International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of stress distribution and displacement pattern of maxillary expansion in craniomaxillary complex using rapid maxillary expander and maxillary skeletal expander: A finite element model analysis","authors":"Monalisa Goswami,&nbsp;Anshu Sahu,&nbsp;Raghu Ranjan Prasad,&nbsp;Parul Priya,&nbsp;Parul Priya,&nbsp;Shovan Roy,&nbsp;Abhijith A","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A combination of miniscrews and the maxillary skeletal expander (MSE) was created to address potential issues with the traditional rapid maxillary expander (RME). This study was conducted to assess and compare stress distribution and displacement patterns in the craniomaxillary complex during maxillary expansion using Rapid Maxillary Expander (RME) and Maxillary Skeletal Expander (MSE) using 3D Finite Element model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 3D Finite Element model of the craniomaxillary complex, including the maxilla and maxillary dentition, was generated using computer aided design software. Stress distribution and displacement patterns were analysed for both RME and MSE treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that MSE had greater bone displacement, bone stress, teeth displacement, teeth stress, and periodontal displacement and stress compared to RME. In terms of suture displacement, MSE had higher frontonasal suture displacement compared to RME. Teeth displacement showed that central and lateral incisors showed palatal displacement with RME and buccal displacement with MSE, while canine, premolars, and molars all showed greater buccal displacement with MSE compared to RME along the transverse axis. Central incisor displacement was observed in the extrusion direction with RME, while it was in the intrusion direction with MSE. In terms of teeth stress, MSE treatment resulted in higher stress on the central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, premolars, and molars compared to RME treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Overall, MSE exhibited greater bone displacement, stress, and suture displacement/stress compared to RME. Additionally, MSE induced different tooth displacement patterns with higher stress on teeth compared to RME. These findings suggest differences in treatment outcomes and biomechanical effects between the two expansion methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D analysis of morphological changes, maxillary central incisor–incisive canal relationship, and root resorption in subjects with maxillary incisors protrusion who underwent non-extraction fixed appliance therapy considering demographic and skeletal factors: A retrospective study","authors":"Remsh Khaled Al-Rokhami ,&nbsp;Hongzheng Gu ,&nbsp;Xiaobao Dang ,&nbsp;Zhihua Li ,&nbsp;Sadam Ahmed Elayah ,&nbsp;Xing Zhao ,&nbsp;Karim Ahmed Sakran","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To assess changes in the morphology and relationship between the maxillary central incisor and incisive canal (U1-IC) and estimate root resorption following non-extraction orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, based on sex, age, and skeletal sagittal and facial classifications.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>All patients treated with maxillary incisors retraction using fixed appliances without extraction between 2015 and 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Measurements, including IC width, root-IC distance, cortical bone width (CBW), IC height, and root resorption, were taken before (T1) and after (T2) treatment at specified heights (H1, H2, and H3; 2<!--> <!-->mm, 4<!--> <!-->mm, and 6<!--> <!-->mm above the labial cementoenamel junction of U1).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample included 44 patients (88 maxillary central incisors), with 18 males, 26 females, 27 teenagers, and 17 adults. Of these, 10 were Class I, 34 Class II, 7 low facial, 27 average facial, and 10 high facial groups. Significant reductions were observed in IC width, CBW, root-IC distance, and U1 length/width after treatment, across sexes, age groups, sagittal classes, and facial groups, particularly at most heights. Class II subjects showed greater reductions in U1 root-IC distance, length, and width compared to Class I. The average root resorption was 1.01<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.68<!--> <!-->mm post-treatment, with higher resorption in males (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.004), Class II (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), and low facial groups (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.007). The post-treatment U1-IC relationship showed the highest rates of approximation (68.2%) at the H2 and H3 levels, while contact and invasion rates were highest at the H1 level (13.6% and 9.1%, respectively). U1 tooth movement, U1 length, IC height, and ABO index were significant predictors of a negative U1-IC relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maxillary incisors retraction during fixed orthodontic treatment impacts the U1-IC relationship and root resorption, with variations across demographic and skeletal groups, underscoring the importance of considering individual anatomical and skeletal factors in treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of quality of orthodontic treatment and determining factors that affect the quality of finishing in orthodontic graduate clinic using peer assessment rating: A retrospective case-control study study","authors":"Maria A. Ossa ,&nbsp;Katherine Tran ,&nbsp;Sasha Z. Daroga ,&nbsp;Kaylee A. Gomez ,&nbsp;Wei-En Lu ,&nbsp;Ai Ni ,&nbsp;Zongyang Sun ,&nbsp;Henry W. Fields ,&nbsp;Toru Deguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objective of this study was to analyse recently treated orthodontic patients to evaluate the quality of treatment in the graduate orthodontic clinic at the Ohio State University and determine what factors correlate to the how cases are finished.