Journal of Medical Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Associations of Increased Red Cell Distribution Width Levels with the Severity of Carotid Artery Stenosis: Cross-sectional Study Results.","authors":"Oleg Gaisenok","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_46_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_46_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is being actively studied as a biomarker in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of RDW in patients with carotid atherosclerosis, comparing it with an assessment of the severity of carotid artery stenosis (CAS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Duplex registry database was used to conduct this retrospective cross-sectional study. The study participants underwent a complete blood count test, analysis for lipid profile, and carotid ultrasound. The patients were divided into 5 groups depending on CAS degree: none; 20%-49%; 50%-69%; 70%-99%; and occlusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 2548 patients were included in the final analysis (mean age: 57.9 ± 12.3 years; 51% males [<i>n</i> = 1301]). The analysis confirmed the relationship between the increase in the RDW index and CAS gradation increase in men (Kr-W H = 16.43; <i>P</i> = 0.0009), but was not confirmed in women (Kr-W H = 4.32; <i>P</i> = 0.22). Significantly higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and platelets and lower levels of red blood cell and white blood cells were registered in female patients without CAS and with CAS < 50% compared with men (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study showed that RDW is an indicator whose increase is associated with an increase in the degree of carotid atherosclerosis in men, but not in women. This allows to discuss the role of the RDW index as a possible new laboratory biomarker of inflammation and progression of atherosclerosis, which can make an additional contribution to the formation of increased morbidity and mortality in men from atherosclerotic CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 2","pages":"148-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Placental Location on Ultrasound in Preeclampsia and Normotensive Pregnancy in Third Trimester.","authors":"Mahima Aggarwal, Rajni Mittal, Jasmine Chawla","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_39_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_39_23","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy account for 15%-20% maternal and 20%-25% perinatal mortality. There is interest in predicting preeclampsia (PE) early in pregnancy to reduce PE and its subsequent complications. There is no cheap and easily available, reliable predictor for PE. Some studies have shown that the lateral location of placenta is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes due to PE. The lateral placenta is yet to be proven as a strong predictor of PE to initiate preventive measures. Placental localization can be easily done on routine ultrasonography during pregnancy. In the light of these observations, a prospective study was done to study any association between PE and placental location by ultrasound in third trimester. Research Question: Is there any association between placental location on ultrasound and preeclampsia in third trimester? The objective is to study association between location of placenta and preeclampsia and compare placental location in normotensive pregnancies with that in PE in third trimester.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A prospective comparative, case-control, observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at North DMC Medical College and Hindu Rao Hospital, Delhi, India, from August 2019 to April 2020. The study population included 200 pregnant women with singleton pregnancy in third trimester, without any medical disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, renal disease, cardiac disease, and coagulation disorder or smoking. One hundred women had preeclampsia and 100 were normotensive controls. Ultrasound was done after filling F form as per the Government of India guidelines to rule out sex determination, and placenta was localized by ultrasound. Placenta was classified as central when it was equally distributed between the right and left sides of the uterus irrespective of anterior, posterior, or fundal position and lateral when 75% or more of the placental mass was on one side of the midline. Placental location was compared in hypertensive and normotensive pregnancies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of the total 200 women, 152 (76%) had central and 48 (24%) had lateral placenta. Ninety-two percent of controls and 60% of cases had central placenta. Forty percent of cases and only 8% normotensive women had lateral placenta. Lateral placenta was five times more frequent in presence of PE as compared to normotensive controls. Out of 152 women with central placenta, 92 (60.5%) women were normotensive but with lateral placenta, only 8 (16.7%) had normal blood pressure. PE was present in 83% of women with lateral placenta and in only 39.47% with central placenta. This difference was statistically significant as &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001 as per Chi-square test. This reflects a significant association between lateral position of placenta and occurrence of PE. As per odds ratio (0.1304) patients without lateral placenta had 90% protection a","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 2","pages":"161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Ultrasound Markers of Isolated Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return and a Sequential Approach to Reach Diagnosis.","authors":"Wan-Ling Chih, Hsuan Ko, Tung-Yao Chang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_4_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_4_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article comprehensively reviews the literature concerning prenatal ultrasound findings of isolated total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) and the application of specific sonographic markers to differentiate among the TAPVR types. These markers can be categorized as direct and indirect, based on either morphological features or hemodynamic changes in TAPVR. Indirect markers include the ventricular disproportion, an increased distance between the left atrium (LA) and the descending aorta, as well