International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Cantilever-aided bodily protraction of a mandibular molar with clear aligner: A finite element analysis","authors":"Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Qingsong Jiang ,&nbsp;Qi Fan ,&nbsp;Haoxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jialun Li ,&nbsp;Wenli Lai ,&nbsp;Hu Long","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyse the biomechanics of molar protraction through clear aligner therapy (CAT) with and without a buccal cantilever.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Models were composed of mandible, lower dentition, periodontal ligaments, attachments, a buccal cantilever, and clear aligner. Four groups were designed: (1) control (aligner only), (2) aligner<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->buccal cantilever with buccal class II traction, (3) aligner<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->buccal cantilever with buccal class II and lingual class II tractions, (4) aligner<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->buccal cantilever with buccal horizontal traction named buccal class I, buccal class II, and lingual class II tractions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CAT alone caused mesial tipping, lingual tipping, and intrusion of mandibular second molar. Adding the buccal cantilever on the mandibular second molar with 100-g buccal class II traction was effective in preventing the mesial tipping of mandibular second molar, but resulted in a greater lingual tipping tendency. Further addition of lingual class II traction prevented aforementioned lingual tipping and bodily protraction was achieved in sagittal dimension, while buccal tipping was present. Bodily protraction without buccolingual tipping was achieved through clear aligner, buccal class II, lingual class II, and buccal class I tractions, and the stress concentrated on the alveolar bone was reduced.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CAT produced mesial tipping, lingual tipping, and intrusion of mandibular molar during protraction. The incorporation of the buccal cantilever into the clear aligner improves the biomechanical effect of molar protraction. Bodily molar protraction can be achieved with a judicious combination of buccal class II, lingual class II and buccal class I tractions with clear aligner and buccal cantilever.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100924"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effect of two polishing systems on surface roughness of feldspathic, lithium disilicate, and translucent zirconia ceramics after orthodontic bracket debonding: An in vitro study","authors":"Mohammad Amin Fahimi ,&nbsp;Saeed Azarbayejani ,&nbsp;Mahshid Mohammadi-Bassir","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Debonding of orthodontic brackets on ceramic restorations leave a rough surface which should be efficiently polished. In this study the effect of two diamond polishing systems (DPS), namely Optra Fine® (OF) and Diapol Twist® (DT) on surface roughness (SR) of feldspathic (F), lithium disilicate (LD), and translucent zirconia (TZ) ceramics assessed after bracket debonding.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Ninety disc-shaped specimens fabricated from F, LD, and TZ ceramics and glazed (Gl). Ten glazed specimens of 3 ceramic types served as control (C) groups (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30). Other 60 specimens were deglazed, and after specific surface preparation according to ceramic type, upper central incisor brackets were bonded. After debonding, the remaining adhesive composite removed with tungsten carbide bur and specimens randomly assigned into 6 groups. The nine experimental groups defined as: Glazed F specimens (C), Deglazed F specimens polished with DT, Deglazed F specimens polished with OF, Glazed LD specimens (C), Deglazed LD specimens polished with DT, Deglazed LD specimens polished with OF, Glazed TZ specimens (C), Deglazed TZ specimens polished with DT, Deglazed TZ specimens polished with OF. The SR assessed quantitatively by profilometry (Ra and Rz parameter) and qualitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Quantitative data were statistically analysed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant difference found in SR of three glazed ceramic types (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.293 for Ra and <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.473 for Rz). There was no significant difference of Ra between polished and glazed groups (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05). However, difference in Rz was significant (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05), and only TZ specimens could reach to the level of smoothness caused by glazing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both diamond polishing systems can efficiently reduce the surface roughness, despite of ceramic type. Optra Fine® system showed a superior performance than Diapol Twist® without significant difference.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>In this study only one brand of each ceramic type was investigated.</div><div>This study was approved by Ethical Review Committee (IR.IAU.KHUISF.REC.1401.156).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring bracket torque expression: A comparative in vitro study of new self-ligating bracket designs and archwire geometries","authors":"Vincent Thomas ,&nbsp;Gaëlle Dol ,&nbsp;Ziad Tannouri ,&nbsp;Olivier François ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Nicolas ,&nbsp;Delphine Soulier-Peigue ,&nbsp;Marwan El Helou","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the torque expression efficiency when it is integrated into the bracket slot versus the bracket base. Additionally, the impact of archwire geometry (rectangular vs. rhomboid) on torque expression has been examined.