Journal of Oral Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"Intracellular signaling pathways involved in the regulation of gene expression by pilocarpine","authors":"Hirohito Sakazume ,&nbsp;Takao Morita ,&nbsp;Haruka Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Akira Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Pilocarpine is commonly used clinically to treat dry mouth. The long-term administration of pilocarpine reportedly improves salivary secretion more effectively than short-term administration. Therefore, we hypothesized that pilocarpine alters gene expression in salivary glands via muscarinic receptor stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pilocarpine use on gene expression mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The effects of pilocarpine on gene expression were investigated in rats and human salivary gland (HSY) cells using several inhibitors of intracellular signaling pathways. Gene expression in the rat submandibular gland and HSY cells was determined using reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of total RNA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In animal experiments, at 7 days after pilocarpine stimulation, <em>Ctgf</em> and <em>Sgk1</em> expressions were increased in the submandibular gland. In cell culture experiments, pilocarpine increased <em>Ctgf</em> expression in HSY cells. The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor trametinib, the Src inhibitor PP2, and the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine suppressed the effect of pilocarpine on gene expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pilocarpine enhances <em>Ctgf</em> and <em>Sgk1</em> expressions by activating Src-mediated MAPK activity. Although further studies are required to fully understand the roles of <em>Ctgf</em> and <em>Sgk1</em>, changes in gene expression may play an important role in improving salivary secretions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 4","pages":"Pages 81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dipotassium glycyrrhizate prevents oral dysbiosis caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis in an in vitro saliva-derived polymicrobial biofilm model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span><span>Oral microbiome </span>dysbiosis<span><span> prevention is important to avoid the onset and progression of periodontal disease. Dipotassium glycyrrhizate (GK2) is a </span>licorice root<span> extract with anti-inflammatory effects, and its associated mechanisms have been well-reported. However, their effects on the oral microbiome<span> have not been investigated. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of GK2 on the oral microbiome using an </span></span></span></span><em>in vitro</em> polymicrobial biofilm model.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An <em>in vitro</em><span><span><span> saliva-derived polymicrobial biofilm model was used to evaluate the effects of GK2 on the oral microbiome. One-week anaerobic culture was performed, in which GK2 was added to the medium. Subsequently, microbiome analysis was performed based on the V1–V2 region of the 16 S </span>rRNA gene, and </span>pathogenicity indices were assessed. We investigated the effects of GK2 on various bacterial monocultures by evaluating its inhibitory effects on cell growth, based on culture turbidity.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>GK2 treatment altered the microbiome structure and decreased the relative abundance of periodontal pathogenic bacteria, including <span><span>Porphyromonas</span></span><span><span>. Moreover, GK2 treatment reduced the DPP4 activity —a pathogenicity<span> index of periodontal disease. Specifically, GK2 exhibited selective </span></span>antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogenic bacteria.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><span>These findings suggest that GK2 has a selective antibacterial effect against periodontal pathogenic bacteria; thus, preventing oral microbiome dysbiosis. Therefore, GK2 is expected to contribute to </span>periodontal disease prevention by modulating the oral microbiome toward a state with low inflammatory potential, thereby utilizing its anti-inflammatory properties on the host.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 575-581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody restores the function of saliva secretion in a type 2 diabetes mouse model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><span><span><span>Xerostomia<span><span>, a common complication of type 2 diabetes, leads to an increased risk of caries, </span>dysphagia, and </span></span>dysgeusia. Although anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies, such as </span>ranibizumab (RBZ), have been used to treat </span>diabetic retinopathy<span>, their effects on the salivary glands<span> are unknown. This study evaluated the effects of RBZ on salivary glands<span> to reduce inflammation and restore salivary function in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Male KK-A^y<span> mice with type 2 diabetes (10–12 weeks old) were used. The diabetes mellitus (DM) group received phosphate-buffered saline, while the DM + RBZ group received an intraperitoneal administration of RBZ (100 μg/kg) 24 h before the experiment.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>Ex vivo</span></span><span><span> perfusion experiments showed a substantial increase in salivary secretion<span> from the submandibular gland<span><span><span> (SMG) in the DM + RBZ group. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were considerably lower in this group. In contrast, those of </span>aquaporin 5 were substantially higher in the DM + RBZ group, as revealed by </span>quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Furthermore, the number of </span></span></span>lymphocyte infiltration spots in the SMG was notably lower in the DM + RBZ group. Finally, intracellular Ca</span>²⁺<span> signaling in acinar cells was considerably higher in the DM + RBZ group than that in the DM group.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Treating a type 2 diabetic mouse model with RBZ restored salivary secretion through its anti-inflammatory effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 619-627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional difference in the distribution of alkaline phosphatase, PHOSPHO1, and calcein labeling in the femoral metaphyseal trabeculae in parathyroid hormone-administered mice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to elucidate whether the administration of parathyroid hormone<span> (PTH) results in remodeling- or modeling-based bone formation in different regions of the murine femora, and whether the PTH-driven bone formation would facilitate osteoblastic differentiation into osteocytes.