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Models of 229 patients were scored using the peer assessment rating (PAR) index. The cases were divided into groups, well-finished cases, which are those that had a PAR score reduction by at least 22pts or for those that started with a score less than 22pts a final PAR score of 0 and not well-finished cases. Cephalometric data, treatment age, treatment type, treatment time, faculty, payment type, motivation, initial hygiene impression, and failed appointments were recorded. Statistical analyses completed included a multiple logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total percent of cases of improvement in PAR was 45.4%, 48.5%, 6.1% for greatly improved, improved and not improved respectively. The pre-treatment upper and lower anterior alignment, overjet, overbite and midline deviation were significantly related to the quality of treatment outcome (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). The total PAR reduction rate was similar between full-time and part-time teachers, but when categorised, it showed a difference with a decrease by a multiplicative factor of 8.200. However, this statistical difference is not significant after adjustment with other covariates (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.69).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients who start with more upper or lower anterior crowding, overjet, overbite, or midline deviation may be difficult to correct than cases that does not have those characteristics. Also, there may be difference between part- and full-time faculty regarding treatment efficiency in orthodontic graduate clinic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101003"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of occlusal outcome in adult patients with posterior crossbite treated with completely customized lingual appliances and CAD/CAM archwires for maxillary expansion and mandibular compression compared to adult Class I patients: A retrospective study","authors":"Yann Janssens ,&nbsp;Heike Siekmann ,&nbsp;Pierre Canal ,&nbsp;Patrick F. Foley ,&nbsp;Lara Bettenhäuser-Hartung ,&nbsp;Jonas Q. Schmid","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>There is a lack of evidence regarding whether non-surgical crossbite correction leads to compromised occlusal outcomes. The aim of this study was to objectively evaluate the quality of the occlusal outcome and the transverse correction after non-surgical crossbite correction in adults compared to adult patients with no pretreatment crossbite.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 80 adult patients treated consecutively with completely customized lingual appliances (CCLAs) between 2019 and 2021. Crossbite correction was performed with CAD/CAM expansion archwires in the maxilla and compression archwires in the mandible. Occlusal outcome was evaluated using the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) Model Grading System (MGS), and transverse metric measurements were performed, both on plaster models before treatment (T1), on the set-up models (T2A) and after debonding (T2B).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From a total of 1098 patients debonded during the observation period, 40 patients (f/m 30/10, mean age 33.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->10.9<!--> <!-->years) with unilateral or bilateral crossbite were enrolled in the crossbite group. The matched non-crossbite control group consisted of 40 Class I patients (f/m 30/10, mean age 30.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->9.1<!--> <!-->years). No statistically significant difference was observed between the crossbite and non-crossbite groups regarding the total ABO score at T2B (20.7 vs. 18.8, <em>p</em> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->0.05), despite the malocclusion being significantly more severe in the crossbite group at T1 (68.1 vs. 41.0, <em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). In both groups, 38 out of 40 patients (95%) would have passed the ABO examination (total score at T2B<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->25). All crossbites were completely corrected at T2B, with a mean total transverse correction of 6.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.3<!--> <!-->mm (3.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.1<!--> <!-->mm maxillary expansion, 3.5<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.4<!--> <!-->mm mandibular compression).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Non-surgical crossbite correction did not lead to compromised occlusal results. CCLAs in combination with CAD/CAM expansion and compression archwires can correct posterior crossbites successfully in adult patients. The final occlusal outcome can be of a similar high quality in crossbite and non-crossbite patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101040"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of soft tissue facial changes in patients 7–11 years of age with and without maxillary expansion utilizing CBCTs and 3D facial scans: A preliminary study","authors":"Nafisa Molla ,&nbsp;Heesoo Oh ,&nbsp;Giseon Heo ,&nbsp;Raisa Catunda ,&nbsp;Manuel Lagravère","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effects of maxillary expansion over a period of 12 months on facial soft tissue measurements in children aged 7–11 years with a maxillary transverse deficiency of at least 5<!--> <!-->mm or bilateral posterior crossbite, utilizing both CBCTs and 3D facial scans, by comparison to a control group.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Data was collected from 32 patients and consisted of two groups: control and treatment (Hyrax expansion via RME, 1 turn/day). Each patient in each group underwent CBCTs, 3D facial scans and hand-wrist radiographs at two time points: pre-treatment (T0), and after the completion of expansion at post-retention (T1, 12 months). CBCTs were assessed using 3D Slicer software and 3D facial scans were assessed using OrthoInsight 3D software. The soft tissue measurements evaluated included the following: alar width, alar base width, mouth width, philtrum width, nasal tip prominence, nasolabial angle, upper lip to E-line, lower lip to E-line, upper lip height, height of vermillion of upper lip, lower lip height, height of nose, lower facial height and intercanthal width. Statistical analysis included intra- and inter-rater variability, measurement error calculation and MANOVA tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From a total of 32 patients with two sets of imaging records, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups over the one-year observation. However, when comparing the two modalities utilized in this study (CBCT imaging and 3D facial scanning), the correlation was not as optimal for specific outcome variables such as alar base