Journal of Urban Management最新文献

{"title":"Equality in education, synchronous enrolment policy and housing prices of school districts: Based on the experience of Hangzhou","authors":"Chuanhao Tian ,&nbsp;Yu Teng ,&nbsp;Wenjun Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Housing is the major way for Hangzhou residents to access public primary and secondary education resources. The implementation of educational equalization policies will impact housing prices, especially school district housing prices. This paper focuses on the synchronous enrollment policy, which requires both public and private schools to enroll students simultaneously, thus changing the enrollment strategies for students and parents. Using the 2019 implementation of the synchronous enrollment policy in Hangzhou primary schools as a natural experiment, the difference-in-differences and quantile regression models were employed to estimate the capitalization of this policy and its heterogeneity. The results indicate that the policy leads to an appreciation of school district housing prices, with a stronger effect on the housing prices of elite public school districts. To achieve educational equalization, the government must formulate supporting policies to ensure internal balance in public schools and simultaneously create sufficient high-quality educational resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000894/pdfft?md5=7da8c29b276f33d9e511636ad604d162&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000894-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138525757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canada's leadership and housing affordability: Evidence from the Canadian real estate market","authors":"Bayan Yousef Farhan","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to investigate the housing affordability crisis and if Canada's political leadership is part of the problem or part of the solution. Convergent parallel design was conducted to understand a research problem. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected to examine the research argument and to answer the research questions of who benefits from the existing housing situation and how the situation influences young Canadians. The results show that both government and bankers benefit from the existing shortage of residential property. While bankers work in their arena with the incentive to generate income and increase profit through facilitating mortgages, Canada's leadership at all levels regulates the real estate market with no incentive to improve the existing shortage. Offering affordable homes for Canadians is a government responsibility, but one that conflicts with other governments interests. Affordable houses require more focus on the supply side of the market to reduce the shortage, which conflicts with government's goal of generating more tax revenue since property tax is linked directly to real estate market prices. The study results show that Canada's leadership potential conflict of interest cannot be ignored and the challenge of high residential property prices creates a problem of brain drain among young Canadians. The Canadian government needs to work to increase the supply of residential property through new policies that encourage development and investment in new home construction. Canada, as the second largest country in the world by area, can mitigate this problem if the government were generous in offering lands for new development programs and removing current restrictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000882/pdfft?md5=3254813056debb4f64144a06713d3f25&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000882-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138525838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial preferences of small and medium knowledge based enterprises in Tehran new business area","authors":"Seyed Saman Habibi ,&nbsp;Sahar Nedae Tousi ,&nbsp;Farshid Aram ,&nbsp;Amirhosein Mosavi","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent decades, there has been a growing emphasis on the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as a significant driver of economic growth and enhancer of competitiveness. They constitute an estimated 90% of the total population of businesses, and contribute significantly, up to 40% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in emerging markets. Furthermore, these enterprises yield a fundamental function in cultivating job prospects, offering employment to approximately half of the worldwide labor force. However, SMEs often face unique challenges related to their size and resources, including accessing finance, developing new products and services, and identifying optimal locations for their businesses. This study seeks to address the latter issue by analyzing the spatial preferences of small and medium knowledge-based enterprises in Tehran's new business area, utilizing the spatial analyst tools by GIS. The research methodology employed in this study is non-experimental in character. It involves the distribution of a social survey to proprietors of SMEs in order to ascertain the key criteria they prioritize when selecting a location for their business. For the purpose of achieving the objective, a conceptual-operational model was developed, comprising four index categories. These categories are delineated as the personal motivations of the entrepreneur, the characteristics of the internal business environment, the spatial environment surrounding the business, and the institutional factors shaping the space. These components constitute critical determinants of the proposed model. The chosen variables were subjected to spatial analysis, and a business environment assistance map was developed in four zones. Following thorough analysis, the northwestern part of the area under consideration has been identified as the optimal zone, and subsequent recommendations for appropriate strategies have been proposed. The study culminated by offering suggestions for improvement, consisting of the implementation of a contextually-oriented model pertaining to new Iranian business improvement districts (BIDs) as a means of augmenting the status of SMEs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000699/pdfft?md5=b50ccd37e8789f8dcedf5b7719ecc83d&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000699-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135509972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A theory of urbanization","authors":"Shih-Kung Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000717/pdfft?md5=5e03bd5dd4687fad74e177effca61990&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000717-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136686970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond streets: The role of alleys in Abu Dhabi's and Dubai's network systems","authors":"Asim Khanal ,&nbsp;Rawan Sohdy Abdelfattah ,&nbsp;Khaled Alawadi ,&nbsp;Ngoc Hong Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The network system is defined as the combination of streets and alleys. Although the potential of alleys in complementing street networks is acknowledged, the topic has not received a considerable attention in urban planning practice and scholarship. This paper evaluates alleys’ role in the combined street-alley networks by calculating Information Centrality, a metric in Multiple Centrality Assessment (MCA). The combined network of streets and alleys in thirteen neighborhoods of Abu Dhabi and Dubai have been studied. Findings indicate that alleys may or may not contribute to increment of network efficiency. Generally, the contribution of alleys to efficiency is more significant if the corresponding street network has low efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000705/pdfft?md5=586cf39bf649fb0116046fc3d8544f50&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000705-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135371399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topic