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were employed to examine the distribution of alkaline phosphatase<span><span> (ALP), PHOSPHO1, podoplanin, and </span>calcein<span> labeling in two distinct long bone regions: the metaphyseal trabeculae close to the chondro-osseous junction (COJ) and those distant from the COJ in three mouse groups, a control group receiving a vehicle (sham group) and groups receiving hPTH (1–34) twice a day (PTH BID group) or four times a day (PTH QID group) for two weeks.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>The sham group showed PHOSPHO1-reactive mature osteoblasts localized primarily at the COJ, whereas the PTH BID/QID groups exhibited extended lines of PHOSPHO1-reactive osteoblasts even in regions distant from the COJ. The PTH QID group displayed fragmented </span>calcein<span> labeling in trabeculae close to the COJ, whereas continuous labeling was observed in trabeculae distant from the COJ. Osteoblasts tended to express podoplanin and PHOSPHO1 independently in the close and distant regions of the sham group, while osteoblasts in the PTH-administered groups showed </span></span>immunoreactivity of podoplanin and PHOSPHO1 together in the close and distant regions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Administration of PTH may accelerate remodeling-based bone formation in regions close to the COJ while predominantly inducing modeling-based bone formation in distant regions. PTH appeared to simultaneously facilitate osteoblastic bone mineralization<span> and differentiation into osteocytes in both remodeling- and modeling-based bone formation.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 554-566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of DNMT1 in dental papilla cell fate specification during mouse tooth germ development through integrated single-cell transcriptomics and bulk RNA sequencing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms governing dental mesenchymal cell commitment during tooth development, focusing on odontoblast differentiation and the role of epigenetic regulation in this process.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of dental cells from embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) mice to understand the heterogeneity of developing tooth germ cells. Computational analyses including gene regulatory network (GRN) assessment were conducted.</p><p>We validated our findings using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and <em>in vitro</em> loss-of-function analyses using the DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) inhibitor Gsk-3484862 in primary dental mesenchymal cells (DMCs) isolated from E14.5 mouse tooth germs. Bulk RNA-seq of Gsk-3484862-treated DMCs was performed to identify potential downstream targets of DNMT1.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>scRNA-seq analysis revealed diverse cell populations within the tooth germs, including epithelial, mesenchymal, immune, and muscle cells. Using single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering (SCENIC), we identified <em>Dnmt1</em> as a key regulator of early odontoblast development. IHC analysis showed the ubiquitous expression of DNMT1 in the dental papilla and epithelium. Bulk RNA-seq of cultured DMCs showed that Gsk-3484862 treatment upregulated odontoblast-related genes, whereas genes associated with cell division and the cell cycle were downregulated. Integrated analysis of bulk RNA-seq data with scRNA-seq SCENIC profiles was used to identify the potential <em>Dnmt1</em> target genes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><em>Dnmt1</em> may negatively affect odontoblast commitment and differentiation during tooth development. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying tooth development and future development of hard-tissue regenerative therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 530-538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1349007924001476/pdfft?md5=7b8235305548cb8a8f3cef91ffdd1f55&pid=1-s2.0-S1349007924001476-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of hard gummy candy chewing in improving masticatory function in Japanese children aged 6–12 years: A clinical trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Japanese children have been shown to exhibit decreased masticatory function; however, limited evidence is available regarding the efficacy of certain food items in improving this issue. Therefore, this study examined the effects of chewing hard gummy candy on the masticatory function of Japanese children aged 6–12 years.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study included 26 participants (10 boys and 16 girls; mean age ± standard error = 9.3 ± 0.3 years) who were asked to chew hard gummy candy twice daily for 4 weeks at home. The lip-closing force, occlusal force, and masticatory performance of the participants were recorded before commencement (T1), 4 weeks after commencement (T2), and 4 weeks after completion (T3) of the training. Statistical analyses were performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>No significant differences in masticatory function by gender and age groups (defined based on mean age at T1) were observed at T1. The lip-closing and right occlusal forces increased significantly after 4 weeks of exercise, and the effects persisted for another 4 weeks after completion. The masticatory performance also improved after training, although these effects did not persist and deteriorated substantially 4 weeks after completion of the training.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Habitual mastication training using hard gummy candy markedly enhances masticatory function (e.g., lip-closing force, occlusal force, and masticatory performance) in Japanese children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 525-529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early changes in asporin levels in osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The present study aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) in a mouse model. We investigated morphological and histological changes in the head of mandible cartilage and early immunohistochemical (IHC) changes in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, phosphorylated Smad-2/3 (p-Smad2/3), a TGF-β signaling molecule, and asporin.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>TMJ-OA was induced in a mouse model through unilateral partial discectomy. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and safranin-O staining were performed to morphologically and histologically evaluate the degeneration of the head of mandible caused by TMJ-OA. IHC staining for TGF-β, p-Smad2/3, and asporin was performed to evaluate the changes in protein expression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the experimental group, three-dimensional (3D) morphometry revealed an enlarged head of mandible and safranin-O staining showed degeneration of cartilage tissue in the early stages of TMJ-OA compared to the control group. IHC staining revealed that TGF-β, p-Smad2/3, and asporin expression increased in the head of mandible cartilage before the degeneration of cartilage tissue, and subsequently decreased for a short period.