International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of stress distribution and displacement pattern of maxillary expansion in craniomaxillary complex using rapid maxillary expander and maxillary skeletal expander: A finite element model analysis","authors":"Monalisa Goswami,&nbsp;Anshu Sahu,&nbsp;Raghu Ranjan Prasad,&nbsp;Parul Priya,&nbsp;Parul Priya,&nbsp;Shovan Roy,&nbsp;Abhijith A","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A combination of miniscrews and the maxillary skeletal expander (MSE) was created to address potential issues with the traditional rapid maxillary expander (RME). This study was conducted to assess and compare stress distribution and displacement patterns in the craniomaxillary complex during maxillary expansion using Rapid Maxillary Expander (RME) and Maxillary Skeletal Expander (MSE) using 3D Finite Element model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 3D Finite Element model of the craniomaxillary complex, including the maxilla and maxillary dentition, was generated using computer aided design software. Stress distribution and displacement patterns were analysed for both RME and MSE treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that MSE had greater bone displacement, bone stress, teeth displacement, teeth stress, and periodontal displacement and stress compared to RME. In terms of suture displacement, MSE had higher frontonasal suture displacement compared to RME. Teeth displacement showed that central and lateral incisors showed palatal displacement with RME and buccal displacement with MSE, while canine, premolars, and molars all showed greater buccal displacement with MSE compared to RME along the transverse axis. Central incisor displacement was observed in the extrusion direction with RME, while it was in the intrusion direction with MSE. In terms of teeth stress, MSE treatment resulted in higher stress on the central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, premolars, and molars compared to RME treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Overall, MSE exhibited greater bone displacement, stress, and suture displacement/stress compared to RME. Additionally, MSE induced different tooth displacement patterns with higher stress on teeth compared to RME. These findings suggest differences in treatment outcomes and biomechanical effects between the two expansion methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root symmetry between homologous upper incisors in non-orthodontic patients: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Antuanet Eymy Ñaupari-Gonzales ,&nbsp;Vania Miriam Medina-Huaringa ,&nbsp;Heraldo Luis Dias- Da Silveira ,&nbsp;Yalil Augusto Rodríguez-Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the symmetry in length, shape, and root dilaceration between homologous upper incisors of non-orthodontic patients using digital panoramic radiographs (DPR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 200 DPR obtained from a private radiology centre in Lima, Peru. All successive patients meeting the eligibility criteria were included from January to August 2024 (86 men and 114 women, 27.84<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.69<!--> <!-->years and 28.52<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.38 respectively). Eight hundred upper incisors were examined, divided equally into upper central incisors (UCI) (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->400) and upper lateral incisors (ULI) (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->400). The dental imaging software Blue Sky Plan 4.13.35 was utilized to evaluate root length (as a ratio), root shape (using the Albrecht classification), and root dilaceration (according to the Chohayeb classification) while comparing homologous upper incisors. For statistical analysis, weighted Kappa tests and binary logistic regression were employed, with the significance level set at <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 200 radiographs, root length symmetry was observed in 192 patients (96%) for UCI and in 185 patients (92.5%) for ULI. Additionally, root shape symmetry was found in 171 patients (85.5%) for UCI and in 124 patients (62%) for ULI. Regarding dilaceration symmetry, 198 patients (99%) showed symmetry for UCI, while 188 patients (94%) did so for ULI. The multivariate analysis indicated that the male sex was more likely to exhibit root shape symmetry in upper lateral incisors (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.033).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Most homologous upper incisors display symmetry regarding root length, shape, and dilaceration. However, this symmetry is more prevalent in central than lateral incisors, in which the root shapes may differ between homologous teeth. Orthodontists should consider these findings in their practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101000"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D analysis of morphological changes, maxillary central incisor–incisive canal relationship, and root resorption in subjects with maxillary incisors protrusion who underwent non-extraction fixed appliance therapy considering demographic and skeletal factors: A retrospective study","authors":"Remsh Khaled Al-Rokhami ,&nbsp;Hongzheng Gu ,&nbsp;Xiaobao Dang ,&nbsp;Zhihua Li ,&nbsp;Sadam Ahmed Elayah ,&nbsp;Xing Zhao ,&nbsp;Karim Ahmed Sakran","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To assess changes in the morphology and relationship between the maxillary central incisor and incisive canal (U1-IC) and estimate root resorption following non-extraction orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, based on sex, age, and skeletal sagittal and facial classifications.