Journal of Medical Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasound imaging in a woman with lateral heel pain","authors":"Hong-Yi Lin, Wei-Chun Lee, Pei-I Chen","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_213_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_213_21","url":null,"abstract":"SECTION 1 – QUIZ Case A 47-year-old woman dancer presented with right lateral heel edema and pain with a numbness sensation. The range of motion of her right ankle was normal. She had not previously undergone any surgery on the affected ankle. The physical examination revealed a right lateral heel mass at the posterior talus–calcaneus junction. The mass was characterized by a mild numbness sensation upon palpitation, which radiated to the lateral heel and foot. She underwent an ultrasound examination [Figure 1]. Figure 1a was obtained by placing the transducer between the peroneus muscle and Achilles, where the small saphenous vein and sural nerve are present. The subsequent ultrasound image revealed the long and short axis of a portion of the sural nerve [Figure 1b and 1c]. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed for further evaluation and localization [Figure 2].Figure 1: (a) Was obtained by placing the transducer between the peroneus muscle and Achilles tendon where small saphenous vein and sural nerve just there. (b and c) are ultrasound images of the long axis and short axis of part of the sural nerve. SSV: Small saphenous vein, PL: Peroneus longus muscle, PB: Peroneus brevis muscleFigure 2: (a) A: Achilles tendon, B: Lateral malleolus of the fibula bone, C: Sural nerve and small saphenous nerve, D: Tibial bone. (b) Magnetic resonance imaging long axis T1 FSE signal revealed an enlarged part of sural nerve compared to Figure 2Declaration of patient consent The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient has given her consent for her images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patient understands that her name and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal her identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed. WHAT IS YOUR IMPRESSION? Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135753729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 42-year-old man with posterior thigh pain: Injury of the long head of the biceps femoris muscle","authors":"Ke-Vin Chang, Wei-Ting Wu","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_194_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_194_21","url":null,"abstract":"SECTION 2 – ANSWER Case A 42-year-old male suffered from the right posterior thigh pain after playing baseball 1 week ago. His pain could not be relieved by nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug and got worse when jogging. He came to our clinic where ecchymosis and local tenderness were noticed at his right proximal thigh. An ultrasound examination was, therefore, applied using a curvilinear transducer. The short-axis and long-axis views of the ultrasound images over the painful site are presented in Figure 1a and b, respectively. The short-axis ultrasound image over the contralateral asymptomatic site is provided in Figure 2. What is your diagnosis?Figure 1: Ultrasound images over the proximal posterior thigh at the painful site at the short- (a) and long-axis (b) views. ST: Semitendinosus, GMax: Gluteus maximus, ADM: Adductor magnus; white asterisk, the lesionINTERPRETATION At the short-axis ultrasound image over the painful site [Figure 1a], the structure marked by the white asterisk is the long head of the biceps femoris muscle, which is attached to the conjoint tendon. There is hypervascularity surrounding the conjoint tendon with petechial hemorrhage inside the long head of the biceps femoris muscle. At its long-axis view [Figure 1b], edema is identified over the myotendinous junction with less distinct muscle fascicles. No hematoma or disrupted muscle bundles are visualized. In contrast, in the contralateral site, a clearer border can be identified between the long head of the biceps femoris muscle and conjoint tendon. The normal starry-night pattern of the biceps femoris muscle is preserved in the short-axis image [Figure 2].Figure 2: Ultrasound images over the proximal posterior thigh at the contra-lateral asymptomatic site at the short-axis view. ST: Semitendinosus, GMax: Gluteus maximus, ADM: Adductor magnus; black asterisk, long head of the biceps femorisDISCUSSION Ultrasound imaging is helpful in scrutinizing limb muscle injury.[1] Based on the classification proposed by Peetrons,[2] the muscle injury can be categorized into three grades. Grade 1 indicates that <5% of muscles are damaged. On ultrasound imaging, there is edema near the intramuscular aponeurosis. The muscle bundles remain grossly intact although the borders between each other are less distinct. Grade 2 refers to an intramuscular lesion with more than 5% of muscle involvement. On ultrasound imaging, the physicians can expect an anechoic gap inside the injured muscle. Parts of the muscle bundles are disrupted with effusion filling the cleavage. Grade 3 denotes a complete muscle rupture. On ultrasound imaging, a hematoma is seen with a complete tear extending from the superficial to the deep fascia. Retraction of the muscle bundle is evident. The sonoanatomy of the posterior thigh can be explicitly demonstrated by ultrasound imaging.[3] Distal to the subgluteal fold, a structure complex mimicking a Mercedes-Benz sign is shown over the posterior thigh on the short-axis view of","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135753737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonographic assessment of the salivary glands among sudanese snuff-dippers","authors":"Ahmed Abukonna, Nura Hassan, Sultan Almaasfeh, Mustafa Musa, Salem Alghamdi","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_97_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_97_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, as well as the smaller subsidiary glands, are all the examples of the salivary glands. The likelihood of the salivary glands being impacted by snuff components increases due to this close proximity of the salivary glands to the mouth when snuff is used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary glands of the Sudanese snuff-dippers. Methods: Sixty-five adult snuff-dippers (research group) and 36 adult nonusers (control group) were enrolled in the study. Sonography of the submandibular and parotid glands was performed; size, blood flow, echogenicity, echotexture, and any other pathological changes were evaluated. The study was conducted in the ultrasound unit at our institution from June 2021 to June 2022. Results: The result of the study showed that the average size of the left submandibular gland and left and right parotid glands of snuff-dippers was significantly greater than the average size of nonusers. Blood supply and tissue characteristics were normal. Conclusion: The study concluded that the snuff use could affect the parotid and submandibular glands; ultrasonography is a modality of choice in the examination of the salivary glands of snuff users and other tobacco users.