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>The torque expression was evaluated in a full arch printed maxillary model, focusing on tooth #11, which was positioned within an alveolus filled with Typodont wax. Three different types of brackets were utilized: conventional metallic bracket (Minidiamond™), self-ligating bracket with torque in base (Damon Q2™), and a new self-ligating bracket design with torque in slot (Damon Ultima™). Two variations of archwires were used: rectangular and rhomboid stainless steel, measuring 0.019<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.025 inches and 0.019<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->0.0275 inches, respectively, from ORMCO™. The study included seven groups: six experimental groups and a control group, with 15 measurements in each group, totaling 105 torque measurements. Optical impressions were taken of the tooth's original position and its final position after torque expression. STL files were superimposed using GEOMAGIC software to calculate the percentage of torque expression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The self-ligating bracket with torque in slot (Damon Ultima™) shows significantly higher torque expression than the self-ligating bracket with torque in base (Damon Q2™) with a rectangular stainless steel archwire (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.00015). The Ultima™ bracket also demonstrates higher torque expression than both the Q2™ and conventional 22° brackets with a rhomboid stainless steel archwire (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.003). No significant difference in torque expression was found between the rectangular and rhomboid stainless steel archwires for any bracket group (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The self-ligating bracket with torque in slot shows comparable torque expression effectiveness to the conventional bracket, outperforming the self-ligating bracket with torque in base. Archwire geometry does not significantly impact torque expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1761722724000780/pdfft?md5=e8bcee05c2cd1c9ec41d6248cbbcf6d8&pid=1-s2.0-S1761722724000780-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of low-intensity electrical current in accelerating the en-masse retraction of the upper anterior teeth following first-premolar extraction in young adult patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion: A randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Rashad I. Shaadouh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Y. Hajeer ,&nbsp;Mohammed Adel Awawdeh ,&nbsp;Samer T. Jaber ,&nbsp;Ghiath A. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Imad-Addin Almasri","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100921","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Many efforts have been made to shorten fixed appliance orthodontic treatment time by accelerating the rate of tooth movement. Low-intensity electrical stimulation (LIES) is one of the proposed physical methods that has not yet been well studied in the medical literature. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LIES in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement in cases of en-mass retraction of the upper anterior teeth.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Patients who attended the Department of Orthodontics at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, between September 2019 and February 2021, for treatment were carefully checked. All patients who met the eligibility criteria were invited to participate in this RCT. Young adult patients having class II division I malocclusion were equally and randomly assigned into the low-intensity electrical stimulation group (LIES), and traditional en-masse retraction group (TRAD). The mini-implants assisted en-masse retraction technique was used to close the extracted upper first premolar spaces in both groups. NiTi closed coil springs (250&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;g/side) were used. Electrical stimulation of 15-20&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μA for each tooth was applied on the upper anterior teeth using a recently developed intraorally removable device in the LIES group. The primary outcome was the en-masse retraction rate, the secondary outcomes were changes in the first molar position, intermolar width, and intercanine width. These outcomes were measured on the digital photographs of the maxilla cast using the Image J program. Two-sample t-test with Bonferroni's correction was utilized to explore any significant differences between the two groups in all studied variables.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Of the 168 patients examined by the researcher, 38 patients with Class II division I malocclusion (30 females and 8 males; mean age: 21.1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;2.31 years) were finally recruited in this RCT. The overall en-masse retraction rate was significantly greater in the LIES group compared to the TRAD group (1.02&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.08, 0.73&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.04&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm/month respectively; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001). In addition, the monthly rate of space closure was significantly greater in this group at all evaluation times (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001). A small increase was noted in the intercanine width (1.60&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.27, and 1.65&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.33&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm respectively). Negligible changes were noted in the first molar positions and intermolar width, with insignificant differences between the two groups.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;LIES according to the protocol applied in this trial accelerated the upper anterior teeth en-masse retraction rate by approximately 28% compared to the traditional en-masse retraction method. While this acceleration was statistically significant, may not have substantial clin","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100921"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of dental movements in digital setups created by orthodontists and “3shape design service®” engineers: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Aymar de Leotard,&nbsp;Elvire Le Norcy","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The demand for faster and invisible orthodontic treatments has led to the increased use of clear aligners, facilitated by advancements in digital treatment planning. This study aims to evaluate the reliability of digital orthodontic setups performed by orthodontists compared to those by 3Shape Design Service®engineers.