International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Effect of probiotic toothpaste and regular toothpaste on gingival health and plaque levels of adult orthodontic patients – An open label randomized controlled trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Probiotics are living micro-organisms that are likely to influence oral health by modulating the oral microbiota and offer a promising preventive approach to gum and dental disease. This approach is particularly relevant for orthodontic patients, who are more susceptible to gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation. The aim of this randomized controlled study was to compare the effects of a probiotic toothpaste versus a regular toothpaste on gingival health and plaque levels in orthodontic patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were recruited between 4 June 2024 and 15 July 2024, and were aged between 18 and 50<!--> <!-->years. They did not suffer from mental/physical disabilities, craniofacial disorders, enamel/tooth dysplasia and were not taking medication affecting plaque build-up. Participants were randomized in two groups using a computer programme and sealed envelopes: the group A (control) used an ordinary toothpaste (Colgate) twice a day for four weeks, the group B used a probiotic toothpaste containing <em>Lactobacillus paracasei</em> twice a day for four weeks. Standard oral hygiene instructions were given to all participants. The primary outcome was the mean change in gingival bleeding index (GBI) and plaque index (PI) over four weeks. This was an open-label trial. Only the evaluator was blinded and the evaluation criteria were objective.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Forty-four participants, 22 in each group, were finally included and analysed. After the intervention, the probiotic group had a significantly lower median gingival score [0.12 (IQR 0.09, 0.16)] than the control group [0.15 (IQR 0.10, 0.18)], with a p-value of 0.041 (95% CI: 0.009–0.18). However, there was no significant difference in plaque scores between the two groups [Probiotic: 20.0 (IQR 18.0, 21.0) vs. control: 21.0 (IQR 19.0, 22.0), <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.15]. No significant adverse events or side effects were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Under the conditions of this trial, the probiotic toothpaste only significantly improved the gingival bleeding index in orthodontic patients compared to regular toothpaste.</div></div><div><h3>Trial Registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrial.gov (<span><span>NCT06473792</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invisible treatment with preadjusted lingual appliance and monolateral space opening for an adult Class II malocclusion with upper lateral incisors agenesis: An ortho-prosthetic case report","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes the treatment of a Class II malocclusion with upper lateral incisors agenesis in an adult patient, performed by an invisible preadjusted lingual appliance, monolateral space opening and dental Class II correction. The patient had previously been treated by clear aligners with the insertion of an implant in upper right canine position in order to close the remaining space. With the twofold aim of obtaining ideal occlusal relationship and smile aesthetic improvement, it highlights how a fixed orthodontic technique is needed to achieve the planned results, when anterior torque, bodily translations and deep-bite correction are necessary. On the other hand, it underlines how the treatment plan should not be adapted to the limits of the employed appliance, but should aim for the best clinical result for the patient. A prosthetic finalisation was in the end performed in order to obtain the best aesthetic result.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional zone of the centers of resistance of the mandibular incisors and canines: A novel approach by finite element analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The distribution and size of the zone of the centres of resistance (ZCR) are critical for accurate orthodontic treatments and minimizing unexpected tooth movements. However, this information remains unclear for mandibular incisors and canines. This study aims to address these gaps in knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Finite element models of four incisors and canines from four individuals were created. Four centres of resistance (CRs) under four orthodontic directions (0° ∼ 45° ∼ 90° ∼ 135° to the sagittal plane in the horizontal plane) were assessed by a novel method. The height of the CRs was normalized to a percentage of the long axis, and the offsets were expressed as a distance value after normalization. The ZCR was obtained by fitting a 90% confidence sphere of the CR distribution. Validation was conducted to find the perturbations when the positions out of the zone were applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The maximum variation of CR in the heights under four directions was 5.17% and 3.70% for the incisors and canines, respectively. The maximum offset between the CR and long axis was 0.14<!--> <!-->mm in incisors and 0.99<!--> <!-->mm in canines. The height of the zone in the incisor and canine was 57.75% and 59.72%, and the radius of the zone was 0.60<!--> <!-->mm and 0.65<!--> <!-->mm, respectively. The force-acting point outside the zone produced a large rotation, which was unexpected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ZCR of mandibular incisors located slightly lower than that of canines, but they were almost the same size. The ZCR was recommended as the “gold reference” for orthodontics to reduce unexpected movement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of the airway morphology after miniscrew-supported en masse retraction in adult bimaxillary protrusion patients by using cone beam computed tomography: A single-arm clinical trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the changes in the pharyngeal airway morphology after premolar extraction and maximum anchorage retraction of the anterior segments in adult bimaxillary protrusion patients by using CBCT.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Twenty-one subjects (mean age 23.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->4.6 years) requiring extraction of four first premolars and en masse retraction of the anterior segments using maximum anchorage participated in the study from July 2022 to May 2024 with an average treatment duration of 19.9 months. CBCT scans were taken before treatment (pre) and after en masse retraction (post). Airway volume was measured by using Relu software. The pre- and post-CBCT scans were superimposed by using Romexis 1 software. The cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured at the level of the hard palate, soft palate, and epiglottis. The most constricted area (MCA) was recorded. The hyoid bone position was evaluated by using 5 linear measurements. The upper and lower incisor angulations to the Frankfort horizontal plane (FH) were measured before and after retraction. Paired <em>t</em>-test was used to analyse the measurements and correlation analyses were made using Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient (rs). The significance level was set at <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05 within all tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-one participants (16 females, 5 males) followed the inclusion criteria and enrolled in the analysis. There were no significant differences in airway volume, cross-sectional areas, or hyoid bone position between before treatment and after en masse retraction (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05). There was a significant retraction of the incisors after treatment (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). The change in the most constricted area had a large positive correlation with the change in the airway volume (rs<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.509*) and the area of the soft palate (rs<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.653*).