations and measurements were 2.6, 2.7, and 3.1% at 80, 100, and 120 kVp, respectively, with uncertainties of approximately 1% under consistent experimental conditions. The energy dependence of absorbed dose as a function of depth was also examined. For the dosimetry system, the absorbed dose exhibited a more pronounced decrease at lower tube voltages and with reduced infill percentages, resulting in an average error of 6.2% compared to simulation results. These findings provide valuable insights into the development of fully filament-based, human-equivalent phantoms and their potential applications in radiation dosimetry using high-density filament materials for various radiation-related devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"556-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of patient radiation exposure reduction through optimization of imaging conditions for stent enhancement processing in percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective study.","authors":"Kazuya Mori, Toru Negishi, Kouhei Makabe, Kazuhisa Matsukura","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00915-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00915-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) support technologies have been developed to improve procedural outcomes. We retrospectively investigated whether a real-time stent enhancement processing system (Stent View; SV) can effectively reduce radiation dose during PCI. The control group comprised individuals subjected to PCI using SV under standard imaging conditions, whereas the evaluation group included those subjected to PCI using SV under reduced dose (68% of the standard dose). We evaluated the balloon marker detection accuracy of SV ( <math> <msub><mrow><mi>SV</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>accuracy</mi></mrow> </msub> </math> ) and calculated the cumulative air kerma (K<sub>a,r</sub>) when SV was used. The mean <math> <msub><mrow><mi>SV</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>accuracy</mi></mrow> </msub> </math> in the control and evaluation groups were 94.03 ± 14.52% and 94.62 ± 13.98%, respectively (p = 0.26), whereas the K<sub>a,r</sub> were 111.15 ± 79.62 mGy and 65.22 ± 47.35 mGy, respectively. On average, appropriate optimization of the SV imaging conditions reduced patient radiation dose during SV imaging by 41.32% without affecting the accuracy of SV image reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"615-621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retaking assessment system based on the inspiratory state of chest X-ray image.","authors":"Naoki Matsubara, Atsushi Teramoto, Manabu Takei, Yoshihiro Kitoh, Satoshi Kawakami","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00888-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00888-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When taking chest X-rays, the patient is encouraged to take maximum inspiration and the radiological technologist takes the images at the appropriate time. If the image is not taken at maximum inspiration, retaking of the image is required. However, there is variation in the judgment of whether retaking is necessary between the operators. Therefore, we considered that it might be possible to reduce variation in judgment by developing a retaking assessment system that evaluates whether retaking is necessary using a convolutional neural network (CNN). To train the CNN, the input chest X-ray image and the corresponding correct label indicating whether retaking is necessary are required. However, chest X-ray images cannot distinguish whether inspiration is sufficient and does not need to be retaken, or insufficient and retaking is required. Therefore, we generated input images and labels from dynamic digital radiography (DDR) and conducted the training. Verification using 18 dynamic chest X-ray cases (5400 images) and 48 actual chest X-ray cases (96 images) showed that the VGG16-based architecture achieved an assessment accuracy of 82.3% even for actual chest X-ray images. Therefore, if the proposed method is used in hospitals, it could possibly reduce the variability in judgment between operators.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"384-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of a novel respiratory motion reduction block for myocardial perfusion SPECT image quality: a phantom study.","authors":"Hajime Ichikawa, Toyohiro Kato, Takayuki Shibutani, Mitsuaki Terabe, Hideki Shimada","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00887-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00887-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patient motion, particularly due to respiration, often introduces image distortions that compromise diagnostic accuracy in myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). To address this issue, we developed a novel respiratory motion reduction block (RRB) designed to minimize the respiratory motion of the heart. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the cardiac-centered with RRB (CC<sub>RRB</sub>) orbit, achieved using the RRB, on myocardial perfusion SPECT image quality. SPECT acquisition of a cardiac phantom was performed at the circular, neighboring elliptical (NE), and CC<sub>RRB</sub> orbits. The CC<sub>RRB</sub> orbit was achieved with RRB placed in front of the phantom based on the NE orbit. Count profile curves of the lesion and uniform slice images were obtained from the circumferential profile. Lesion contrast, normal accumulation uniformity, and count distortion were calculated from the circumferential profiles. Full width at half maximum (FWHM) was measured in the lateral, anterior, septal, and inferior walls of the myocardium, and both the mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. The lesion contrast was the highest in the NE orbit, slightly lower in the CC<sub>RRB</sub> orbit, and remarkably lower in the circular orbit than in the NE orbit. The uniformity and count distortion were superior for the CC<sub>RRB</sub> orbits. The SD of FWHM was greater in the circular and NE orbits. The CC<sub>RRB</sub> orbit effectively improves uniformity in SPECT imaging, preserving lesion contrast and spatial resolution. The CC<sub>RRB</sub> orbit provides a practical, accessible approach for enhancing image quality in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"376-383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of radiation protection educational material during angiography using visualization of scattered radiation by augmented reality technique.","authors":"Koki Noguchi, Toshioh Fujibuchi, Donghee Han","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00899-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00899-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In medical settings, radiation exposure among radiation workers is a significant concern, and understanding radiation protection is crucial. We developed and evaluated radiation protection educational materials using an augmented reality application for visualizing scatter radiation. The evaluation included a true/false quiz, a questionnaire based on the ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) model, and open-ended responses. The correct response rates for the true/false quiz were 65.5% and 72.4% for two questions regarding the effect of C-arm angle changes on scatter radiation distribution. The correct response rate for all other questions was 100%. Understanding how changes in C-arm angles specifically affect angiographic procedures proved more challenging than other topics. The ARCS model evaluation of learning motivation revealed average scores of 4.15 for Attention, 3.91 for Relevance, 3.93 for Confidence, and 4.28 for Satisfaction in the scale 5.00.These results suggest that the developed materials are effective in enhancing motivation. However, open-ended responses identified areas for improvement in the application's usability, particularly regarding ease of operation. While the materials successfully enhance motivation, further refinements are needed to address the variation in correct response rates across different scenarios and the usability challenges of the application.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"484-495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk factors for motion artifacts in fast spin-echo T2-weighted imaging of the prostate magnetic resonance imaging: a retrospective study.","authors":"Takuya Kobata, Tatsuya Yamasaki, Hiroki Katayama, Masatoshi Morimoto, Yukito Maeda, Takashi Norikane, Yuka Yamamoto, Yoshihiro Nishiyama","doi":"10.1007/s12194-025-00897-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12194-025-00897-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer diagnosis using fast spin-echo (FSE) T2-weight imaging (T2WI) suffers from motion artifacts (T2-MA). We aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with T2-MA. We retrospectively analyzed the basic patient information and localizer images of 168 patients who underwent prostate magnetic resonance imaging at our institution between April 2019 and December 2021. FSE T2WI image quality was classified into Poor, Acceptable, and Excellent groups based on T2-MA severity. Between-group differences were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for T2-MA. The bladder area of the Acceptable group was significantly larger than that of the Poor group (P = 0.010). The rectal area was significantly larger in the Poor group than in the Excellent group (P = 0.013). Larger rectal and bladder areas in the localizer image were significant risk factors for severe (OR: 1.136) and mild (OR: 1.032) T2-MA, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":46252,"journal":{"name":"Radiological Physics and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"582-588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}