Journal of Oral Biosciences最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive anatomical dissection procedure with special reference to the layer-structured facial muscles and fasciae and mouth floor","authors":"Hisako Takami ,&nbsp;Yuka Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Sanako Makishi-Takano ,&nbsp;Yuji Katsumi ,&nbsp;Noboru Sato ,&nbsp;Hayato Ohshima","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Conventional head and neck practice procedures fail to address several clinical issues. Anatomical structures were removed from the surface layers in that order, and the dissection was shifted to the deeper layer. This approach makes it difficult for medical and dental students to understand the relationships among various anatomical structures. Furthermore, it is difficult to determine the risk on the mandibular nerves and blood vessels during conventional mandible removal procedures. This study aims to develop an anatomical technique that maintains the skin, superficial facial muscles/fasciae, and mandibles, and to reveal the relationships among the bones, muscles, fasciae, blood vessels, and nerves of the face and floor of the mouth.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 43 human cadavers were examined during gross anatomy courses at Niigata University from 2018 to 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Using this dissection method, students were able to understand the relationship between the facial muscles/fasciae, nerves, blood vessels, and muscles without removing the skin. Furthermore, this dissection helps surgeons to understand the risk of nerve and vascular damage during surgery as well as the efficiency of facelift methods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provided a clarity on anatomical dissection in the head and neck region and the relationship between anatomical structures from a clinical perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of DLX3/SAHH axis on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in alveolar bone","authors":"Shichen Sun ,&nbsp;Yuxi Jiang ,&nbsp;Kang Chen ,&nbsp;Xinyi Chen ,&nbsp;Jinyou Chai ,&nbsp;Haipeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote alveolar bone formation and repair. Distal-less homeobox 3 (DLX3) plays a key regulatory role in BMSC osteogenesis. However, the precise pathway by which it mediates osteogenesis in BMSCs remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the potential epigenetic mechanisms underlying DLX3-mediated BMSCs osteogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>BMSCs were isolated from the alveolar bone. DLX3 overexpression and knockdown cell lines were established using lentivirus-mediated gene transfer. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase expression, alizarin red staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) activity measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DLX3 enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, positively regulated SAHH, and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) activity. In addition, the long non-coding RNA H19 (H19) bound to SAHH in BMSCs. DLX3 regulated the expression of H19, and rescue experiments showed that H19 knockdown increased SAHH activity, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation in the DLX3-overexpression group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The DLX3/SAHH axis may regulate the activity of EZH2 involved in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressive effects of lemon myrtle extract against the colonization and virulence factors of Candida spp.","authors":"Siyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Chun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Candida</em> species (<em>Candida</em> spp.) are among the most common opportunistic pathogens inhabiting the oral cavity and frequently cause infection in immunocompromised individuals. Conventional antibiotic treatments for <em>Candida</em> infections face significant challenges, including the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. This highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies, particularly those leveraging natural products.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of an aqueous lemon myrtle extract on the colonization and virulence of six <em>Candida</em> spp., including microbial adhesion, biofilm formation, extracellular polysaccharide production, hyphal production, and several invasion-associated virulence factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The extract significantly reduced <em>Candida</em> adhesion to hard surfaces and inhibited biofilm formation. Additionally, it suppressed the production of insoluble extracellular polysaccharides and various invasion-associated virulence factors, including phospholipase, ergosterol, protease, and hyphal formation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings provide a better understanding of the potential role of lemon myrtle extract as a natural therapeutic agent for controlling <em>Candida</em> colonization and mitigating its invasive capabilities. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of lemon myrtle as a promising alternative for the management of <em>Candida</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial signatures in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma: Implications of tobacco and betel quid consumption","authors":"Namrata Jiya ,&nbsp;Avinash Sanap ,&nbsp;Shruti Srivastava ,&nbsp;Supriya Kheur ,&nbsp;Avinash Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We compared the oral bacteriome and mycobiome of patients with oral submucosal fibrosis (OSMF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who consumed tobacco/betel quid with those of healthy individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Targeted amplicon sequencing coupled with bioinformatics analysis was performed to assess the bacterial and fungal communities in the oral cavity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Distinct variations in the microbial communities were observed among the healthy, OSMF, and OSCC samples. Firmicutes was dominant at the phylum level: 21.71 %, 21.73 %, and 24.56 % in the healthy control, OSMF, and OSCC samples, respectively. <em>Lactobacillus</em> (9.6 %, 9.04 %, and 8.9 %) and <em>Streptococcus</em> (7.3 %, 7.55 %, and 6.1 %) showed minimal variation among the healthy, OSMF, and OSCC samples, respectively, at the genus level. <em>Rothia</em> (2.73 %) and <em>Veillonella</em> (1.52 %) were prominent in those with OSMF, and <em>Gemella</em> (2.2 %) and <em>Fusobacterium</em> (1.5 %) were prominent in the OSCC samples. The oral mycobiome was dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in all samples, with Ascomycota accounting for 18.95 %, 16.05 %, and 15.87 %, and Basidiomycota for 13.55 %, 15.79 %, and 15.96 % in the OSCC, OSMF, and healthy samples, respectively. PICRUSt2 analysis revealed the key metabolic pathways linked to disease and xenobiotic degradation, related to the harmful compounds from tobacco, highlighting the clinical relevance of tobacco and betel quid associated microbial communities as well as the differences between OSCC and OSMF.