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135753752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is Amiss? Neurosonogram in a 36-week-old Late Preterm Neonate.","authors":"Aakanksha Agarwal, Anjum Syed, Poonam Sherwani, Ravi Shankar","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_111_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_111_21","url":null,"abstract":"The mother had only one antenatal visit with no documented antenatal sonograms available. Her folic acid and iron supplementation was adequate throughout pregnancy, had no history of antepartum diabetes or eclampsia, or any other peripartum complications. The baby was delivered in a nursing home and referred to our center for neonatal care. A neurosonogram was requested on day 8 of admission to look for evidence of hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy. Clinically, the baby was active, tolerating feeds well with adequate urine output. Neurological examination was unremarkable with no history of seizures. Family history was significant for partial callosal agenesis in the mother which was documented on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan done in her childhood, who otherwise had no neurological deficits.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 1","pages":"76-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0b/65/JMU-31-76.PMC10173837.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation of the Relationship between Changes in Masseter Muscle Thickness and Tooth Clenching Habits of Bruxism Patients Treated with Botulinum Toxin A.","authors":"Deniz Erdil,&nbsp;Nilsun Bagis,&nbsp;Hakan Eren,&nbsp;Melike Camgoz,&nbsp;Kaan Orhan","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_51_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_51_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bruxism is defined as recurrent masticatory muscle activity. Although there is not an agreed treatment method for bruxism, the application of botulinum toxin A (BT-A) has become a reliable lately. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the changes in masseter muscle thickness and clenching habits in bruxism patients treated with BT-A.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five patients, 23 females and 2 males, diagnosed with possible sleep bruxism were included in the study. The Fonseca Anamnestic Index was applied to the patients to determine their clenching habits and depression levels both before the treatment, and 6 months after it. The masseter muscle thickness was measured using ultrasonography before the treatment and 3 months and 6 months after the treatment. All the patients were injected with a total of 50 U of BT-A, 25 U to each masseter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant decrease in masseter muscle thickness was observed in the ultrasonography 3 and 6 months after the BT-A treatment. There was a statistically significant decrease in the Fonseca scores, in which the teeth clenching habits of the patients were evaluated 6 months after the treatment. Although there was a decrease in the depression levels of the patients 6 months after the treatment, this difference was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When the results of this study were evaluated, it was seen that the BT-A injections are an effective, safe, and side effect-free method in the treatment of bruxism and masseter hypertrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 1","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/9a/JMU-31-22.PMC10173841.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9467664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effectiveness of Ultrasound Imaging and Perioperative Measurement in the Diagnosis and Characterization of Incisional Hernia.","authors":"Ayşegul Karadayi Buyukozsoy,&nbsp;Emrah Karatay,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Gok","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_189_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_189_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Incisional hernia (IH) is a common complication after abdominal surgery, and there is no gold standard imaging modality for its diagnosis. Although computed tomography is frequently used in clinical practice, it has limitations such as radiation exposure and relatively high cost. The aim of this study is to establish standardization and hernia typing by comparing preoperative ultrasound (US) measurements and perioperative measurements in IH cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The patients who were operated for IH in our institution between January 2020 and March 2021 were reviewed, retrospectively. In result, 120 patients were included in the study, and the cases had preoperative US images and perioperative hernia measurements. IH was divided into three subtypes as omentum (Type I), intestinal (Type II), and mixed (Type III) according to the defect content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Type I IH was detected in 91 cases, Type II IH in 14 cases, and Type III IH in 15 cases. When the diameters of IH types were compared for preoperative US and perioperative measurements, respectively, there was no statistical significance (<i>P</i> = 0.185 and <i>P</i> = 0.262). According to Spearman correlation, there was a positive very strong correlation between preoperative US measurements and perioperative measurements (ρ = 0.861 and <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As stated by our results, US imaging can be performed easily and quickly, providing a reliable way to accurately detect and characterize an IH. It can also facilitate the planning of surgical intervention in IH by providing anatomical information.