width and intercanthal width, potentially due to anatomic, imaging protocols and patient related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that the children in both groups experienced similar facial soft tissue changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe anterior open bite in a Class II hyperdivergent adult patient: A case report of clear aligner orthodontic camouflage treatment","authors":"Francesca Cremonini,&nbsp;Virginia Falconi,&nbsp;Lisa Carazzato,&nbsp;Mario Palone,&nbsp;Luca Lombardo","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to describe the successful treatment of an anterior open bite in an adult Class II hyperdivergent patient. A 31-year-old female presented for orthodontic treatment, seeking an aesthetic solution to correct her anterior open bite and lower crowding to enhance her smile. As an initial step, all third molars were extracted to facilitate the forward rotation of the mandible and the initial closure of the open bite. Subsequently, clear aligner therapy (F22 aligners, Due Carrare, Italy) was initiated, with aligners changed every 15 days in combination with Class II elastics. Bite closure was achieved through programmed interproximal reduction (IPR) and the retroclination of anterior teeth. At the end of treatment, the open bite was successfully closed, a Class I relationship was obtained on the right side, and an edge-to-edge Class II relationship persisted on the left due to underlying skeletal asymmetry. Additionally, incisor exposure during smiling was improved. This clinical case demonstrates that clear aligners can effectively compensate a functional anterior open bite by promoting mandibular forward rotation and incisor retroclination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100989"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive qualitative and quantitative assessment of the most suitable levels for maxillary and mandibular miniscrew insertion sites: A cross-sectional comparative study","authors":"Abeer A. Almashraqi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Sawady ,&nbsp;Essa Mohammed Beleges ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hassan Khadhi ,&nbsp;Esam Halboub ,&nbsp;Maged S. Alhammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To analyse the quality and quantity of inter-radicular buccal and palatal cortical bone in the maxillary and mandibular regions at the most recommended levels for miniscrew insertion sites in both sexes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective, cross-sectional comparative study utilized Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans from 60 adult patients meeting the selection criteria. The analysis focused on Cortical Bone Thickness (CBT), Inter-radicular Space (IRS), and Relative Cortical Bone Density (RCBD) at eleven maxillary and six mandibular miniscrew insertion sites, measured at 4, 6, and 8<!--> <!-->mm from the cemento-enamel junction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CBT on the maxillary buccal side ranged from 0.85<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.13 to 1.32<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.14<!--> <!-->mm, with all palatal sites measuring at least 1<!--> <!-->mm. Palatal areas showed greater IRS than buccal sites, with no significant sex differences. RCBD indicated significant differences at 6<!--> <!-->mm (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.004) and 8<!--> <!-->mm (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.008), where females had higher density than males. In the mandible, CBT ranged from 1.20<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.22 to 2.63<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.36<!--> <!-->mm, with the lowest IRS in the canine-premolar region at 4<!--> <!-->mm and the highest in the molar area at 8<!--> <!-->mm. High densities were observed across levels without sex preference.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It is advisable to position orthodontic miniscrews as far as possible in the attached gingiva of the maxillary buccal and mandibular canine-premolar regions. For maxillary palatal miniscrews, preferred insertion depths are 6<!--> <!-->mm in the premolar and 4<!--> <!-->mm in the molar regions, and predrilling at 6<!--> <!-->mm is recommended in the mandibular molar region. Limited sex differences were noted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101007"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different treatment strategies for monozygotic twins with Class II division 1 malocclusion: 10-year follow-up study","authors":"Shichao Yue ,&nbsp;Minjia Zhu ,&nbsp;Xianju Xie ,&nbsp;Zixiang Dai ,&nbsp;Kan Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Che ,&nbsp;Ye Chen ,&nbsp;Yuxing Bai ,&nbsp;Ke Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early-stage growth modification has been demonstrated effective in treating prepubertal patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Since monozygotic twins are genetically identical, environmental factors, including oral habits and treatment strategies, may contribute to different treatment outcomes. To date, few reported comparisons of different treatment strategies in monozygotic twins with Class II division 1 malocclusion exist.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>In this case report, we compare the effects of different functional appliances and extraction strategies in a pair of prepubertal monozygotic twins. Different compliance and treatment protocols may have different effects on their early changes in facial profile. Customized treatment plans are necessary for optimal treatment outcomes. Both twins achieved favourable improvements in facial profile, and their long-term stability of functional occlusion was also maintained after a ten-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Practical implications</h3><div>With the outcome of the case, we acknowledged that functional appliance therapy can affect the potentiality of mandibular growth. Individualized protocols should be approached aside from different functional appliances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101009"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of novel framework-supported 3-dimensional facial scanning using smartphone device with freehand facial scanning in patients seeking orthodontic treatment: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Aditya Talwar ,&nbsp;Isha Duggal ,&nbsp;Harpreet Grewal ,&nbsp;Neha Bhutiani ,&nbsp;Navneet Singh ,&nbsp;Saurabh Kaushik","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Surface anthropometric assessment of soft tissues is an ideal approach for measuring 3D facial changes with smartphone/tablet-based applications revolutionizing 3D facial acquisition. However, the scans obtained are prone to distortion and have limited repeatability due to the freehand recording of the scans in continuous image capture mode, thus also reducing their reliability. The aim was to introduce the design and operation of an innovative apparatus for acquiring 3D facial scans in a standardised, repeatable, and convenient way for young children and adults.