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Microbial signatures associated with OSCC and OSMF could serve as biomarkers for early cancer detection. These findings highlight how tobacco and betel quid consumption promote cancer and alter the oral microbome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alendronate inhibits bone-specific blood vessels in the femoral metaphyses of mice","authors":"Tomoka Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Mako Sakakibara ,&nbsp;Xuanyu Liu ,&nbsp;Hirona Yoshino ,&nbsp;Yan Shi ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Cui ,&nbsp;Mai Haraguchi-Kitakamae ,&nbsp;Weisong Li ,&nbsp;Wang Haoyu ,&nbsp;Tomomaya Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Hotaka Ishizu ,&nbsp;Tamaki Sekiguchi ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Shimizu ,&nbsp;Norio Amizuka","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To determine whether alendronate affects vascular endothelial cells and regulates the interactions between blood vessels and osteoblasts, we have examined the femoral metaphyses of alendronate-administered mice. Following administration, the bone-specific blood vessels exhibited significantly reduced luminal diameters and rough luminal surfaces with numerous small protrusions and vesicles. Although the osteoclast distribution remained unchanged in alendronate-treated mice, osteoblasts were inactivated in the metaphyseal regions where blood vessels had shrunk. Additionally, the expression of genes such as <em>Ephb4</em>/<em>Efnb2</em>, which mediate vascular endothelial cell–osteoblast interactions, was diminished. Therefore, alendronate may primarily affect bone-specific blood vessels, thus leading to osteoblast inactivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of antigen-induced arthritis and compressive mechanical stress on condylar head of mandible","authors":"Shinnosuke Nogami ,&nbsp;Tomonari Kajita ,&nbsp;Yuta Yanagisawa ,&nbsp;Hikari Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yuri Takeda ,&nbsp;Ko Ito ,&nbsp;Akira Kumasaka ,&nbsp;Christoph Steiner ,&nbsp;Alexander Gaggl ,&nbsp;Masahiro Iikubo ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kumamoto ,&nbsp;Kensuke Yamauchi","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Compressive mechanical stress was applied to the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) affected by antigen-induced arthritis to assess the etiological factors of idiopathic condylar resorption.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following ovariectomy in 27 female rabbits, 12 received ovalbumin (OVA), 12 received phosphate-buffered saline, and three formed the control group. Each treated rabbit underwent an osteotomy, and a custom device was employed for one week postoperatively, with the length increased by 0.25 mm every 12 h to provide compressive mechanical stress to the TMJ. Thereafter, samples were obtained from the treated groups, subjected to histological staining and immunohistochemistry, and examined using micro-computed tomography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At each examination, the OVA group showed a greater area and depth of bone resorption, with bone resorption continuing for three weeks following distraction. Additionally, subcondylar bone resorption was noted significantly earlier and had a greater prevalence in the OVA group and greater numbers of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells. Immunostaining for metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13 of the anterior condylar head in the OVA group after two and three weeks revealed high levels of both proteins from the surface to the deep cartilage layer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Therefore, coexisting TMJ pathology factors, such as antigen-induced arthritis, promote a significantly greater amount of condylar head anterior surface bone resorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic compression loading alters osteoarthritis-related gene expression in three-dimensionally cultured human articular chondrocytes via a different mechanism than interleukin-1β induction","authors":"Minami Hikida ,&nbsp;Takashi Kanamoto ,&nbsp;Yoshihito Tachi ,&nbsp;Kosuke Ebina ,&nbsp;Masahiro Nakajima ,&nbsp;Ken Nakata","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Mechanical and inflammatory stimuli are key factors in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the effects of mechanical stimulation on joint tissues and cells at the molecular level and the mechanisms of interaction after stimulation with inflammatory cytokines remains uninvestigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three-dimensional cyclic compression loading (CCL) was applied to human articular chondrocytes, and the expression of OA-related genes was analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the effects of CCL after the chondrocytes were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β were evaluated. A DNA microarray assay was used to compare changes in gene expression after chondrocytes were stimulated with IL-1β and CCL was applied, and to search for pathways that are affected by CCL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CCL of 40 kPa significantly upregulated the expression of IL-8, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, nerve growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-3. Transcription of IL-8, COX-2, and MMP-3 was synergistically promoted by CCL and IL-1β. The top 10 pathways enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes were not common in either group, except for the “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction”. The “tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway” and the “nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway” in the IL-1β group and “cell cycle” and the “Hippo signaling pathway” in the CCL group were included.