Journal of Oral Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"Microbial signatures in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma: Implications of tobacco and betel quid consumption","authors":"Namrata Jiya ,&nbsp;Avinash Sanap ,&nbsp;Shruti Srivastava ,&nbsp;Supriya Kheur ,&nbsp;Avinash Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We compared the oral bacteriome and mycobiome of patients with oral submucosal fibrosis (OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who consumed tobacco/betel quid with those of healthy individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Targeted amplicon sequencing coupled with bioinformatics analysis was performed to assess the bacterial and fungal communities in the oral cavity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Distinct variations in the microbial communities were observed among the healthy, OSMF, and OSCC samples. Firmicutes was dominant at the phylum level: 21.71 %, 21.73 %, and 24.56 % in the healthy control, OSMF, and OSCC samples, respectively. <em>Lactobacillus</em> (9.6 %, 9.04 %, and 8.9 %) and <em>Streptococcus</em> (7.3 %, 7.55 %, and 6.1 %) showed minimal variation among the healthy, OSMF, and OSCC samples, respectively, at the genus level. <em>Rothia</em> (2.73 %) and <em>Veillonella</em> (1.52 %) were prominent in those with OSMF, and <em>Gemella</em> (2.2 %) and <em>Fusobacterium</em> (1.5 %) were prominent in the OSCC samples. The oral mycobiome was dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in all samples, with Ascomycota accounting for 18.95 %, 16.05 %, and 15.87 %, and Basidiomycota for 13.55 %, 15.79 %, and 15.96 % in the OSCC, OSMF, and healthy samples, respectively. PICRUSt2 analysis revealed the key metabolic pathways linked to disease and xenobiotic degradation, related to the harmful compounds from tobacco, highlighting the clinical relevance of tobacco and betel quid associated microbial communities as well as the differences between OSCC and OSMF.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Microbial signatures associated with OSCC and OSMF could serve as biomarkers for early cancer detection. These findings highlight how tobacco and betel quid consumption promote cancer and alter the oral microbome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alendronate inhibits bone-specific blood vessels in the femoral metaphyses of mice","authors":"Tomoka Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Mako Sakakibara ,&nbsp;Xuanyu Liu ,&nbsp;Hirona Yoshino ,&nbsp;Yan Shi ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Cui ,&nbsp;Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae ,&nbsp;Weisong Li ,&nbsp;Wang Haoyu ,&nbsp;Tomomaya Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Hotaka Ishizu ,&nbsp;Tamaki Sekiguchi ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Shimizu ,&nbsp;Norio Amizuka","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To determine whether alendronate affects vascular endothelial cells and regulates the interactions between blood vessels and osteoblasts, we have examined the femoral metaphyses of alendronate-administered mice. Following administration, the bone-specific blood vessels exhibited significantly reduced luminal diameters and rough luminal surfaces with numerous small protrusions and vesicles. Although the osteoclast distribution remained unchanged in alendronate-treated mice, osteoblasts were inactivated in the metaphyseal regions where blood vessels had shrunk. Additionally, the expression of genes such as <em>Ephb4</em>/<em>Efnb2</em>, which mediate vascular endothelial cell–osteoblast interactions, was diminished. Therefore, alendronate may primarily affect bone-specific blood vessels, thus leading to osteoblast inactivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of antigen-induced arthritis and compressive mechanical stress on condylar head of mandible","authors":"Shinnosuke Nogami ,&nbsp;Tomonari Kajita ,&nbsp;Yuta Yanagisawa ,&nbsp;Hikari Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yuri Takeda ,&nbsp;Ko Ito ,&nbsp;Akira Kumasaka ,&nbsp;Christoph Steiner ,&nbsp;Alexander Gaggl ,&nbsp;Masahiro Iikubo ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kumamoto ,&nbsp;Kensuke Yamauchi","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Compressive mechanical stress was applied to the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) affected by antigen-induced arthritis to assess the etiological factors of idiopathic condylar resorption.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following ovariectomy in 27 female rabbits, 12 received ovalbumin (OVA), 12 received phosphate-buffered saline, and three formed the control group. Each treated rabbit underwent an osteotomy, and a custom device was employed for one week postoperatively, with the length increased by 0.25 mm every 12 h to provide compressive mechanical stress to the TMJ. Thereafter, samples were obtained from the treated groups, subjected to histological staining and immunohistochemistry, and examined using micro-computed tomography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At each examination, the OVA group showed a greater area and depth of bone resorption, with bone resorption continuing for three weeks following distraction. Additionally, subcondylar bone resorption was noted significantly earlier and had a greater prevalence in the OVA group and greater numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells. Immunostaining for metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13 of the anterior condylar head in the OVA group after two and three weeks revealed high levels of both proteins from the surface to the deep cartilage layer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Therefore, coexisting TMJ pathology factors, such as antigen-induced arthritis, promote a significantly greater amount of condylar head anterior surface bone resorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic compression loading alters osteoarthritis-related gene expression in three-dimensionally