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/38/01/JMU-31-35.PMC10173835.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9523149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-care Ultrasound Diagnosis of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Syndrome.","authors":"Ángela Gutiérrez-Rojas,&nbsp;Yale Tung-Chen,&nbsp;Esther Hernández-Montero,&nbsp;Ane Andrés Eisenhofer,&nbsp;Itziar Diego","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_198_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_198_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric Outlet Obstruction (GOO) is a clinical syndrome characterized by postprandial vomiting, epigastric pain, and abdominal distension due to mechanical or motility disorders. The suspicion will mainly rely on abdominal radiological imaging (computed tomography, barium studies) that might not be widely available or even be contraindicated. We report a 65-year-old male who developed progressive epigastralgia, anorexia, and vomiting. Physical examination revealed mild abdominal distension and epigastric tenderness on deep palpation. With the presumptive diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction, an abdominal point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) was performed and showed impaired gastric emptying and a \"target sign.\" A gastroscopic exploration confirmed inflammatory pyloric stenosis due to coexisting antral and duodenal ulcers. POCUS could play an essential role in the easy ultrasonographic diagnosis of gastroparesis, helping to differentiate from other causes of obstruction and even raise suspicion in the diagnosis of pyloric stenosis as a consequence of a GGO. POCUS may serve as a first-line imaging test that can raise suspicion of this difficult to diagnose and probably underreported disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"31 1","pages":"48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/1a/JMU-31-48.PMC10173836.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9523150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on triplex sonographic evaluation of portal vein indices among adults in Port Harcourt, Nigeria","authors":"MahmoodD Al-Mendalawi","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_117_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_117_22","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, In July–September 2022 issue of the esteemed Journal of Medical Ultrasound, Aderibigbe et al.[1] nicely established the sonographic reference values (RVs) of portal vein (PV) diameter, cross-sectional area, and mean flow velocity for healthy Nigerian adults. Aderibigbe et al.[1] addressed the study limitation of intraobserver and interobserver variability as the ultrasonography is mainly operator dependent. We additionally present the following methodological limitation. Apart from the determinants of age and gender, studies have shown that ethnicity is a crucial element in determining the dimensions of different body structures,[2–5] and ethnicity-specific RVs should be considered in a given multiethnic population to better assess clinical status, guide a proper therapeutic action, and improve health care in patients with diseases involving the PV. Though Nigeria is a multiethnic country, Aderibigbe et al.[1] did not take into account in the study methodology the ethnic origins of the studied cohort. This limitation could further preclude the bedside applicability of the sonographic RVs of PV parameters generated by Aderibigbe et al.[1] Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135753757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Megacystis in the first trimester as an unreported sonographic finding of alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins confirmed by whole-exome sequencing","authors":"Dong-Zhi Li, Yan-Dong Yang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_30_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_30_22","url":null,"abstract":"A pregnant woman was revealed to have fetal univentricular heart and megacystis by a routine first-trimester ultrasound. Chorionic villus sampling with the use of karyotyping and microarray found no causative etiologies. A further investigation with whole-exome sequencing (WES) demonstrated a FOXF1 variant. Autopsy confirmed the prenatal findings, and a histological study of the lungs showed the characteristic features of alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV). This study indicates that although ultrasound itself has no ability of the identification of pulmonary histological malformations associated with ACDMPV, the early markers of univentricular heart and megacystis might alert clinicians to consider this genetic disorder which is facilitated considerably by the increasingly used WES in prenatal diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135754027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound assessment of the fetal optic chiasm","authors":"Tung-Yao Chang, Jo-Ting Wang","doi":"10.4103/jmu.jmu_69_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_69_23","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the literature on different methods of prenatal ultrasound visualization of the optic chiasm (OC) and its applications. Prenatal imaging of the OC is feasible from 19 to 37 weeks of gestation. Evaluation of the OC has been shown crucial in differentiating isolated agenesis of the septum pellucidum from septo-optic dysplasia. Multiple methods can be applied for imaging of the OC, including three-dimensional and two-dimensional ultrasounds in different views, as well as color Doppler. According to the literature, both transabdominal and transvaginal routes produce equally acceptable images. OC visualization might be challenging but can be achieved by developing a standard scanning protocol and raising awareness.","PeriodicalId":45466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Ultrasound","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135754050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}