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings suggested a negative feedback relationship between the expression of asporin and the TGF-β/Smad transduction pathway, which may be involved in the degeneration of the head of mandible in the early stages of TMJ-OA. Asporin is a potential biomarker of the early stages of TMJ-OA, which ultimately leads to the irreversible degeneration of TMJ tissues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 546-553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1349007924001464/pdfft?md5=17cf7a2735f5fc0fcfde04629b66e852&pid=1-s2.0-S1349007924001464-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diurnal variation in asthma symptoms: Exploring the role of melatonin","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease affecting more than 260 million people worldwide. Nocturnal exacerbations of asthma symptoms significantly affect sleep quality and contribute to the most serious asthma exacerbations, which can lead to respiratory failure or death. Although β₂-adrenoceptor agonists are the standard of care for asthma, their bronchodilatory effect for nocturnal asthma is limited, and medications that specifically target symptoms of nocturnal asthma are lacking.</p></div><div><h3>Highlight</h3><p>Melatonin, which is secreted by the pineal gland, plays a crucial role in regulating circadian rhythms. Peak serum melatonin concentrations, which are inversely correlated with diurnal changes in pulmonary function, are higher in patients with nocturnal asthma than in healthy individuals. Melatonin potentiates bronchoconstriction through the melatonin MT₂ receptor expressed in the smooth muscles of the airway and attenuates the bronchodilatory effects of β₂-adrenoceptor agonists, thereby exacerbating asthma symptoms. Melatonin inhibits mucus secretion and airway inflammation, potentially ameliorating asthma symptoms.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Melatonin may exacerbate or ameliorate various pathophysiological conditions associated with asthma. As a potential therapeutic agent for asthma, the balance between its detrimental effects on airway smooth muscles and its beneficial effects on mucus production and inflammation remains unclear. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether melatonin worsens or improves asthma symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 519-524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1349007924001452/pdfft?md5=9118a2bd8279db822f83ec4abfcc052c&pid=1-s2.0-S1349007924001452-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulinum toxin type A is a potential therapeutic drug for chronic orofacial pain","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Botulinum toxin type A<span> (BTX-A), produced by the gram-positive anaerobic bacterium </span></span><span><span>Clostridium botulinum</span></span><span><span><span>, acts by cleaving synaptosome-associated protein-25 (SNAP-25), an essential component of the presynaptic neuronal membrane that is necessary for fusion with the membrane proteins of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles. Recent studies have highlighted the efficacy of BTX-A in treating chronic pain conditions, including lower back pain, chronic neck pain, </span>neuropathic pain<span>, and trigeminal neuralgia, particularly when patients are unresponsive to traditional painkillers. This review focuses on the </span></span>analgesic effects of BTX-A in various chronic pain conditions, with a particular emphasis on the orofacial region.</span></p></div><div><h3>Highlight</h3><p>This review focuses on the mechanisms by which BTX-A induces analgesia in patients with inflammatory and temporomandibular joint pain<span><span>. This review also highlights the fact that BTX-A can effectively manage neuropathic pain and </span>trigeminal neuralgia, which are difficult-to-treat chronic pain conditions. Herein, we present a comprehensive assessment of the central analgesic effects of BTX-A and a discussion of its various applications in clinical dental practice.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>BTX-A is an approved treatment option for various chronic pain conditions. Although there is evidence of axonal transport of BTX-A from peripheral to central endings in motor neurons, the precise mechanism underlying its pain-modulating effects remains unclear. This review discusses the evidence supporting the effectiveness of BTX-A in controlling chronic pain conditions in the orofacial region. BTX-A is a promising therapeutic agent for treating pain conditions that do not respond to conventional </span>analgesics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 496-503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141440948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen: The superior material for full-thickness oral mucosa tissue engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Tissue engineering has significantly progressed in developing full-thickness oral mucosa<span> constructs designed to replicate the natural oral mucosa. These constructs serve as valuable </span></span><em>in vitro</em><span> models for biocompatibility<span><span> testing and oral disease modeling and hold clinical potential for replacing damaged or lost oral soft tissue. However, one of the major challenges in tissue engineering of the oral mucosa is the identification of an appropriate scaffold with optimal porosity, interconnected porous networks, </span>biodegradability<span><span>, and biocompatibility. These characteristics facilitate cell migration, nutrient delivery, and </span>vascularization. Various biomaterials have been investigated for constructing tissue-engineered oral mucosa models; collagen has demonstrated superior outcomes compared with other materials.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Highlight</h3><p><span>This review discusses the different types of tissue-engineered oral mucosa developed using various materials and includes articles published between January 2000 and December 2022 in PubMed and Google Scholar. The review focuses on the superiority of collagen-based scaffolds for tissue engineering of oral mucosa, explores </span><em>in vitro</em> applications, and discusses potential clinical applications.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Among the various scaffold materials used for engineering the connective tissue of the oral mucosa, collagen-based scaffolds possess excellent biological properties, offering high-quality oral mucosa constructs and high resemblance to the native human oral mucosa in terms of histology and expression of various differentiation markers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"66 3","pages":"Pages 511-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}