International Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Association between nasal septum deviation and maxillary dimensions in an adult South Indian population: A retrospective observational cone-beam computed tomography study","authors":"Shifo Savio,&nbsp;Shweta Nagesh","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nasal septal deviation (NSD) is a common anatomical variation influencing nasal function and maxillary development. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between NSD and maxillary dimensions in a South Indian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, it examines NSD severity and its effect on maxillary dimensions and malocclusion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The retrospective cross-sectional study analysed CBCT data from patients with NSD aged above 18 years and of South Indian descent, collected between 2022 and 2024, who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. NSD severity was classified based on the Septal Deviation Angle (SDA) as mild (0–9°), moderate (10–15°), and severe (&gt; 15°). Maxillary parameters such as: palatal width (MPW), length (ML), palatal arch depth (PAD), intermolar width (MIMW), interpremolar width (MPMW) were measured. The association between NSD and maxillary parameters was analysed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to examine the transverse maxillary parameters among three groups with different severity levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 140 CBCTs scans were analysed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A weak positive correlation was observed between SDA and PAD (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.038), DSW-PAD (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.040) and DSW-MPW (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.030). MPW was significantly reduced in moderate NSD patients compared to mild NSD (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.048). Class II malocclusion was most prevalent across all NSD severities (mild: 20%, moderate: 25%, severe: 15%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The nasal septal deviation is associated with increased palatal depth and reduced palatal width, particularly in moderate NSD cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the possible synergetic effect of micro-osteoperforations and injectable platelet-rich fibrin on the rate of maxillary canine retraction of young adults: A split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Hend Abul karem Abdullah Al-Haifi ,&nbsp;Ramy Abdulrahman Ali Ishaq ,&nbsp;Khaled Ahmed Mohammed Al-Jawfi ,&nbsp;Amin Mohsen Saleh Al-Ashtal ,&nbsp;Maged S. Alhammadi ,&nbsp;Abeer A. Almashraqi","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study primarily aimed to evaluate the combined impacts of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) on the rate of maxillary canine retraction. Additionally, it explored the side effects of the related rotation, tipping, and vertical movements.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>All patients who met the eligibility criteria (Class II Division 1 malocclusion, mild to moderate crowding, bilateral Class II canines, good oral hygiene, and requiring therapeutic extraction of the maxillary first premolars) between April and December 2021 were recruited. This included 25 young adult orthodontic patients (19 females and 6 males). One side of the maxillary arch was randomly chosen to receive MOPs combined with I-PRF, forming the experimental group. In contrast, the other side received only MOPs, serving as the control group. The maxillary canine retraction rate was measured every 4 weeks over a 24-week follow-up period (T0 [before canine retraction] – T6 [after 24-week]). Additionally, canine rotation, intrusion/extrusion, and tipping were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) before and after retraction at two-time points (T0 and T6). The independent <em>t</em>-test was used to compare the experimental and control groups. Comparisons between stages from T0 to T6 were completed using the t-test for paired samples and repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA). The <em>P</em>-values were adjusted using Bonferroni correction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study analysed 25 young adult patients (19 females and 6 males; average age 20.47<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->4.1 years). The rate of maxillary canine retraction was significantly different between the experimental and control sides, with an overall rate of 1.25<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.28 and 0.75<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.1<!--> <!-->mm/month (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.04, <em>q</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.006), respectively. This significantly faster rate occurred at T1–T2 and T4–T5 time points on the experimental compared to the control side. Canine tipping was also greater in the experimental side, at 3.89<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.19° than in the control side, at 1.80<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.12° (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.03, <em>q</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005). No significant differences were found in maxillary canine rotation, extrusion, or intrusion between the two sides.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of MOPs and I-PRF demonstrated a synergistic effect, significantly accelerating orthodontic tooth movement during maxillary canine retraction within 6 months of a clinical evaluation, but also with a significant tipping movement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of quality of orthodontic treatment and determining factors that affect the quality of finishing in orthodontic graduate clinic using peer assessment rating: A retrospective case-control study study","authors":"Maria A. Ossa ,&nbsp;Katherine Tran ,&nbsp;Sasha Z. Daroga ,&nbsp;Kaylee A. Gomez ,&nbsp;Wei-En Lu ,&nbsp;Ai Ni ,&nbsp;Zongyang Sun ,&nbsp;Henry W. Fields ,&nbsp;Toru Deguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objective of this study was to analyse recently treated orthodontic patients to evaluate the quality of treatment in the graduate orthodontic clinic at the Ohio State University and determine what factors correlate to the how cases are finished.