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>All patients treated with maxillary incisors retraction using fixed appliances without extraction between 2015 and 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Measurements, including IC width, root-IC distance, cortical bone width (CBW), IC height, and root resorption, were taken before (T1) and after (T2) treatment at specified heights (H1, H2, and H3; 2<!--> <!-->mm, 4<!--> <!-->mm, and 6<!--> <!-->mm above the labial cementoenamel junction of U1).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample included 44 patients (88 maxillary central incisors), with 18 males, 26 females, 27 teenagers, and 17 adults. Of these, 10 were Class I, 34 Class II, 7 low facial, 27 average facial, and 10 high facial groups. Significant reductions were observed in IC width, CBW, root-IC distance, and U1 length/width after treatment, across sexes, age groups, sagittal classes, and facial groups, particularly at most heights. Class II subjects showed greater reductions in U1 root-IC distance, length, and width compared to Class I. The average root resorption was 1.01<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.68<!--> <!-->mm post-treatment, with higher resorption in males (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.004), Class II (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), and low facial groups (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.007). The post-treatment U1-IC relationship showed the highest rates of approximation (68.2%) at the H2 and H3 levels, while contact and invasion rates were highest at the H1 level (13.6% and 9.1%, respectively). U1 tooth movement, U1 length, IC height, and ABO index were significant predictors of a negative U1-IC relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maxillary incisors retraction during fixed orthodontic treatment impacts the U1-IC relationship and root resorption, with variations across demographic and skeletal groups, underscoring the importance of considering individual anatomical and skeletal factors in treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of soft tissue facial changes in patients 7–11 years of age with and without maxillary expansion utilizing CBCTs and 3D facial scans: A preliminary study","authors":"Nafisa Molla ,&nbsp;Heesoo Oh ,&nbsp;Giseon Heo ,&nbsp;Raisa Catunda ,&nbsp;Manuel Lagravère","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effects of maxillary expansion over a period of 12 months on facial soft tissue measurements in children aged 7–11 years with a maxillary transverse deficiency of at least 5<!--> <!-->mm or bilateral posterior crossbite, utilizing both CBCTs and 3D facial scans, by comparison to a control group.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Data was collected from 32 patients and consisted of two groups: control and treatment (Hyrax expansion via RME, 1 turn/day). Each patient in each group underwent CBCTs, 3D facial scans and hand-wrist radiographs at two time points: pre-treatment (T0), and after the completion of expansion at post-retention (T1, 12 months). CBCTs were assessed using 3D Slicer software and 3D facial scans were assessed using OrthoInsight 3D software. The soft tissue measurements evaluated included the following: alar width, alar base width, mouth width, philtrum width, nasal tip prominence, nasolabial angle, upper lip to E-line, lower lip to E-line, upper lip height, height of vermillion of upper lip, lower lip height, height of nose, lower facial height and intercanthal width. Statistical analysis included intra- and inter-rater variability, measurement error calculation and MANOVA tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From a total of 32 patients with two sets of imaging records, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups over the one-year observation. However, when comparing the two modalities utilized in this study (CBCT imaging and 3D facial scanning), the correlation was not as optimal for specific outcome variables such as alar base width and intercanthal width, potentially due to anatomic, imaging protocols and patient related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that the children in both groups experienced similar facial soft tissue changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypodontia as a predictor of third molar agenesis: A comparative cross-sectional study according to sex and tooth type in a French orthodontic population","authors":"Anaïs Cavaré ,&nbsp;Pierre-Hadrien Decaup ,&nbsp;Marie-José Boileau ,&nbsp;Elsa Garot","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of third molar agenesis and to investigate potential relationships with the agenesis of other permanent teeth, the type of missing teeth, and sex.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Panoramic radiographs from 4081 orthodontic patients aged 11 to 21 years were examined to identify non-syndromic tooth agenesis, including third molars. McNemar's Chi-square tests were used to compare the prevalence of third molar agenesis between jaws or sides. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore associations between the occurrence or patterns of third molar agenesis and potential explanatory factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Third molar agenesis was observed in 19.0% of the sample (19.3% for females and 18.7% for males). The most common patterns of third molar agenesis were bilateral absence of the lower third molars (16.8%) and all third molars missing (16.7%). Third molar agenesis was 3.92 (95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3.07–5.00; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) times more likely to occur when other permanent teeth were congenitally missing. The congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors was associated with the agenesis of third molars in the maxilla (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->3.93; 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1.07–13.70; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.034). At least one missing mandibular third molar was involved in the patterns associated with the agenesis of other permanent teeth. No sexual dimorphism was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Third molar agenesis appears to represent a continuum with the agenesis of other teeth, reflecting strong genetic control, affecting both sexes similarly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100999"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does operator experience affect the accuracy of guided palatal miniscrew insertion via surgical guide? An in-vitro study","authors":"Amedeo Salomone ,&nbsp;Mario Palone ,&nbsp;Francesca Cremonini ,&nbsp;Giuliano Maino ,&nbsp;Emanuele Paoletto ,&nbsp;Marta Cappelletti ,&nbsp;Luca Lombardo","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To compare the in-vitro accuracy of guided palatal miniscrew insertion comparing expert and inexpert clinicians.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Twenty-one synthetic bone models, derived from a single master model, were acquired to simulate the clinical act of miniscrew insertion. Digital planning and CAD/CAM surgical guide manufacturing were executed by matching the CBCT of the master model with its corresponding STL file. The insertion of two palatal miniscrews in the anterior paramedian region was planned. The operators (mean age 35 years<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5 years; 11 males and 9 females) were divided into two sub-groups (inexperienced and experienced), and the miniscrews inserted using a standardized procedure. Linear and angular discrepancies between planned and inserted miniscrew positions were then evaluated at the level of head and tip point by superimposing the reference model (derived from digital planning) with the 20 working models (derived from scanning after miniscrew insertion). Absolute accuracy and comparison between the sub-groups were assessed using a one-sample Wilcoxon test (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Regardless of experience, a statistically significant difference in all investigated measurements was found. However, no statistically significant differences were detected between the two sub-groups, except for the sagittal discrepancy at the head, with the inexperienced group being less accurate (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The use of a CAD/CAM surgical guide ensures comparable accuracy between inexperienced and experienced clinicians, excepting some outlier discrepancies among the inexpert subjects. Although there are differences in accuracy between the planned and achieved miniscrew position, these differences do not appear to be clinically significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100995"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of single versus double miniscrew-assisted maxillary anterior intrusion in subjects with gummy smile or deep bite: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Dhruv Ahuja ,&nbsp;Siddarth Shetty ,&nbsp;Rajaganesh Gautam ,&nbsp;Puneet Batra ,&nbsp;Toni Lego","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The focus of this review is to compare the efficacy and predictability of single versus double miniscrew placement for maxillary anterior intrusion.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Systematic search for relevant articles published between 2005 and January 2025 was conducted across electronic databases including Scopus, PubMed, WoS, EBSCOhost and Cochrane Library. Studies meeting pre-defined eligibility criteria were included and assessed for methodological quality. Data on intrusion of maxillary anteriors using MS was extracted from included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of single versus double MS in relation to anterior intrusion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis showed that bilateral miniscrews (MS), placed between the maxillary lateral incisors and canines, resulted in significantly greater maxillary anterior intrusion compared to a single MS placed between the central incisors. Bilateral MS also provided better control over incisor inclination and stability with minimal side effects. The forest plot further confirmed significant intrusion with bilateral MS, with a mean difference of −0.25 and an overall effect (Z) of 1.98. The comparison between single and double MS demonstrated a significant effect of double MS on maxillary anterior intrusion (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.00001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Bilateral MS configurations offer a reliable and effective treatment approach in maxillary anterior intrusion, particularly when considering individual variations in anatomical and clinical factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100996"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative assessment of the BioBiteCorrector® and Herbst appliances combined with fixed appliances in class II patients: A retrospective cohort study on PAR and IOTN indices","authors":"Nick Schröder ,&nbsp;Eleni K. Alexopoulou ,&nbsp;Tim Schröder ,&nbsp;Alexandra K. Papadopoulou ,&nbsp;Vasiliki Koretsi","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The BioBiteCorrector® (BBC) appliance was introduced as a further development of the Herbst appliance; however, there is no research comparing their treatment outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Caucasian healthy patients with at least 5<!