Journal of Oral Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"Neisseria perflava isolated from a clinical sample reduces influenza virus replication in respiratory cells","authors":"Keisuke Nishioka ,&nbsp;Maki Nakagawa ,&nbsp;Yoko Tanino ,&nbsp;Takaaki Nakaya","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Various bacteria are present in the oral cavity and constitute the oral microbiota. Although the oral microbiota has been analyzed using next-generation sequencing, few studies have investigated whether specific commensal bacteria directly affect immune responses to infections. Here, we focused on <em>Neisseria</em> species present in the oral cavity and investigated their effects on respiratory cells infected with several viruses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six <em>Neisseria</em> species were isolated from human saliva. The epithelial cell lines were stimulated with bacterial culture supernatants before viral infection. Changes in the viral susceptibility were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Culture supernatants of two <em>Neisseria</em> species were found to affect cells susceptible to influenza viral infection and suppress influenza viral replication. The mechanism underlying the suppression of <em>N. perflava</em> was further investigated. This activity was observed in the 10–30 kDa protein range fractionated by ultrafiltration. Although viral replication was suppressed by stimulation with bacterial proteins, the infection efficiency of the virus and cytokine production were unaffected. Replication of SARS-CoV-2 and human rhinovirus were also suppressed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Viral infection was performed after supernatant stimulation, suggesting that exposure to oral bacteria directly affects viral infection in the surrounding cells. This effect has been observed for several viruses. Viral genome replication in cells may be suppressed by enhanced expression of viral replication suppression genes. Further analyses are required to elucidate the detailed underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressive effects of lemon myrtle extract against the colonization and virulence factors of Candida spp.","authors":"Siyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Chun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Candida</em> species (<em>Candida</em> spp.) are among the most common opportunistic pathogens inhabiting the oral cavity and frequently cause infection in immunocompromised individuals. Conventional antibiotic treatments for <em>Candida</em> infections face significant challenges, including the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. This highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies, particularly those leveraging natural products.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of an aqueous lemon myrtle extract on the colonization and virulence of six <em>Candida</em> spp., including microbial adhesion, biofilm formation, extracellular polysaccharide production, hyphal production, and several invasion-associated virulence factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The extract significantly reduced <em>Candida</em> adhesion to hard surfaces and inhibited biofilm formation. Additionally, it suppressed the production of insoluble extracellular polysaccharides and various invasion-associated virulence factors, including phospholipase, ergosterol, protease, and hyphal formation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings provide a better understanding of the potential role of lemon myrtle extract as a natural therapeutic agent for controlling <em>Candida</em> colonization and mitigating its invasive capabilities. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of lemon myrtle as a promising alternative for the management of <em>Candida</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of electrical stimulation for antimicrobial capacity of titanium materials implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Simone Kreve,&nbsp;Andréa C. dos Reis","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antimicrobial resistance undermines the effectiveness of drugs for treating implant-associated infections. Consequently, there is growing interest in identifying alternative methods to prevent and eliminate infections. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether the electrical stimulation of titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials has antimicrobial properties against bacterial biofilms. The search was conducted in various databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, in February 2024. In addition, a manual search of the reference lists of the included articles was conducted. The eligibility criteria included in vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of electrical stimulation on titanium implants or titanium-based implant materials in reducing biofilm formation or adhesion as well as eradicating or reducing the viability of bacterial biofilms. The variability between studies was determined using the inverse variance method with random- and fixed-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 and prediction interval statistics. Publication bias was qualitatively evaluated using funnel plots.</div></div><div><h3>Highlights</h3><div>Different electrical stimulation (ES) parameters (current and voltage) exhibited antibacterial activity, resulting in either bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ES in titanium or titanium-based implant materials confers antimicrobial capacity against bacterial biofilms, and its effectiveness depends on the applied tension. The association between ES and antimicrobials was more robust than with ES administered individually.