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Maximum anchorage retraction had no significant effect on airway volume, cross-sectional area, or hyoid bone position.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful management and stability of maxillary class II dentoalveolar protrusion with extractions of upper second and lower third molars, using en-masse distalization and vertical control with bone miniscrews: Adult case report with 7-year follow-up","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report describes the successful long-term management of a 19-year-old female patient presenting with a skeletal Class II pattern, mild anterior open bite, and mandibular retrognathia. The orthodontic treatment approach involved the distal movement of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions through the extraction of the maxillary second molars and mandibular third molars, combined with the use of extra-alveolar infrazygomatic crest (IZC) and buccal shelf (BS) miniscrews for anchorage. The treatment outcome achieved a stable, well-aligned dentition with ideal intercuspation and an improved facial profile. The 7-year post-treatment records demonstrated a stable occlusion and satisfactory facial aesthetics, confirming the long-term stability of this treatment approach. This case report supports that en-masse distalization of the entire dentition by extracting the upper second molars and lower third molars, coupled with bone miniscrew anchorages, can be a favourable alternative to the conventional premolar extraction approach for the correction of borderline Class II malocclusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degree and pattern of expansion of commercially available and custom-fabricated miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion systems in young adult patients: A retrospective comparative analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has emerged as a noteworthy non-surgical method for treating maxillary transverse deficiency, especially in young adult patients. Studies have shown that MARPE can achieve significant dentoalveolar and skeletal expansion with long-term stability. The primary objective of this study was to assess the skeletal changes in the maxillary transverse dimension, and the secondary objective was to evaluate the dentoalveolar changes, following the use of a commercially available maxillary skeletal expander (MSE) in comparison to a custom-fabricated MARPE.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study involved 50 young adult patients diagnosed with skeletal transverse maxillary deficiency, divided into two groups (MSE and custom MARPE), with 25 patients in each group. Pre- and post-expansion cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to analyse skeletal, alveolar, and dental changes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both MSE and custom MARPE groups achieved significant skeletal and dentoalveolar expansion. However, the custom MARPE group exhibited notably greater expansion in several metrics; in the axial plane, the average expansion was 4.68<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.35<!--> <!-->mm and 3.37<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.53<!--> <!-->mm at the anterolateral maxillary walls and 3.99<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.35<!--> <!-->mm and 3.28<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.19<!--> <!-->mm at the greater palatine foramen region for custom MARPE and MSE groups, respectively (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.01). In coronal plane, the custom MARPE showed significantly greater transverse expansion at the mid-nasal, basal, alveolar, and dental levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both MARPE systems are effective for maxillary expansion. However, the custom-fabricated MARPE may offer more favourable results, with broader and more uniform skeletal expansion. This can be especially beneficial for patients with specific anatomical requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological characteristics of the palate according to mid-palatal suture maturational stage on cone-beam computed tomography images: A cross-sectional study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100935","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Besides the mid-palatal suture maturation stage, the morphology of the palate might also play a role in the effectiveness of miniscrew insertion planning or effectiveness of palatal expansion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The aim was to assess the mid-palate length, height and surface area according to the mid-palatal suture maturation stage and its correlation to the maturity of the transverse palatine suture on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) maxillary images in a consequently selected group of subjects.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Material and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;High-resolution CBCT images of 100 subjects (56 females, 44 males), aged 33.9&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;22.7 years, were selected. The images were clustered according to the mid-palatal suture maturation stage (stages B, C, D, and E) and 25 images per stage group were retrieved. The length, heights (at 2&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm intervals) and surface area of the mid-palate were measured from the posterior border of the incisal foramen to the posterior nasal spine, and the maturity of the transverse palatine suture was recorded.