{"title":"Significance of Pelvic Floor Hiatus in Female Pelvic Organ Prolapse.","authors":"Jenn-Ming Yang, Wen-Chen Huang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00012","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pelvic floor hiatus (PFH) is the pelvic floor passage through which the pelvic organs pass. Proper PFH closure is essential to maintaining normal pelvic organ support. PFH can be explored with urogenital hiatus or levator hiatus, according to different anatomical definitions. Factors affecting PFH include age, ethnicity, body mass index, levator ani muscle integrity, resting tone, and contraction force of pelvic floor muscle. The ineffectiveness of PFH to stay adequately closed is not only associated with pelvic floor disorders including pelvic organ prolapse (POP) but also accountable for recurrent POP after pelvic floor repairs. Advancing our comprehension of the mechanism of an enlarged PFH and how PFH enlargement affects pelvic floor support would promote better prevention strategies and improved treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"102-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Palanca Arias, Marcos Clavero Adell, Victoria Estabén Boldova, José Enrique Alonso Formento, Ariada Ayerza Casas, Almudena Alonso Ojembarrena
{"title":"The Pediatric Tri-POCUS Approach: Conceptual Review and Case Series.","authors":"Daniel Palanca Arias, Marcos Clavero Adell, Victoria Estabén Boldova, José Enrique Alonso Formento, Ariada Ayerza Casas, Almudena Alonso Ojembarrena","doi":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-24-00002","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-24-00002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective fluid management presents a significant challenge for pediatric intensivists. Enhanced ultrasound data that predict adverse outcomes, such as edema and venous congestion, can provide important information about optimal fluid management. The integration of bedside multiorgan ultrasound protocols (Multi-POCUS) mitigates the limitations of individual scoring systems, enabling more accurate fluid monitoring and management. The Tri-POCUS approach, described initially in adult patients, combines lung ultrasound, focused cardiac ultrasound, and venous excess ultrasound, and its application in the pediatric population is proposed. This study examines the Tri-POCUS approach from a pediatric perspective: we applied it to a cohort of critically ill pediatric patients with venous congestion admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit. Four cases are presented to demonstrate the bedside utility of the Tri-POCUS approach in critically ill children with the goal of monitoring venous congestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"154-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Visualization to Automation: A Narrative Review of Deep Learning's Impact on Ultrasound-based Median Nerve Assessment.","authors":"Chueh-Hung Wu, Che-Min Tsai, Po-Ling Kuo","doi":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00010","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound imaging has emerged as a valuable tool in the diagnosis and management of peripheral nerve disorders. The integration of deep learning with ultrasound technology has shown remarkable potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. This review focuses on the application of deep learning-based approaches in ultrasound diagnostics for peripheral nerve diseases, with particular emphasis on median nerve segmentation in carpal tunnel syndrome. Structured to provide a clear and thorough understanding of the current landscape and future directions, the paper is organized into several key sections: (1) an overview of the current state of the field, (2) research objectives and notable achievements, (3) challenges in dataset utilization specific to medical imaging, (4) trends in the development of deep learning models tailored for ultrasound analysis, and (5) potential future directions for research and clinical application. This review seeks to bridge the gap between technological advancements and clinical practice, potentially paving the way for more accurate and efficient diagnosis and treatment in the field of peripheral nerve disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"95-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Treatment Outcomes of Extracorporeal Magnetic Innervation for Female Stress Urinary Incontinence.","authors":"Jenn-Ming Yang, Wen-Chen Huang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00022","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to review the literature on clinical studies of extracorporeal magnetic innervation (ExMI) for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Studies were compiled from PubMed from 1998 to 2025. Clinical studies published in English were included. Nine studies evaluating the effect of ExMI on urinary incontinence were retrieved. Most of the studies are small-sized, single-arm, short-term, and moderate to limited in quality. The efficacy of ExMI to treat SUI is not conclusive throughout studies. Adverse events of ExMI are rarely reported. Well-founded evidence to recommend ExMI as standard treatment for female SUI is still not well established.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"112-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CME Test.