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of enamel matrix proteins combined with collagen membranes on osteoblastic cell cultures","authors":"Vanessa Cordeiro Silva ,&nbsp;Gabrielle Moreira Matos ,&nbsp;Iara Gonçalves de Aquino ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez ,&nbsp;Larissa Moreira Spinola de Castro-Raucci ,&nbsp;Andresa Borges Soares ,&nbsp;Vera Cavalcanti de Araújo ,&nbsp;Lucas Novaes Teixeira","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Biodegradable collagen membranes are widely used in guided bone regeneration. This study evaluated the effect of enamel matrix proteins (Emdogain®) combined with two collagen membranes (Bio-Gide® or Collprotect®) on osteoblastic cell cultures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Human osteoblastic cells were cultured on Bio-Gide® or Collprotect® membranes coated with Emdogain® or left uncoated. The assessed parameters included amelogenin quantification at 1 h, 12 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days; cell morphology at 1 day; cell proliferation at 1, 2, and 3 days; gene expression of <em>COL1A1</em>, <em>IBSP</em>, <em>SPP1</em>, and <em>BGLAP</em> at 1 day; Collagen type I quantification at 3 and 7 days; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 3 and 7 days; and mineralization at 14 days. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal-Wallis test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher amelogenin levels were detected in Bio-Gide® cultures than in Collprotect® cultures after 3 and 7 days. Cells adhered and spread in all experimental groups. Cell proliferation was higher in Bio-Gide® cultures after 3 days (p &lt; 0.05). Gene expression of <em>COL1A1</em>, <em>IBSP</em>, and <em>SPP1</em> was greater in Bio-Gide® cultures with Emdogain® after 1 day. There was higher collagen type I secretion by cultures grown on collagen membranes coated with Emdogain®, particularly on Bio-Gide® cultures at 7 days. ALP activity was also higher in Bio-Gide® cultures at 7 days (p &lt; 0.05). Greater mineralization was detected in cultures grown on Bio-Gide® with Emdogain® (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combining collagen membranes, particularly Bio-Gide®, with enamel matrix proteins promotes osteogenesis in vitro, potentially advancing bone tissue regeneration and preservation methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histochemical assessment of the anabolic effects of abaloparatide on the femoral metaphyses of ovariectomized mice","authors":"Xuanyu Liu ,&nbsp;Tomoka Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Mako Sakakibara ,&nbsp;Tomomaya Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae ,&nbsp;Hotaka Ishizu ,&nbsp;Yan Shi ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Cui ,&nbsp;Weisong Li ,&nbsp;Wang Haoyu ,&nbsp;Hiromi Hongo ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Shimizu ,&nbsp;Yoichi Ohiro ,&nbsp;Norio Amizuka","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To clarify the mechanism of bone anabolism induced by the parathyroid hormone-related peptide analog abaloparatide, we histochemically examined the femora of ovariectomized mice treated with abaloparatide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve-week-old female C57BL/6J mice underwent ovariectomies (OVX), and were then administered either abaloparatide (30 μg/kg/day: OVX + ABL group) or vehicle (OVX group) via daily intraperitoneal injection. Femora were harvested at 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-administration and subjected to micro-CT imaging, TRAP, cathepsin K, ALP, and PHOSPHO1 staining, along with calcein labeling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the OVX group, trabecular number and bone volume gradually decreased over time, whereas the OVX + ABL group maintained these values to 6 weeks after OVX. The numbers of TRAP-positive/cathepsin K-reactive osteoclasts per bone surface area were similar between the OVX and OVX + ABL group, except for a temporary increase at 4 weeks in the OVX group. In the OVX group, the areas of ALP-positive osteoblastic cells and PHOSPHO1-reactive mature osteoblasts decreased, whereas in the OVX + ABL group, ALP-positive osteoblastic cells surrounded the trabeculae, and long lines of PHOSPHO1-reactive mature osteoblasts expanded to the terminal region of the trabeculae. In addition, long continuous calcein labeling was seen on slightly convex new bone, indicating modeling-based bone formation in the OVX + ABL group. The bone formation rate/bone surface ratio and the total length of modeling-based bone formation sites were higher in the OVX + ABL group than in the OVX group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Abaloparatide suppresses bone loss following ovariectomy by promoting both remodeling-based and modeling-based bone formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Dr. Nicholas G. Fischer: Letter to “Mirror-polished ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite enhances gingival junctional epithelial cell adhesion”","authors":"Shoma Yamamori ,&nbsp;Eri Urano-Morisawa ,&nbsp;Ayako Mochizuki ,&nbsp;Ryo Aizawa ,&nbsp;Fuminori Iwasa ,&nbsp;Matsuo Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Kazuyoshi Baba","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of DLX3/SAHH axis on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in alveolar bone","authors":"Shichen Sun ,&nbsp;Yuxi Jiang ,&nbsp;Kang Chen ,&nbsp;Xinyi Chen ,&nbsp;Jinyou Chai ,&nbsp;Haipeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote alveolar bone formation and repair. Distal-less homeobox 3 (DLX3) plays a key regulatory role in BMSC osteogenesis. However, the precise pathway by which it mediates osteogenesis in BMSCs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the potential epigenetic mechanisms underlying DLX3-mediated BMSCs osteogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>BMSCs were isolated from the alveolar bone. DLX3 overexpression and knockdown cell lines were established using lentivirus-mediated gene transfer. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase expression, alizarin red staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) activity measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DLX3 enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, positively regulated SAHH, and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) activity. In addition, the long non-coding RNA H19 (H19) bound to SAHH in BMSCs. DLX3 regulated the expression of H19, and rescue experiments showed that H19 knockdown increased SAHH activity, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation in the DLX3-overexpression group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The DLX3/SAHH axis may regulate the activity of EZH2 involved in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis on cell cycle regulation in brain endothelial cells","authors":"Andrea Fernanda Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Juan Sebastian Buitrago ,&nbsp;Yormaris Castillo ,&nbsp;Gloria Inés Lafaurie ,&nbsp;Diana Marcela Buitrago-Ramirez","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Advanced periodontitis potentially contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) development and progression by altering the blood–brain barrier microenvironment in the cerebral microvascular endothelium. This results, in cytotoxicity, cell cycle disruption, and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, allowing pathogens to enter the brain and damage the central nervous system (CNS). This study evaluated the effects of <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> W83 infection on pro-inflammatory response, cell viability, and cell cycle regulation in mouse brain endothelial cells (mBECs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>mBECs were stimulated with live <em>P. gingivalis</em> at different multiplicity of infection (MOI) values (1:5, 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200) for 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. Cell viability, cell cycle regulation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression were assessed using the alamarBlue assay, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>P. gingivalis</em> reduced cell viability, induced morphological changes in mBECs by &gt;50 % after 48 h (p &lt; 0.05) and caused concentration-dependent arrest in the S and G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle at MOI = 1:100 and 1:200. The <em>Il6</em>, <em>Il1b</em>, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (<em>Tnf</em>) mRNA expression increased significantly compared to that of the controls (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>P. gingivalis</em> reduced cellular metabolism and induced early cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in mBECs cells. It also increased the pro-inflammatory response, which could be associated with cell death and possible senescence of brain endothelial cells. These results suggested a possible role for <em>P. gingivalis</em> in the pathogenesis of AD. Further studies are required to elucidate these underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of antigen-induced arthritis and compressive mechanical stress on condylar head of mandible","authors":"Shinnosuke Nogami ,&nbsp;Tomonari Kajita ,&nbsp;Yuta Yanagisawa ,&nbsp;Hikari Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yuri Takeda ,&nbsp;Ko Ito ,&nbsp;Akira Kumasaka ,&nbsp;Christoph Steiner ,&nbsp;Alexander Gaggl ,&nbsp;Masahiro Iikubo ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kumamoto ,&nbsp;Kensuke Yamauchi","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Compressive mechanical stress was applied to the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) affected by antigen-induced arthritis to assess the etiological factors of idiopathic condylar resorption.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following ovariectomy in 27 female rabbits, 12 received ovalbumin (OVA), 12 received phosphate-buffered saline, and three formed the control group. Each treated rabbit underwent an osteotomy, and a custom device was employed for one week postoperatively, with the length increased by 0.25 mm every 12 h to provide compressive mechanical stress to the TMJ. Thereafter, samples were obtained from the treated groups, subjected to histological staining and immunohistochemistry, and examined using micro-computed tomography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At each examination, the OVA group showed a greater area and depth of bone resorption, with bone resorption continuing for three weeks following distraction. Additionally, subcondylar bone resorption was noted significantly earlier and had a greater prevalence in the OVA group and greater numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells. Immunostaining for metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13 of the anterior condylar head in the OVA group after two and three weeks revealed high levels of both proteins from the surface to the deep cartilage layer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Therefore, coexisting TMJ pathology factors, such as antigen-induced arthritis, promote a significantly greater amount of condylar head anterior surface bone resorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of glucose metabolism in amelogenesis","authors":"Hiroko Ida-Yonemochi","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cell energy metabolism plays a pivotal role in organ development and function by regulating cell behavior in pathophysiological conditions. Glucose metabolism is the central cascade for obtaining energy in mammalian cells, and cells alter the glucose metabolic pathway depending on intra- and extracellular environments. Therefore, glucose metabolism is closely associated with cell differentiation stages, and cell energy metabolism plays a vital role not only in energy production but also in cell fate regulation in organogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Highlight</h3><div>During enamel formation, the timing of the expression of passive and active glucose transporters, glycogen synthesis, and glycogen degradation is strictly regulated according to the energy demand of ameloblast-lineage cells. These glucose metabolic reactions are particularly active in the maturation stage of ameloblasts. Furthermore, autophagy, a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis that modulates glucose metabolism, occurs during both the secretory and maturation stages of ameloblasts. Disruption of glucose metabolism cascade and autophagy induces enamel hypoplasia, as demonstrated in both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adequate energy supply via glucose metabolism is essential for enamel matrix secretion and maturation. A thorough understanding of the precise regulation of energy metabolism in amelogenesis facilitates comprehension of the normal enamel formation process and pathological conditions affecting it. This review summarizes glucose metabolic processes during amelogenesis, focusing on glucose uptake, glycogenesis, and glycogenolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}