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A monocentric, cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Bretonneau Hospital from October 2022 to May 2023. All patients meeting the inclusion criteria and willing to participate were included in the study. Intraoral scans were used to create treatment setups using the Ortho System® software, performed by both orthodontists and 3Shape® engineers. The primary objective was to compare the dental movements (rotation, intrusion, extrusion, buccolingual inclination, tipping, mesiodistal translation and buccolingual translation) between the two groups. Secondary objectives included the number of teeth displaced, aligners needed, interproximal enamel reduction and number of attachments placed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nineteen patients with mild to moderate malocclusion were included. Statistically significant differences were found in tooth displacements between the two groups with engineers executing greater dental movements for derotation (4.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.6 vs. 3.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.3), tipping (0.79<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.69 vs. 0.26<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.44), bucco-lingual (0.40<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.26 vs. 0.08<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.11) and mesio-distal translations (0.31<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.20 vs. 0.20<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.17). Secondary measures showed no significant differences except for the number of teeth displaced (15.32<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.21 vs. 9.68<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->4.82), which was higher in the 3Shape group.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>While digital setups by engineers showed more significant tooth movements, the practical impact on mild malocclusion treatment was minimal. This study highlights the need for precise treatment objectives and consideration of overcorrection practices.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>For mild malocclusions, outsourcing setups to 3Shape engineers can be an alternative to in-office setups by orthodontists. However, further studies are needed to evaluate setup reliability for more complex malocclusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1761722724000755/pdfft?md5=ae1a803e1ff0c3d31fc83187b53ab02b&pid=1-s2.0-S1761722724000755-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical-orthodontic approach of two palatally impacted canines with maxillary lateral incisor anomalies in a growing class II patient: A case report","authors":"Maria Francesca Sfondrini ,&nbsp;Federica Gariboldi ,&nbsp;Roberto Alcozer ,&nbsp;Domenico Sfondrini ,&nbsp;Andrea Scribante","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>After the mandibular third molars, the maxillary canines are the most displaced or impacted teeth in permanent dentition. Surgical-orthodontic disimpaction of impacted canines, followed by aesthetic reconstructions, can be a successful treatment choice.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The aim of this case report was to describe the smile restoration through simultaneous surgical disimpaction of the two upper permanent canines in a 13-year-old patient who also presented with agenesis of the right upper lateral incisor and a conoid-shaped left upper lateral incisor.</div></div><div><h3>Treatment protocol</h3><div>The present case report followed the Care Checklist For Case Reports. After having completed the multibrackets fixed orthodontic therapy phase necessary for the preparation of the anchorage, avulsions of the upper deciduous canines were carried out, followed by the making of surgical full thickness palatal flap in order to perform traction of the permanent canines, and an orthodontic eyelet with passive metal looped ligatures was applied. One week after the surgery, traction was started with Crescini-double arch technique. Subsequently, the avulsion of elements 2.2 and 5.2 were executed. At the end of orthodontic treatment, in order to optimise the aesthetics and function of the canines, a restorative treatment was carried out.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><div>After the surgical creation of a palatal flap, the disimpaction of the two upper canines, using the double arch technique, allowed the teeth to be moved into the desired position on the upper arch.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1761722724000767/pdfft?md5=1c87419a23740209486815d5a4d4adfb&pid=1-s2.0-S1761722724000767-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does staining orthodontic adhesive provide an advantage in adhesive resin removal and enamel roughness? An in vitro study","authors":"Nehal F. Albelasy ,&nbsp;Ahmad M. Hafez ,&nbsp;Dina S. Farahat ,&nbsp;Marwa S. Shamaa","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The removal of adhesive remnants after bracket debonding has been shown to cause damaging effects on the enamel surface. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of stained adhesive remnant removal (ARR) on enamel roughness compared to translucent composite.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Thirty extracted premolar teeth were divided equally into three groups; conventional composite control group (CC), stained composite group (SC) and stained bonding solution group (SB). The buccal surface of each tooth was cleaned, dried and the surface roughness (Ra) was evaluated using a contact prophylometer (T0). After bracket debonding, a high-speed carbide bur under a water-cooling system was used for ARR in one direction and the time consumed for ARR was recorded. After ARR, the second mean Ra values were recorded (T1). The samples were then polished using polishing paste with low-speed rubber cup and the third mean Ra values were recorded (T2).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Repeated one-way ANOVA revealed a significant difference in the mean Ra values at T0, T1 and T2 within each group <em>P</em> <!-->˂<!--> <!