as the dilatation of superior vena cava or coronary sinus for supracardiac or cardiac TAPVR, along with abnormal pulmonary venous spectral Doppler patterns. Direct markers predominantly focus on the absence of a connection between the pulmonary veins and the LA. Some direct markers are specific to certain TAPVR types, such as the vertical vein. Diagnosing isolated TAPVR can pose challenges, but following a sequential approach can improve detection rates and outcomes. In cases with equivocal findings, additional follow-ups are recommended. The sequential approach described in the current article provides a step-wise methodology and sonographic markers for prenatal diagnosis of TAPVR, which can be utilized by fetal-maternal medicine specialists, obstetricians, and radiological technicians to ensure timely interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 2","pages":"104-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11175370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Ultrasound Imaging of Orofacial Clefts: A Pictorial Essay.","authors":"Tze-Yi Yang, Tung-Yao Chang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_123_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_123_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orofacial clefts (OFCs), including cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and CL with palate (CL/P), are relatively common congenital birth defects occurring in approximately 1 in 500 to 1 in 2500 live births. Detecting OFCs during prenatal ultrasound screening is crucial for informed decision-making and multidisciplinary medical care. This review provides a practical guide for routine and advanced screening for OFCs during mid-pregnancy. The Maarse classification system facilitates effective communication among the multidisciplinary team, categorizing OFCs into five types. Basic ultrasound views encompass coronal, sagittal, and axial imaging of the face and hard palate. Additional visualization techniques are employed in case of suspected anomalies during the initial screening. Advanced ultrasound views provided by the expert in prenatal OFC diagnosis include imaging of the posterior edge of the hard palate and the posterior part of the soft palate. Detected OFCs exhibit a range of severity and affect different structures, underscoring the importance of accurate detection and classification for appropriate treatment planning. Implementing a standardized screening protocol for OFCs is essential. By enhancing detection rates and enabling early diagnosis, prenatal ultrasound screening contributes to improved patient outcomes and facilitates timely intervention by the multidisciplinary team. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the significance of standardized protocols and specialized techniques for prenatal ultrasound screening of OFCs. Early detection and classification of these malformations play a vital role in comprehensive management, ensuring that affected individuals and their families receive the appropriate care and support they need.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 1","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CME Test.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 1","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on Shear-wave Elastography of Palatine Tonsils: A Normative Study in Children.","authors":"Mahmood Dhahir Al-Mendalawi","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_133_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_133_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 1","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Counseling of Fetal Microcephaly.","authors":"Shu-Chin Chien, Chih-Ping Chen","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_18_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_18_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal microcephaly is a small head with various losses of cerebral cortical volume. The affected cases may suffer from a wide range in severity of impaired cerebral development from slight to severe mental retardation. It can be an isolated finding or with other anomalies depending on the heterogeneous causes including genetic mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, congenital infectious diseases, maternal alcohol consumption, and metabolic disorders during pregnancy. It is often a lifelong and incurable condition. Thus, early detection of fetal microcephaly and identification of the underlying causes are important for clinical staff to provide appropriate genetic counseling to the parents and accurate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Comment on Shear-wave Elastography of Palatine Tonsils: A Normative Study in Children.","authors":"Duzgun Can Senbil, Sonay Aydin","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_155_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_155_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"32 1","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140872526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on the Application of Ultrasonography in Understanding Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease","authors":"Wen-Chin Lee, Ben-Chung Cheng, Chien-Te Lee, S. Liao","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_77_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_77_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With an estimated prevalence of 1 in 1000 individuals globally, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) stands as the most prevalent inherited renal disorder. Ultrasonography (US) is the most widely used imaging modality in the diagnosis and monitoring of ADPKD. This review discusses the role of US in the evaluation of ADPKD, including its diagnostic accuracy, limitations, and recent advances. An overview of the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of ADPKD has also been provided. Furthermore, the potential of US as a noninvasive tool for the assessment of disease progression and treatment response is examined. Overall, US remains an essential tool for the management of ADPKD, and ongoing research efforts are aimed at improving its diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"8 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CME Test.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 4","pages":"352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139544011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}