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed that CCL-induced changes in gene expression were different to those induced by stimulation with IL-1β. Our results provide new insights into the involvement of mechanical stimulation in the pathogenesis of OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, radiographic, and histological features of buccal bifurcation cysts: A systematic review to aid accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions","authors":"Matheus de Castro Costa ,&nbsp;Rani Kanthan ,&nbsp;Marina Lara de Carli ,&nbsp;Felipe Fornias Sperandio","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review delves into the nuanced landscape of buccal bifurcation cysts (BBCs), emphasizing their clinical significance amid the diagnostic challenges in oral and maxillofacial pathology. We trace the evolution of BBC classification from historical perspectives to its current status in the World Health Organization's classification system, aiming to equip dental professionals with crucial insights for accurate diagnosis and effective management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023405169) followed PRISMA guidelines to examine the epidemiological characteristics of BBCs. Observational studies were included, while reviews, meta-analyses, and experimental studies were excluded. A comprehensive search across five databases identified eligible studies. Two independent reviewers screened articles, resolving disagreements by consensus or a third reviewer. Data extraction included clinical, histological, and imaging findings. Risk of bias was assessed using Murad's framework for case reports/series and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for other study types, with studies rated as low, moderate, or high quality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The information presented here is crucial for preventing past treatment errors associated with BBC. In addition, this review confirms that BBCs predominantly affect the posterior mandible of pediatric patients and exhibit consistent clinical and histopathological features, aiding in their differentiation from similar maxillofacial lesions. Thus, well-informed clinicians should be able to diagnose BBC and make a proper treatment choice after familiarizing themselves with this review, which will ultimately lead to a favorable prognostic outcome and reduced risk of lesion recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides a comprehensive analysis of BBC, aiming to enhance clinical understanding and ultimately improve patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezo1 promotes double-directional differentiation from human periodontal ligament progenitor cells","authors":"Yuri Kono ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kajiya ,&nbsp;Riko Nagano ,&nbsp;Chisato Tominaga ,&nbsp;Hidefumi Maeda ,&nbsp;Tsugumi Fujita ,&nbsp;Sachio Tamaoki","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Human periodontal ligament (PDL) progenitor cells (hPDLPCs) sense mechanical stress and differentiate into osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and fibroblasts during orthodontic tooth movement. The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 has been known to be present in PDL tissues and is involved in mineralization during bone regeneration. However, the functional role and underlying mechanisms of Piezo1 in osteogenesis and cementogenesis are unknown. We hypothesize that Piezo proteins are expressed in and regulate the differentiation of hPDLPCs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined the effects of Piezo1 activation, by agonist and mechanical stretching, on the expression of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules in hPDLPCs using RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>hPDLPCs showed calcium influx in Piezo1 and Piezo2, but not in TRPV4 and its channels. In hPDLPCs, the Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca²⁺/CREB pathway. To investigate the role of Piezo1 in hPDLPC-mediated differentiation, knockout (KO) of Piezo1 in hPDLPCs was generated; significant downregulation of osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules was observed in KO hPDLPCs. Furthermore, Piezo1 enhanced the mineralization of hPDLPCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>hPDLPCs expressed Piezo1 and Piezo2. Yoda1, Piezo1 agonist, significantly upregulated osteogenesis- and cementogenesis-related molecules through the Ca²⁺/CREB signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Androgen suppression protects against hyposalivation and salivary gland damage in mice with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Ana Lilia García-Hernández,&nbsp;Nancy Cruz-Mendoza,&nbsp;Gerardo Arturo Rueda-Cortez,&nbsp;Saúl Ernesto Cifuentes-Mendiola","doi":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.job.2025.100646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hyposalivation is one of the most common oral complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sex hormone levels, which have been associated with hyposalivation, salivary gland atrophy, and inflammation, can be altered in T2D. However, the relationship between androgen levels and hyposalivation in the context of T2D is unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the role of gonadal androgen suppression on the function and histomorphometry of salivary glands in mice with T2D.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: control, orchiectomy (ORQx), T2D, and ORQx-T2D. Orchiectomy was performed at eight weeks of age, and T2D was induced using a high-calorie diet and low-dose streptozotocin. At 20 weeks of age, the blood glucose levels, saliva secretion and quality, and serum testosterone were measured. The parotid and submandibular glands were retrieved, processed for histology, and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Sirius Red or immunohistochemically stained for α-amylase, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-α.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mice with T2D exhibited decreased saliva secretion and quality, reduced α-amylase expression, and the number of acini. They also developed glandular fibrosis and acinar hypertrophy, along with increased in proinflammatory cytokines in both salivary glands. Androgen suppression in mice with T2D reduced hyperglycemia, normalized saliva secretion, decreased glandular fibrosis and acinar hypertrophy, increased α-amylase expression, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression in both glands.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Androgen suppression in mice with T2D reduces the development of hyposalivation and histomorphometric changes in the parotid and submandibular glands by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral Biosciences","volume":"67 2","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}