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Models of 229 patients were scored using the peer assessment rating (PAR) index. The cases were divided into groups, well-finished cases, which are those that had a PAR score reduction by at least 22pts or for those that started with a score less than 22pts a final PAR score of 0 and not well-finished cases. Cephalometric data, treatment age, treatment type, treatment time, faculty, payment type, motivation, initial hygiene impression, and failed appointments were recorded. Statistical analyses completed included a multiple logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total percent of cases of improvement in PAR was 45.4%, 48.5%, 6.1% for greatly improved, improved and not improved respectively. The pre-treatment upper and lower anterior alignment, overjet, overbite and midline deviation were significantly related to the quality of treatment outcome (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). The total PAR reduction rate was similar between full-time and part-time teachers, but when categorised, it showed a difference with a decrease by a multiplicative factor of 8.200. However, this statistical difference is not significant after adjustment with other covariates (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.69).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients who start with more upper or lower anterior crowding, overjet, overbite, or midline deviation may be difficult to correct than cases that does not have those characteristics. Also, there may be difference between part- and full-time faculty regarding treatment efficiency in orthodontic graduate clinic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101003"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"En-masse maxillary anterior retraction to close the extraction space with fixed orthodontic appliances: A systematic review","authors":"Ziad M. Montasser ,&nbsp;Andrea Scribante ,&nbsp;Paolo Zampetti ,&nbsp;Mona A. Montasser","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the evidence on the treatment results and patients’ reported outcomes of the en-masse maxillary anterior retraction technique.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Web of Science™, MEDLINE (via PubMed®), and Scopus electronic databases and reference lists of relevant studies were comprehensively searched on September 24, 2024 with no time frame limitation but, with the language limited to English. Randomized clinical trials investigating en-masse retraction in orthodontic patients who needed maxillary first premolars extraction were selected using keywords to search the titles and abstracts before a detailed reading of each full text in the next steps. Primary outcomes included rate, duration, or amount of anterior retraction and anchorage loss while secondary outcomes included positional changes in the anterior and molar teeth, root resorption of the anterior teeth, and patients’ experiences. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool was used for risk of bias and quality assessment of the included studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 257 articles deemed potentially suitable for the review. Removing duplicates, careful reading the titles and abstracts, and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria left 22 articles were included. The risk of bias assessment showed 3, 7, and 12 studies of “high”, “some concerns” or “low” risk of bias respectively. En-masse retraction produced similar incisor retraction and anchorage loss in about half the time needed by the two-step mechanics. Corticotomy, micro-osteoperforation, and low level laser therapy showed positive results for accelerating en-masse retraction. while piezocision and platelet rich plasma did not. Root resorption of the incisors could increase when using mini-screws, especially infra-zygomatic mini-screws.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is need for future RCT on the different outcomes done according to standardized methodologies. Corticotomy, micro-osteoperforation, and low-level laser showed positive results in accelerating en-masse retraction, but the clinical significance remains unclear. Rate of tooth movement was similar in piezocision, platelet-rich plasma, and the control groups. Mini-screws, especially infra-zygomatic mini-screws, increase the chance of root resorption, but the force system arrangement is crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional analysis of the reliability, content and readability of orthodontic retention and retainer informed consent forms","authors":"Maurice J. Meade ,&nbsp;Sven Jensen ,&nbsp;Xiangqun Ju ,&nbsp;David Hunter ,&nbsp;Lisa Jamieson","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of the study was to determine the reliability, quality and readability of content contained within informed consent forms concerning orthodontic retention and retainers provided by orthodontic treatment providers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online search strategy identified informed consent forms for evaluation. The DISCERN instrument was used to determine content reliability. Each form was assessed for the presence of pre-determined content regarding 11 domains. Analysis for quality of the domain content was via a 4-point scoring scale. The Simple Measure of Gobbledegook (SMOG) and the Flesch-Kincaid Grade-Level (FKGL) were employed to determine readability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-four forms satisfied selection criteria. The majority (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->20; 58.8%) were sourced from websites in the US, with most (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->22; 64.7%) from specialist orthodontist websites. The mean (SD) DISCERN score per form was 31.9 (4.5). The mean (SD) number of domains present within each form was 7.76 (1.65). The mean (SD) number of points scored per form was 14.82 (3.01) from a maximum of 33. Information regarding retainer review and relevant potential impacts on quality-of-life was lacking and scored poorly. The requirement for lifetime retention was stated in 25 (73.5%) forms. Forms sourced from specialist orthodontist websites scored higher (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.016) than those sourced from general dentist and multi-disciplinary clinic websites. The median (IQR) SMOG and FKGL scores were 10.11 (9.55) and 9.95 (9.18) respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The