-->0.05. A statistically significant difference in the changes of the mean Ra values after ARR (T1–T0) and after polishing (T1–T2) was found between the CC group and both SC and SB groups. A significant difference in the time consumed for ARR was found between the three groups with CC group being the most time-consuming group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Stained composite material followed by the stained bonding solution provided better visibility during ARR with lower mean Ra values and less time for ARR compared totranslucent composite material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clear aligner treatment of an adult open bite with bilateral missing mandibular first molars through molar protraction with Albert cantilever arms","authors":"Haoxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Huimin Hu ,&nbsp;Donger Lin ,&nbsp;Maierdanjiang Rouzi ,&nbsp;Di Shan ,&nbsp;Wenli Lai ,&nbsp;Hu Long","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Premature loss of first permanent molars is a common occurrence in clinical practice, leading to abnormal occlusion and inefficient mastication for patients. This case report presented the orthodontic retreatment of a 32-year-old female patient who suffered from premature loss of mandibular bilateral first molars. The mesial tipping of the mandibular second molars led to an occlusal interference, resulting in a clockwise rotation of the lower jaw and an anterior open bite (AOB). We achieved long-distance molar mesialization using clear aligners with Albert cantilever arms. After 42 months of treatment, the patient's occlusion and facial profile significantly improved. The cantilever combined with the cleat aligner treatment has been clinically effective for the protraction of mandibular posterior teeth, extending the field of application of clear aligners.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on blood levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-17 in obstructive sleep apnoea adults: A systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis","authors":"Iman Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Adibparsa ,&nbsp;Raya Kh. Yashooa ,&nbsp;Mohammad Soroush Sehat ,&nbsp;Masoud Sadeghi","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a long-term disorder characterized by frequent blockages in the upper respiratory tract during sleep, often leading to abrupt awakenings, with or without a decrease in oxygen levels. The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy (CPAP) on blood interleukin (IL) levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-17 in OSA adults.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The published databases from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched from 2003 to 2024, without any restrictions. The Review Manager software 5.3 was employed to compute effect sizes, which were presented as the standardized mean difference (SMD) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 320 records were identified through database searching; ultimately, 42 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and then the meta-analysis. The CPAP therapy significantly reduces IL-6 levels, as indicated SMD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.64 [95% CI: 0.35, 0.93] and <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.0001. CPAP therapy significantly reduced IL-18 and IL-1β levels in adults with OSA, but there is no significant difference in IL-10, IL-4, or IL-17 levels. Age, blood sample, body mass index, ethnicity, and treatment duration for IL-6 and apnoea-hypopnea index with IL-10 levels were effective factors in the pooled results. Experimentally, there was an interaction between IL-18 and IL-1β.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CPAP therapy has a positive impact on inflammatory markers in OSA adults; remarkably, it reduces IL-6 and IL-1β levels. Nevertheless, more evidence (such as the role of ethnicity) and understanding of interactions are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142099636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different post materials and designs on upper central tooth torque and intrusion load: A finite element analysis study","authors":"Farhad Salmanpour,&nbsp;Hasan Camcı","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purposes</h3><p>The aim of this study was to examine the effects of post material type and the presence of ferrules on the torque and intrusion load of the upper central tooth using finite element analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The upper central tooth and surrounding tissues (cortical bone, cancellous bone, and periodontal ligament) were modelled in three dimensions using the Spaceclaim software. Five simulated models (SM) different modifications were made to this main model: metal cast post (SM1) and glass fiber post-core with zirconium crown and without a ferrule (SM2), metal cast (SM3) post and glass fiber post with a ferrule and zirconium crown (SM4) and only zirconium crown (SM5). In all five simulations, in order to simulate lingual root torque movement, a total load of 40 grams was applied to the bracket slot as 20 grams of force couples and in order to simulate intrusion movement, a load of 40 grams was applied to the superior wall of the bracket slot. The stress caused by the applied loads on the root surfaces was determined using finite element analysis. Maximum principal stress (MPS) value was used in the comparison.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The highest root surface MPS values for both intrusion and torque loads belonged to SM2 (3.864 and 0.379<!--> <!-->MPa, respectively). The presence of ferrules in both intrusion and torque loads reduced the stress by approximately half (from 3.864 to 2.004<!--> <!-->MPa). In all five models, the radicular area with higher stress was located in the cervical third on the lingual surface when both torque and intrusion loads were applied.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The amount and localization of stress was affected by the type of post material. The variation in stress values between the materials remains within a safe range (0.099 and 3.87<!--> <!-->MPa), making both materials suitable for use under orthodontic forces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"22 4","pages":"Article 100903"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}