Labour-EnglandPub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1111/labr.70007
Porjai Chalermsook, Pekka Ilmakunnas, Rudiger von Arnim
{"title":"Exports, Gender Inequality, and Family Commitment","authors":"Porjai Chalermsook, Pekka Ilmakunnas, Rudiger von Arnim","doi":"10.1111/labr.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/labr.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines how exporting firms, gender, and family commitments interact to shape wage disparities. Using Finnish matched employer–employee data, we estimate wage equations that control for firm, worker, and match-specific unobservables. While exporting firms do not exhibit a wider gender wage gap overall, women with young children face additional short-run wage penalties, as shown by an event-study analysis that reveals a temporary but pronounced gap in the early post-childbirth years. These penalties are concentrated in occupations with greater temporal rigidity and limited scheduling flexibility, highlighting workplace flexibility constraints as a key mechanism. The findings suggest that the interaction between export-related temporal demands and caregiving responsibilities contributes to gendered wage dynamics. These results also raise questions about the continuing relevance of gender norms that disadvantage female employees, even in a context with strong public support for parental leave and childcare in Finland.</p>","PeriodicalId":45843,"journal":{"name":"Labour-England","volume":"40 1","pages":"74-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/labr.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Labour-EnglandPub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1111/labr.70006
Martina Bazzoli, Gianni De Fraja, Silvia De Poli, Enrico Rettore, Antonio Schizzerotto
{"title":"Skills Training Programmes for Unemployed Workers in Developed Economies","authors":"Martina Bazzoli, Gianni De Fraja, Silvia De Poli, Enrico Rettore, Antonio Schizzerotto","doi":"10.1111/labr.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper studies the effects of skills training courses on the labour market outcomes of unemployed workers in the north-east of Italy. We find a positive effect of about 5–6 percentage points in the share of days employed. This effect persists into the fourth year after the beginning of the course and is driven especially by participants younger than 30. From a methodological viewpoint, following Angrist & Rokkanen, we argue that the set-up is equivalent to a randomised controlled trial, given that the criterion which determines admission to the course is unrelated to the outcomes of interest.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45843,"journal":{"name":"Labour-England","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Labour-EnglandPub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1111/labr.70006
Martina Bazzoli, Gianni De Fraja, Silvia De Poli, Enrico Rettore, Antonio Schizzerotto
{"title":"Skills Training Programmes for Unemployed Workers in Developed Economies","authors":"Martina Bazzoli, Gianni De Fraja, Silvia De Poli, Enrico Rettore, Antonio Schizzerotto","doi":"10.1111/labr.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper studies the effects of skills training courses on the labour market outcomes of unemployed workers in the north-east of Italy. We find a positive effect of about 5–6 percentage points in the share of days employed. This effect persists into the fourth year after the beginning of the course and is driven especially by participants younger than 30. From a methodological viewpoint, following Angrist & Rokkanen, we argue that the set-up is equivalent to a randomised controlled trial, given that the criterion which determines admission to the course is unrelated to the outcomes of interest.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45843,"journal":{"name":"Labour-England","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Labour-EnglandPub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1111/labr.70005
José Valenzuela
{"title":"Job-to-Job Transitions: Wage Cuts and Wage Growth. Evidence for a Developing Economy","authors":"José Valenzuela","doi":"10.1111/labr.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, I study which is the trade-off that workers face when accepting a wage cut after a <i>job-to-job</i> (JTJ) transition. Using data from the Chilean Unemployment Insurance (UI) registry, I show that JTJ transitions are positively associated with ex-post wage growth. Besides, conditional on a JTJ transition, workers who accept wage cuts show higher wage growth rates in their destination firms. I rationalize these findings in a parsimonious job search model that features exogenous wage-wage growth offers. Workers maximize the expected present value of moving JTJ or staying in their current firm when a job offer arrives. The model is calibrated in order to replicate most stylized facts documented in the empirical section and, through comparative statics exercises, the model highlights the relevance of the layoff probability, the correlation of wage levels and growth rates within a job offer, the value of unemployment and the offered <span></span><math>\u0000 \u0000 <semantics>\u0000 \u0000 <mrow>\u0000 \u0000 <mi>Mm</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </semantics>\u0000 </math>-ratio in explaining some of the observed labor market and wage dynamics. The evidence that I provide suggests that, even though a JTJ transition implies a wage cut, workers may also enjoy higher continuation values in their new job.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45843,"journal":{"name":"Labour-England","volume":"40 1","pages":"32-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Labour-EnglandPub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1111/labr.70005