reliability and quality of the informed consent forms concerning orthodontic retention and retainers was generally poor. The readability of the forms failed to meet recommended guidelines, meaning that many are likely not to comprehend the information provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the friction resistance of 3D-printed polyurethane orthodontic brackets with and without zirconium oxide nanoparticles with conventional metal and ceramic brackets: An in vitro study","authors":"Srinidhi Ramasundaram,&nbsp;Dilip Srinivasan,&nbsp;Ravi Kannan,&nbsp;Devasahayam Davis","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To compare the frictional resistance of 3D-printed zirconium oxide nanoparticles reinforced polyurethane orthodontic brackets, 3D-printed Polyurethane orthodontic brackets, conventional metal and ceramic brackets in an in vitro environment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Stereolithography was used to 3D print the polymer orthodontic brackets and zirconium oxide-reinforced polymer orthodontic brackets. Conventional metal brackets and conventional ceramic brackets were used as controls. The frictional force between the bracket and the archwire was measured under dry conditions with an Instron universal testing machine with a sliding velocity of 1<!--> <!-->mm/minute and a load cell of 50<!--> <!-->N. The Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc test (Mann-Whitney U test) was used for statistical analyses (significance level <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There is no significant difference observed between 3D-printed zirconium oxide-reinforced polymer orthodontic brackets and 3D-printed polymer orthodontic brackets. The frictional resistance was found to be the least in 3D-printed polyurethane brackets (1.3895<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->0.72583<!--> <!-->N), followed by 3D-printed zirconium oxide-reinforced polyurethane brackets (2.15<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->0.75683<!--> <!-->N), conventional metal brackets (2.348<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->0.82682<!--> <!-->N), and it was highest in conventional ceramic brackets (4.9675<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->0.88519<!--> <!-->N).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The incorporation of zirconium oxide nanoparticles increased the frictional resistance of 3D-printed polymer orthodontic brackets, but it was not statistically significant. Hence, zirconium oxide nanoparticles could be considered as a better reinforcement for polymer brackets for enhanced clinical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of stress distribution and displacement pattern of maxillary expansion in craniomaxillary complex using rapid maxillary expander and maxillary skeletal expander: A finite element model analysis","authors":"Monalisa Goswami,&nbsp;Anshu Sahu,&nbsp;Raghu Ranjan Prasad,&nbsp;Parul Priya,&nbsp;Parul Priya,&nbsp;Shovan Roy,&nbsp;Abhijith A","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A combination of miniscrews and the maxillary skeletal expander (MSE) was created to address potential issues with the traditional rapid maxillary expander (RME). This study was conducted to assess and compare stress distribution and displacement patterns in the craniomaxillary complex during maxillary expansion using Rapid Maxillary Expander (RME) and Maxillary Skeletal Expander (MSE) using 3D Finite Element model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 3D Finite Element model of the craniomaxillary complex, including the maxilla and maxillary dentition, was generated using computer aided design software. Stress distribution and displacement patterns were analysed for both RME and MSE treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that MSE had greater bone displacement, bone stress, teeth displacement, teeth stress, and periodontal displacement and stress compared to RME. In terms of suture displacement, MSE had higher frontonasal suture displacement compared to RME. Teeth displacement showed that central and lateral incisors showed palatal displacement with RME and buccal displacement with MSE, while canine, premolars, and molars all showed greater buccal displacement with MSE compared to RME along the transverse axis. Central incisor displacement was observed in the extrusion direction with RME, while it was in the intrusion direction with MSE. In terms of teeth stress, MSE treatment resulted in higher stress on the central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, premolars, and molars compared to RME treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Overall, MSE exhibited greater bone displacement, stress, and suture displacement/stress compared to RME. Additionally, MSE induced different tooth displacement patterns with higher stress on teeth compared to RME. These findings suggest differences in treatment outcomes and biomechanical effects between the two expansion methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root symmetry between homologous upper incisors in non-orthodontic patients: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Antuanet Eymy Ñaupari-Gonzales ,&nbsp;Vania Miriam Medina-Huaringa ,&nbsp;Heraldo Luis Dias- Da Silveira ,&nbsp;Yalil Augusto Rodríguez-Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.101000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the symmetry in length, shape, and root dilaceration between homologous upper incisors of non-orthodontic patients using digital panoramic radiographs (DPR).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 200 DPR obtained from a private radiology centre in Lima, Peru. All successive patients meeting the eligibility criteria were included from January to August 2024 (86 men and 114 women, 27.84<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.69<!--> <!