Senescence in palatal rugae development

IF 2.3 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Oral Biosciences Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI:10.1016/j.job.2025.100688

Finsa Tisna Sari , Maiko Kawasaki , Katsushige Kawasaki , Vanessa Utama , Alex Kesuma , Makoto Fukushima , Takehisa Kudo , Akira Fujita , Kaya Ichikawa , Yurie Sato-Yamada , Ippei Shimizu , Tohru Minamino , Jun Nihara , Atsushi Ohazama

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Abstract

Objectives

Periodic patterning is a common feature observed in many organs and is believed to share common molecular mechanisms during development. Palatal rugae, periodically patterned ridges located on the mammalian hard palate, provide an excellent experimental model for investigating the mechanisms of periodic patterning.

Methods

We investigated senescence during palatal rugae development in wild-type mice.

Results

Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity was observed during palatal rugae development in wild-type mice. During embryonic days (E) 12–14, SA-β-gal activity was detected in the placodes of rugae 1–4 and 8. IL-6 and p21 expression were present in the placodes of these rugae at these stages. SA-β-gal signal began to disappear at E15 and was no longer detectable in all rugae at E16. The expression of macrophage markers was observed as SA-β-gal activity disappeared. SA-β-gal activity persisted in mice with epithelial conditional deletion of p21. Furthermore, we successfully reduced SA-β-gal activity using a senolytic drug.

Conclusions

Senescence-like cells, activated via a p21-independent pathway, are present during palatal rugae development.

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腭纹发育中的衰老

目的：周期性模式是许多器官的共同特征，并被认为在发育过程中具有共同的分子机制。腭纹是位于哺乳动物硬腭上的周期性纹脊，为研究周期性纹的机制提供了一个很好的实验模型。方法对野生型小鼠腭纹发育过程中的衰老进行研究。结果在野生型小鼠腭纹发育过程中观察到衰老相关β-半乳糖苷酶（SA-β-gal）活性。在胚胎期(E) 12-14，在rugae 1-4和8的基板中检测到SA-β-gal活性。IL-6和p21的表达出现在这些阶段的rugae的基板中。在E15时SA-β-gal信号开始消失，在E16时所有rugae中不再检测到SA-β-gal信号。SA-β-gal活性消失后，观察巨噬细胞标志物的表达。SA-β-gal活性在p21上皮条件缺失小鼠中持续存在。此外，我们成功地降低SA-β-gal活性使用抗衰老药物。结论在腭纹发育过程中存在通过p21独立通路激活的衰老样细胞。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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