--> <!-->mm overjet were included and treated with either Herbst or BBC, both combined with fixed appliances, by one experienced orthodontist at a private practice in Switzerland. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated in terms of occlusal outcomes via the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) indices, for which groups were matched at baseline. Data collection took place before bonding and after debonding and data was statistically analyzed with linear/logistic regressions at 5%.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Each group was comprised of 58 patients. Patient and treatment related characteristics did not demonstrate any clinically relevant differences at baseline. The overall treatment duration was 19.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.3 and 22.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.7 months for the Herbst and BBC respectively (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). The main outcomes of absolute PAR reduction, % PAR reduction, PAR improvement, or great PAR improvement were not statistically significant between groups (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05 in all instances); however, patients treated with Herbst had slightly worse overall IOTN scores (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.03). The findings did not significantly change after controlling for confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both Herbst and BBC appeared to be equally effective in improving class II malocclusion, yet the BBC appliance led to slightly longer overall treatment duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 2","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occlusal cant correction using anterior unilateral bite turbo: A case series","authors":"Nguyen Viet Anh DDS, MDS ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Trang DDS, Ph.D ,&nbsp;Doan Thi Bich Ngoc","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occlusal cant is often perceived by both patients and dental practitioners as an aesthetic concern. While occlusal cant due to skeletal discrepancies or severe cases may necessitate surgical intervention, dental occlusal cant can be corrected through orthodontic treatment. This case series demonstrates the successful management of occlusal cant with asymmetric overbite using a novel approach: unilateral bite turbo attached to the lingual surface of a lateral incisor, canine, or both. The results, applicable to both labial and lingual orthodontic mechanics, suggest that dental occlusal cant can be effectively addressed using this simple and minimally invasive bite turbo technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100991"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance assessment of artificial intelligence chatbots (ChatGPT-4 and Copilot) for sharing insights on 3D-printed orthodontic appliances: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Asma Muhammad Yousuf,&nbsp;Fizzah Ikram,&nbsp;Munnal Gulzar,&nbsp;Rashna Hoshang Sukhia,&nbsp;Mubassar Fida","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate and compare the performance of OpenAI's ChatGPT-4 and Microsoft Copilot in providing information on 3D-printed orthodontic appliances, with a focus on the accuracy, completeness of the content, and response generation time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study proceeded in five stages. Initially, three orthodontists created a total of 125 questions concerning 3D printed orthodontic appliances of which 105 questions were finalized to be incorporated into the study by a panel of senior orthodontists. These questions were subsequently organized into 15 distinct domains. Both chatbots were presented with the questions under consistent conditions, using the same laptop and internet setup. A stopwatch was used to record response times. The responses were anonymized and evaluated by seven orthodontists with extensive experience, who scored accuracy and completeness based on standardized tools. Through discussion, evaluators reached a consensus on each score, ensuring reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Spearman's correlation revealed a moderate to strong negative correlation between accuracy and completeness for both chatbots (<em>p<!--> </em>≤<!--> <!-->0.001). The negative correlation observed between accuracy and completeness scores, particularly prominent in Copilot, indicates a trade-off between these qualities in some responses. Mann-Whitney U tests confirmed significant differences in accuracy and completeness between the chatbots (<em>p<!--> </em>≤<!--> <!-->0.001), though response time differences were not statistically significant (<em>p</em> <em>=</em> <em>0.204</em>). Cohen's Kappa results implied little to no consistency between the two models on the assessed parameters (<em>p<!--> <!-->&gt;</em> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ChatGPT-4 outperformed Microsoft Copilot in accuracy and completeness, providing more precise and comprehensive information on 3D-printed orthodontic appliances demonstrating a greater ability to handle complex, and detailed requests in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100992"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}