José Valenzuela
{"title":"Job-to-Job Transitions: Wage Cuts and Wage Growth. Evidence for a Developing Economy","authors":"José Valenzuela","doi":"10.1111/labr.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, I study which is the trade-off that workers face when accepting a wage cut after a <i>job-to-job</i> (JTJ) transition. Using data from the Chilean Unemployment Insurance (UI) registry, I show that JTJ transitions are positively associated with ex-post wage growth. Besides, conditional on a JTJ transition, workers who accept wage cuts show higher wage growth rates in their destination firms. I rationalize these findings in a parsimonious job search model that features exogenous wage-wage growth offers. Workers maximize the expected present value of moving JTJ or staying in their current firm when a job offer arrives. The model is calibrated in order to replicate most stylized facts documented in the empirical section and, through comparative statics exercises, the model highlights the relevance of the layoff probability, the correlation of wage levels and growth rates within a job offer, the value of unemployment and the offered <span></span><math>\u0000 \u0000 <semantics>\u0000 \u0000 <mrow>\u0000 \u0000 <mi>Mm</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </semantics>\u0000 </math>-ratio in explaining some of the observed labor market and wage dynamics. The evidence that I provide suggests that, even though a JTJ transition implies a wage cut, workers may also enjoy higher continuation values in their new job.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45843,"journal":{"name":"Labour-England","volume":"40 1","pages":"32-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Labour-EnglandPub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1111/labr.70004
Niklas Elert, Niklas Rudholm, Hans Seerar Westerberg
{"title":"Employment Effects of Payroll Tax Reforms: Evidence From Swedish Service Industries","authors":"Niklas Elert, Niklas Rudholm, Hans Seerar Westerberg","doi":"10.1111/labr.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/labr.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the effects of Sweden's 2007 payroll tax reform. The research uniquely analyzes both job creation (extensive margin effects) and increased work hours for incumbent employees (intensive margin effects), which previous studies have largely overlooked. Our results show that, on average per firm, the reform led to 1.4 new full-time employees, 0.6 new part-time employees, and a substantial rise in work hours equivalent to 1.9 full-time employees per firm. Total effects are roughly twice as large as in similar studies failing to take the intensive margin into account. These findings emphasize the broader impact of payroll tax reforms, highlighting the importance of considering both extensive and intensive margin employment effects in future research and policy decisions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45843,"journal":{"name":"Labour-England","volume":"40 1","pages":"12-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146136075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Labour-EnglandPub Date : 2025-08-08DOI: 10.1111/labr.70003
Céline Antonin, Pierre Courtioux
{"title":"Researchers of a Feather Flock Together: Endogamy Recruitment Tracks for Industrial Researchers","authors":"Céline Antonin, Pierre Courtioux","doi":"10.1111/labr.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on French company data, we assess the hiring of different education profiles of industrial researchers in corporate R&D departments. First, our results show engineers are more likely to be recruited in corporate R&D that develops a patent-oriented strategy; PhD-holders are more likely to be recruited in firms that compete at the technological frontier and in companies that maintain close links with academia and public research. Second, new results reveal the endogamy of industrial researchers' recruitment based on the specifics of their scientific human capital and highlight the mitigating role of hybrid scientific human capital.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45843,"journal":{"name":"Labour-England","volume":"39 4","pages":"292-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145436157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}