cultured human articular chondrocytes via a different mechanism than interleukin-1β induction","authors":"Minami Hikida ,&nbsp;Takashi Kanamoto ,&nbsp;Yoshihito Tachi ,&nbsp;Kosuke Ebina ,&nbsp;Masahiro Nakajima ,&nbsp;Ken Nakata","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Mechanical and inflammatory stimuli are key factors in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effects of mechanical stimulation on joint tissues and cells at the molecular level and the mechanisms of interaction after stimulation with inflammatory cytokines remains uninvestigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three-dimensional cyclic compression loading (CCL) was applied to human articular chondrocytes, and the expression of OA-related genes was analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the effects of CCL after the chondrocytes were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β were evaluated. A DNA microarray assay was used to compare changes in gene expression after chondrocytes were stimulated with IL-1β and CCL was applied, and to search for pathways that are affected by CCL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CCL of 40 kPa significantly upregulated the expression of IL-8, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, nerve growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-3. Transcription of IL-8, COX-2, and MMP-3 was synergistically promoted by CCL and IL-1β. The top 10 pathways enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes were not common in either group, except for the “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction”. The “tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway” and the “nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway” in the IL-1β group and “cell cycle” and the “Hippo signaling pathway” in the CCL group were included.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed that CCL-induced changes in gene expression were different to those induced by stimulation with IL-1β. Our results provide new insights into the involvement of mechanical stimulation in the pathogenesis of OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, radiographic, and histological features of buccal bifurcation cysts: A systematic review to aid accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions","authors":"Matheus de Castro Costa ,&nbsp;Rani Kanthan ,&nbsp;Marina Lara de Carli ,&nbsp;Felipe Fornias Sperandio","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review delves into the nuanced landscape of buccal bifurcation cysts (BBCs), emphasizing their clinical significance amid the diagnostic challenges in oral and maxillofacial pathology. We trace the evolution of BBC classification from historical perspectives to its current status in the World Health Organization's classification system, aiming to equip dental professionals with crucial insights for accurate diagnosis and effective management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023405169) followed PRISMA guidelines to examine the epidemiological characteristics of BBCs. Observational studies were included, while reviews, meta-analyses, and experimental studies were excluded. A comprehensive search across five databases identified eligible studies. Two independent reviewers screened articles, resolving disagreements by consensus or a third reviewer. Data extraction included clinical, histological, and imaging findings. Risk of bias was assessed using Murad's framework for case reports/series and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for other study types, with studies rated as low, moderate, or high quality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The information presented here is crucial for preventing past treatment errors associated with BBC. In addition, this review confirms that BBCs predominantly affect the posterior mandible of pediatric patients and exhibit consistent clinical and histopathological features, aiding in their differentiation from similar maxillofacial lesions. Thus, well-informed clinicians should be able to diagnose BBC and make a proper treatment choice after familiarizing themselves with this review, which will ultimately lead to a favorable prognostic outcome and reduced risk of lesion recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides a comprehensive analysis of BBC, aiming to enhance clinical understanding and ultimately improve patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezo1 promotes double-directional differentiation from human periodontal ligament progenitor cells","authors":"Yuri Kono ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kajiya ,&nbsp;Riko Nagano ,&nbsp;Chisato Tominaga ,&nbsp;Hidefumi Maeda ,&nbsp;Tsugumi Fujita ,&nbsp;Sachio Tamaoki","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Human periodontal ligament (PDL) progenitor cells (hPDLPCs) sense mechanical stress and differentiate into osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and fibroblasts during orthodontic tooth movement. The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 has been known to be present in PDL tissues and is involved in mineralization during bone regeneration. However, the functional role and underlying mechanisms of Piezo1 in osteogenesis and cementogenesis are unknown. We hypothesize that Piezo proteins are expressed in and regulate the differentiation of hPDLPCs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined the effects of Piezo1 activation, by agonist and mechanical stretching, on the expression of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules in hPDLPCs using RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>hPDLPCs showed calcium influx in Piezo1 and Piezo2, but not in TRPV4 and its channels. In hPDLPCs, the Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca²⁺/CREB pathway. To investigate the role of Piezo1 in hPDLPC-mediated differentiation, knockout (KO) of Piezo1 in hPDLPCs was generated; significant downregulation of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules was observed in KO hPDLPCs. Furthermore, Piezo1 enhanced the mineralization of hPDLPCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>hPDLPCs expressed Piezo1 and Piezo2. Yoda1, Piezo1 agonist, significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca²⁺/CREB signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Androgen suppression protects against hyposalivation and salivary gland damage in mice with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Ana Lilia García-Hernández,&nbsp;Nancy Cruz-Mendoza,&nbsp;Gerardo Arturo Rueda-Cortez,&nbsp;Saúl Ernesto Cifuentes-Mendiola","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hyposalivation is one of the most common oral complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sex hormone levels, which have been associated with hyposalivation, salivary gland atrophy, and inflammation, can be altered in T2D. However, the relationship between androgen levels and hyposalivation in the context of T2D is unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the role of gonadal androgen suppression on the function and histomorphometry of salivary glands in mice with T2D.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: control, orchiectomy (ORQx), T2D, and ORQx-T2D. Orchiectomy was performed at eight weeks of age, and T2D was induced using a high-calorie diet and low-dose streptozotocin. At 20 weeks of age, the blood glucose levels, saliva secretion and quality, and serum testosterone were measured. The parotid and submandibular glands were retrieved, processed for histology, and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Sirius Red or immunohistochemically stained for α-amylase, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-α.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mice with T2D exhibited decreased saliva secretion and quality, reduced α-amylase expression, and the number of acini. They also developed glandular fibrosis and acinar hypertrophy, along with increased in proinflammatory cytokines in both salivary glands. Androgen suppression in mice with T2D reduced hyperglycemia, normalized saliva secretion, decreased glandular fibrosis and acinar hypertrophy, increased α-amylase expression, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression in both glands.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Androgen suppression in mice with T2D reduces the development of hyposalivation and histomorphometric changes in the parotid and submandibular glands by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor, “Mirror-polished ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite enhances gingival junctional epithelial cell adhesion” [J Oral Biosci, Volume 67, 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.100593]","authors":"Nicholas G. Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100647","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial effects of great salt lake mineral salts on oral pathogenic bacteria: Implications for oral care","authors":"Inori Inui ,&nbsp;Atsushi Iwatsuki ,&nbsp;Yoshie Yoshioka ,&nbsp;Manabu Habu ,&nbsp;Wataru Ariyoshi ,&nbsp;Ryota Yamasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the antimicrobial effects of purified natural mineral salts from the Great Salt Lake on oral pathogenic bacteria. Salts rich in sodium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium effectively inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of cariogenic and periodontopathogenic bacteria at lower concentrations than does sodium chloride. These findings suggest the potential applications of these salts in oral care products such as toothpaste and mouthwash.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus by n-butyric acid from Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus induces inflammatory cytokines in periapical granulomas","authors":"Taiki Miyata ,&nbsp;Osamu Takeichi ,&nbsp;Kenichi Imai ,&nbsp;Masayuki Okano ,&nbsp;Seiya Inoue ,&nbsp;Takuya Yasukawa ,&nbsp;Yusuke Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigates whether latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can be reactivated by n-butyric acid from <em>Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus</em>, and if such reactivation induces expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in periapical granulomas.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed periapical granulomas and healthy gingival tissues to detect the presence of EBV and <em>P. alactolyticus</em>. The concentration of n-butyric acid in <em>P. alactolyticus</em> culture supernatants was measured. BZLF-1 luciferase assays were conducted with or without these supernatants. Immunohistochemical detection of ZEBRA-, IL-1β-, and IL-6-expressing cells was performed in the tissue samples. Additionally, mRNA expression levels of BZLF-1, IL-1β, and IL-6 were quantified and statistically analyzed for correlation. The expression of these mRNAs was also measured in Daudi cells treated with or without the culture supernatants.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both EBV and <em>P. alactolyticus</em> were detected in periapical granulomas, but not in healthy tissues. The concentration of n-butyric acid in the culture supernatants was ∼3.58 mmol/L. BZLF-1 luciferase activity in the presence of the culture supernatants was comparable to that of commercially available butyric acid, whereas no activity was detected without the supernatants. Cells expressing ZEBRA co-expressed IL-1β and IL-6. The mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in periapical granulomas were correlated with BZLF-1 mRNA levels. Daudi cells treated with the culture supernatants expressed BZLF-1, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA, while those without the supernatants did not.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study concludes that EBV can be reactivated by n-butyric acid produced by <em>P. alactolyticus</em>, leading to the induction of IL-1β and IL-6 expression in periapical granulomas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}