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;No between-stage-group differences were seen for mid-palate length, while heights and surface areas were significantly different between maturational stages. The mid-palate height was significantly smaller in maturational stages D and E groups (5.65&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;1.55&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm and 5.77&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;1.70&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm, respectively) than in groups B and C (6.97&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;1.82&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm and 7.00&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;1.53&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mm, respectively). However, differences were significant only distally to the sixth mm measurement point. The surface area was significantly different among groups, denoting higher values for stage B and C (1.82&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.55&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and 1.86&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.41&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively), compared to stage D and E groups (1.53&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.38&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and 1.57&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;±&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.54&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively). A significant negative but poor correlation was seen between mid-palate total average height, surface area and mid-palatal suture stage (rho&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;–0.278, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.005 and rho&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;–0.222, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.027, respectively). Moreover, a very strong to moderate positive correlation (rho&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.847, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001, rho&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.739, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001) was seen between age and the maturational stage of the mid-palatal and transverse palatine sutures, respectively. Both the mid-palatal and transverse palatine sutures maturity stages were positively and very strongly correlated (rho&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.839, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The height and surface","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodontic bracket failure rate after bonding with and without primer – A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the difference in failure rates between orthodontic brackets bonded with light-cured primer and those bonded without primer.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>An electronic search of five databases and additional manual searches were performed until January 2024. Randomized and prospective non-randomized controlled trials directly comparing the bracket failure rate with and without primer. Two authors independently collected study characteristics by extracting outcome data from pre-defined sheets. After evaluating the risk of bias, the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with random-effects models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four studies were evaluated using qualitative and quantitative analysis. The analysis included data from 199 patients (1691 brackets with primer and 1646 brackets without primer). Random effects of pooled meta-analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences in the bracket failure rates (odds ratio<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.50, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.010, [95% CI 1.10 to 2.05]). The risk of failure was 1.5 times greater when brackets were bonded without primer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results should be interpreted in the context of the limited sample size, even though there was a substantial difference in the failure rates of brackets with and without a primer, favouring the use of a primer. Furthermore, the validity of the finding may be limited by potential variables such as patient factors, clinician expertise, and isolation. More extensive research is required to validate these findings (PROSPERO CRD42024593134).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior maxillary distraction for cleft palate associated severe hypoplastic maxillary Class III deformity during adolescence – A case report","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This report chronicles the case of an adolescent female with cleft palate associated severe hypoplastic maxillary Class III deformity. Treatment involved anterior maxillary segmental distraction osteogenesis (AMSDO) in conjunction with pre-distraction and post-distraction orthodontics. Following pre-distraction orthodontics, AMSDO was performed using a customized Hyrax distractor assembly. Post-distraction orthodontics helped stabilize distraction outcomes and finalize occlusion. Post-treatment, midface deficiency and prognathic profile improved dramatically with establishment of acceptable interincisal relationship and well-balanced functionally interdigitated occlusion. Three-year follow-up showed excellent morphologic and functional stability. AMSDO is a viable modality that contributes to effective stomatological rehabilitation of patients with cleft maxillary hypoplasia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of fluoride varnish containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate application and diode laser irradiation on white spot lesions remineralization: An in vitro study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Objectives</h3><div>The prevention of white spot lesions (WSLs) during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is of paramount importance to orthodontists. Numerous non-invasive techniques have been extensively researched to effectively manage WSLs. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of MI varnish application, diode laser irradiation and their combination on remineralization of WSLs.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In this in vitro study, 40 enamel samples were divided randomly into 4 groups based on the applied treatment after demineralization. In Group I, MI varnish was applied to the enamel samples for a period of 7 days. In Group II, samples were irradiated with diode laser. In Group III, MI varnish was applied for 7 days, followed by diode laser irradiation. Whereas Group IV (control group) received no treatment and samples were stored in artificial saliva for 7 days. Microhardness assessments were performed at baseline, after demineralization and following the different treatment protocols. A representative sample from each group was randomly selected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. One-way ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, and Tukey's Post Hoc tests were used for statistical analysis, with significance set at <em>P</em> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All treatment groups demonstrated significantly higher mean microhardness values compared to the control group (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). Group 1 (MI varnish) had a final microhardness mean value of 193.50 (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), Group 2 (diode laser) recorded the highest final mean of 214.20 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.018), and Group 3 (MI varnish<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->diode laser) had a mean of 203.93 (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.011). SEM observations supported these findings by showing enhanced surface morphology in the treatment groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MI varnish application, laser irradiation, and their combination demonstrated enhanced microhardness of artificially demineralized enamel, highlighting their effectiveness in remineralization of WSLs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}