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_2_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_2_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intravaginal Testicular Torsion with Ureterocele: A Rare Case Report.","authors":"Adnan Ilyas, Suresh Vasant Phatak, Avinash Parshuram Dhok, Swaragandha Shivaji Jadhav","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_19_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_19_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Testicular torsion is an emergency clinical situation. It is rarely seen associated with ureterocele. We presented a case report where a 15-year-old adolescent boy presented with severe testicular and vague abdominal pain was found on imaging to have testicular torsion and ureterocele. Ultrasonography Doppler and computed tomography imaging are being described.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"168-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Update on Diagnosis and Treatment for Levator Avulsion.","authors":"Jenn-Ming Yang, Wen-Chen Huang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00013","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.JMU-D-25-00013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Levator avulsion (LA) is common during vaginal birth and is the principal etiological factor for the development of pelvic floor dysfunction. Most described nonsurgical treatments for LA in the literature are pelvic floor muscle exercises and pessary. Long-term benefits of conservative treatments in women with major LA are not clear. Research investigating surgeries for LA are scarce and engaging in heterogeneous procedures, such as reattachment of the levator ani muscle to the inferior pubic bone, reattachment of the levator ani muscle to the arcus tendineus of levator ani, and standard pelvic floor repairs for pelvic organ prolapse, with or without mesh. Currently, there is no consensus on the most appropriate treatment for women with LA. This article intends to discover the effective treatment for LA from the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"108-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Nor Taufik Abd Latiff, Muhammad Amirrul Nizam Razi, Firdaus Hayati
{"title":"Acute Scrotal Pain - Role of Sonographic Evaluation in Solving Diagnostic Dilemma.","authors":"Muhammad Nor Taufik Abd Latiff, Muhammad Amirrul Nizam Razi, Firdaus Hayati","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_65_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_65_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandeep Diwan, S Shivaprakash, Rasika Timane, Pallavi Pai, Anju Gupta
{"title":"A Single Needle Tip Position Approach 'The Middle Trunk' Block-for Supraclavicular Block: An Anatomic Cadaveric Study.","authors":"Sandeep Diwan, S Shivaprakash, Rasika Timane, Pallavi Pai, Anju Gupta","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_1_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_1_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Using conventional anatomical landmark or nerve stimulator guidance, injection of local anesthetic following paresthesia of the middle two fingers resulted in >97% block efficacy. \"Corner pocket\" and \"intracluster\" injections during ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus have been suggested for better dermatomal coverage but have limitations. We hypothesized that a single injection of dye at the level of the middle trunk (MT) would result in diffusion in the superior and inferior trunks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After ethics approval, ultrasound-guided injections were performed with a needle tip positioned within fatty connective tissue at the level of the MT bilaterally in 6 soft-embalmed cadavers. We injected 3.5, 7.5, and 15 ml diluted methylene blue dye in 2 cadavers each. Bilateral neck dissections were performed in the posterior triangle of the neck 30 min after injection in all cadavers to visualize the dye spread.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Injection of the lower volume of dye (3.5 ml) spared the superior trunk, suprascapular and phrenic nerve (except 1 specimen), while an injection of the higher volume of dye (15 ml) consistently stained all trunks after a single injection at MT level. Similarly, the suprascapular and phrenic nerves were congruously stained with 15 ml injections, while with 7.5 ml 50% times, the PN was soaked. Dye dispersion in cadaveric brachial plexuses was deep with 15 ml and mild-to-moderate stain pattern with others.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We postulate that the use of a single injection MT block technique with an injectate volume of 7.5 ml or more can be an effective technique for a supraclavicular brachial plexus block. However, the findings of this cadaveric study need substantiation from clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 2","pages":"125-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12161693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 28-year-old Male with Complaints of Redness in Right Eye with Proptosis.","authors":"Bhumireddy Vijaya Madhuri, Akash Rauniyar, Bineeta Parihar, Sonal Saran","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_50_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_50_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"33 1","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}