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>The apparatus presents a framework with a straight and scissor arm with the recommended dimension of 68<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->60<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->34<!--> <!-->cm with a 360-degree rotatory joint similar to wall-mounted X-ray systems used in dental offices. Facial scans of 15 patients aged between 19–25 years (mean age<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->23.13 years) were recorded using the two techniques (framework-supported [SF] and freehand [SWF]) Scandy Pro app in Apple iPad Pro. The scans were exported in .stl format and analysed using Meshlab and Viewbox 4 software for surface comparison, scan time, and mean absolute distance (MAD) between facial soft tissue landmarks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Scans using the framework (SF) showed fewer aberrations, especially in the nasolabial and periorbital areas. Zygoma R and L (0.608<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.605 and 0.503<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.191 respectively) displayed the most difference, while Point A (0.323<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.381), Pogonion (0.364<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.344), and infraorbital region R and L (0.307<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.785 and 0.362<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.089 respectively) displayed the least. With no scan interruptions, the average scan time decreased threefold to 10.14<!--> <!-->seconds for SF compared to 27.81<!--> <!-->seconds for SWF, with 12 instances of tracking loss. Superimposition analysis of SF scans shows ICC values from 0.574 to 0.882, indicating good agreement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The proposed framework provides a reliable, accurate, and cost-effective alternative for 3D facial imaging using smartphone devices. It demonstrates high reproducibility and significant reductions in scan time and tracking loss. This apparatus could facilitate the routine clinical use of 3D facial scanning in orthodontics, offering portable and non-invasive solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the possible synergetic effect of micro-osteoperforations and injectable platelet-rich fibrin on the rate of maxillary canine retraction of young adults: A split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Hend Abul karem Abdullah Al-Haifi ,&nbsp;Ramy Abdulrahman Ali Ishaq ,&nbsp;Khaled Ahmed Mohammed Al-Jawfi ,&nbsp;Amin Mohsen Saleh Al-Ashtal ,&nbsp;Maged S. Alhammadi ,&nbsp;Abeer A. Almashraqi","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study primarily aimed to evaluate the combined impacts of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) on the rate of maxillary canine retraction. Additionally, it explored the side effects of the related rotation, tipping, and vertical movements.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>All patients who met the eligibility criteria (Class II Division 1 malocclusion, mild to moderate crowding, bilateral Class II canines, good oral hygiene, and requiring therapeutic extraction of the maxillary first premolars) between April and December 2021 were recruited. This included 25 young adult orthodontic patients (19 females and 6 males). One side of the maxillary arch was randomly chosen to receive MOPs combined with I-PRF, forming the experimental group. In contrast, the other side received only MOPs, serving as the control group. The maxillary canine retraction rate was measured every 4 weeks over a 24-week follow-up period (T0 [before canine retraction] – T6 [after 24-week]). Additionally, canine rotation, intrusion/extrusion, and tipping were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) before and after retraction at two-time points (T0 and T6). The independent <em>t</em>-test was used to compare the experimental and control groups. Comparisons between stages from T0 to T6 were completed using the t-test for paired samples and repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA). The <em>P</em>-values were adjusted using Bonferroni correction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study analysed 25 young adult patients (19 females and 6 males; average age 20.47<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->4.1 years). The rate of maxillary canine retraction was significantly different between the experimental and control sides, with an overall rate of 1.25<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.28 and 0.75<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.1<!--> <!-->mm/month (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.04, <em>q</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.006), respectively. This significantly faster rate occurred at T1–T2 and T4–T5 time points on the experimental compared to the control side. Canine tipping was also greater in the experimental side, at 3.89<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.19° than in the control side, at 1.80<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.12° (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.03, <em>q</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005). No significant differences were found in maxillary canine rotation, extrusion, or intrusion between the two sides.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of MOPs and I-PRF demonstrated a synergistic effect, significantly accelerating orthodontic tooth movement during maxillary canine retraction within 6 months of a clinical evaluation, but also with a significant tipping movement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}