-->years and 28.52<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.38 respectively). Eight hundred upper incisors were examined, divided equally into upper central incisors (UCI) (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->400) and upper lateral incisors (ULI) (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->400). The dental imaging software Blue Sky Plan 4.13.35 was utilized to evaluate root length (as a ratio), root shape (using the Albrecht classification), and root dilaceration (according to the Chohayeb classification) while comparing homologous upper incisors. For statistical analysis, weighted Kappa tests and binary logistic regression were employed, with the significance level set at <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 200 radiographs, root length symmetry was observed in 192 patients (96%) for UCI and in 185 patients (92.5%) for ULI. Additionally, root shape symmetry was found in 171 patients (85.5%) for UCI and in 124 patients (62%) for ULI. Regarding dilaceration symmetry, 198 patients (99%) showed symmetry for UCI, while 188 patients (94%) did so for ULI. The multivariate analysis indicated that the male sex was more likely to exhibit root shape symmetry in upper lateral incisors (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.033).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Most homologous upper incisors display symmetry regarding root length, shape, and dilaceration. However, this symmetry is more prevalent in central than lateral incisors, in which the root shapes may differ between homologous teeth. Orthodontists should consider these findings in their practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 101000"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D analysis of morphological changes, maxillary central incisor–incisive canal relationship, and root resorption in subjects with maxillary incisors protrusion who underwent non-extraction fixed appliance therapy considering demographic and skeletal factors: A retrospective study","authors":"Remsh Khaled Al-Rokhami ,&nbsp;Hongzheng Gu ,&nbsp;Xiaobao Dang ,&nbsp;Zhihua Li ,&nbsp;Sadam Ahmed Elayah ,&nbsp;Xing Zhao ,&nbsp;Karim Ahmed Sakran","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To assess changes in the morphology and relationship between the maxillary central incisor and incisive canal (U1-IC) and estimate root resorption following non-extraction orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, based on sex, age, and skeletal sagittal and facial classifications.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>All patients treated with maxillary incisors retraction using fixed appliances without extraction between 2015 and 2023 and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Measurements, including IC width, root-IC distance, cortical bone width (CBW), IC height, and root resorption, were taken before (T1) and after (T2) treatment at specified heights (H1, H2, and H3; 2<!--> <!-->mm, 4<!--> <!-->mm, and 6<!--> <!-->mm above the labial cementoenamel junction of U1).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample included 44 patients (88 maxillary central incisors), with 18 males, 26 females, 27 teenagers, and 17 adults. Of these, 10 were Class I, 34 Class II, 7 low facial, 27 average facial, and 10 high facial groups. Significant reductions were observed in IC width, CBW, root-IC distance, and U1 length/width after treatment, across sexes, age groups, sagittal classes, and facial groups, particularly at most heights. Class II subjects showed greater reductions in U1 root-IC distance, length, and width compared to Class I. The average root resorption was 1.01<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.68<!--> <!-->mm post-treatment, with higher resorption in males (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.004), Class II (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), and low facial groups (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.007). The post-treatment U1-IC relationship showed the highest rates of approximation (68.2%) at the H2 and H3 levels, while contact and invasion rates were highest at the H1 level (13.6% and 9.1%, respectively). U1 tooth movement, U1 length, IC height, and ABO index were significant predictors of a negative U1-IC relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maxillary incisors retraction during fixed orthodontic treatment impacts the U1-IC relationship and root resorption, with variations across demographic and skeletal groups, underscoring the importance of considering individual anatomical and skeletal factors in treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of soft tissue facial changes in patients 7–11 years of age with and without maxillary expansion utilizing CBCTs and 3D facial scans: A preliminary study","authors":"Nafisa Molla ,&nbsp;Heesoo Oh ,&nbsp;Giseon Heo ,&nbsp;Raisa Catunda ,&nbsp;Manuel Lagravère","doi":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ortho.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effects of maxillary expansion over a period of 12 months on facial soft tissue measurements in children aged 7–11 years with a maxillary transverse deficiency of at least 5<!--> <!-->mm or bilateral posterior crossbite, utilizing both CBCTs and 3D facial scans, by comparison to a control group.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Data was collected from 32 patients and consisted of two groups: control and treatment (Hyrax expansion via RME, 1 turn/day). Each patient in each group underwent CBCTs, 3D facial scans and hand-wrist radiographs at two time points: pre-treatment (T0), and after the completion of expansion at post-retention (T1, 12 months). CBCTs were assessed using 3D Slicer software and 3D facial scans were assessed using OrthoInsight 3D software. The soft tissue measurements evaluated included the following: alar width, alar base width, mouth width, philtrum width, nasal tip prominence, nasolabial angle, upper lip to E-line, lower lip to E-line, upper lip height, height of vermillion of upper lip, lower lip height, height of nose, lower facial height and intercanthal width. Statistical analysis included intra- and inter-rater variability, measurement error calculation and MANOVA tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From a total of 32 patients with two sets of imaging records, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups over the one-year observation. However, when comparing the two modalities utilized in this study (CBCT imaging and 3D facial scanning), the correlation was not as optimal for specific outcome variables such as alar base width and intercanthal width, potentially due to anatomic, imaging protocols and patient related factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that the children in both groups experienced similar facial soft tissue changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":45449,"journal":{"name":"International Orthodontics","volume":"23 3","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}