evolution in urban studies: Tracking back and moving forward","authors":"Hao Han,&nbsp;Chen Shen,&nbsp;Kaiqin Li,&nbsp;Alfred Tat-Kei Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study is a bibliometric analysis of urban studies publications from 2001 to 2021 that unravels the evolution and growing complexity of the field. Although developed regions still dominate and lead this area of inquiry, urban studies led by Asian scholars have increased dramatically over the last decade. There is also topic diffusion from developed regions to less-developed regions despite some unique emphases within each region caused by their local socio-economic-ecological contexts. Climate change adaptation and sustainable development, inequality, and urban governance are receiving growing attention globally. The findings suggest the rising importance of cross-continent knowledge transfer and multi-disciplinary collaboration, particularly among urban studies, sustainability policies and management, public administration, and development studies. Also, urban researchers need to pay more attention to issues faced by many growing cities in developing economies in Asia and Africa as more of the world's population will reside in those urban settings in the coming decades.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000687/pdfft?md5=e12fcb3b1d93aeca56a3fd27467fdc83&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000687-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136745260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Alrend Roy Peterson Kaputing,&nbsp;Dani Pasaribu,&nbsp;Fandi Rahanra","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000663/pdfft?md5=a4a8b6c2ea8f60ba1d44864c9c6ab088&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000663-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"109220014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scenario analyses to reach smart sustainability in Tehran","authors":"Afshar Hatami ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Sasanpour ,&nbsp;Haniyeh Asadzadeh ,&nbsp;P.M. van Bodegom","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 21st century presents significant challenges to humanity, encompassing rapid urbanization, population expansion, as well as socio-economic, physical, and environmental stressors. In order to establish an ideal equilibrium between economic advancement and environmental preservation within contemporary and prospective urban areas, the Smart Sustainable City (SCC) approach becomes imperative. In this paper, our objective is to introduce the concept of the SCC and to examine potential scenarios that facilitate the realization of such an approach. Tehran, the capital of Iran, has encountered numerous challenges akin to those mentioned over the past fifty years, rendering it a pertinent case study for our investigative pursuits. Structural analysis tool (MICMAC) in this research as a method for futures studies used to exposes how a variable is influenced by and reliant on other variables by analyzing all the interactions within the city system. This paper suggests novel approach to MICMAC which promotes driving forces to scenarios. This helps in particular with SSC implementation and shows the consequences of not developing driving forces for the system by scenarios. Hence, the suggested approach might also be regarded as a novel addition to the field of futures studies. For this purpose, we evaluated the various factors that were most important for environmental sustainability and SSC implementation in Tehran. The results of this study indicate that Network-Based Services Providers, Application of Smart Social Services, Employing Smart Managers and Electronic backup management system by ICT Tools are driving forces which indicates the crucial influence of them in the implementation of SSC in Tehran. These driving forces were subsequently incorporated in three scenarios for 2030 being Smart Sustainable Tehran, Unregulated Tehran and Analog and Depleting Tehran.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000675/pdfft?md5=f0f1daf084d92c6db9ad1b51cfbc7e7a&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000675-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"109194105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human mobility and energy: How do human mobility and energy affect urban policy and planning?","authors":"Ehsan Dorostkar ,&nbsp;Mahsa Najarsadeghi ,&nbsp;Mehrnaz Molavi ,&nbsp;Nader Zali","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Among the essential factors for improving the quality of life are many things, of which the category of energy and its distribution is one. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between human mobility and energy consumption at the Iranian provincial level. By determining this relationship, we can determine the importance of the energy distribution pattern and human mobility, and based on this, formulate urban planning strategies and conduct urban management. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of energy consumption and distribution in Iran based on human mobility and evaluate its impact on the neighboring and national regions of Iran. The period of this study is based on the 15-year data of the country collected in 2021. The research method of factor analysis is linear regression calculation and spatial regression calculation that leads to the desired analysis map. Then, the analysis of the centrality of human mobility and the radius of human mobility is presented. For this purpose, the relationship between human mobility and energy consumption in electricity, oil and gas was studied, analyzing Iran with 31 provinces. It was found that the provinces of Iran are divided into different categories in terms of the relationship between human mobility and the movement of people with energy consumption. In these categories, Tehran, as the capital of Iran, was at the highest level, provinces with significant national industries were second, and provinces with a lot of tourism were third. Finally, it was found that most of the energy consumption was spent on people's mobility in the central and northwestern parts of Iran. This indicates the lack of development in the east of Iran.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000638/pdfft?md5=adf5dfd0604af275eeab9eb70610f206&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000638-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"109194106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does low urban density increase municipal expenditure? Population density as a performance target for compact city planning in Japan","authors":"Takashi Miyauchi,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Setoguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jum.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In depopulating cities, vacant houses and lots are common throughout the urban area, creating low-density urban areas that can lead to inefficiencies in public services and financial deterioration for municipalities. However, despite some studies demonstrating the relationship between population density and public expenditure, no generalized conclusion regarding the essential effect of reducing public expenditure has been reached. Consequently, no method for rationally setting a population density as a performance target for municipalities when developing compact city planning has been established. Thus, this study used the cross-sectional data from Japanese municipalities and the exponentiation regression equation, to determine the strong relationship between population density and per-person public expenditure (PPPE). The findings are particularly noteworthy for municipalities that grew under a nationwide uniform city planning and accounting system, as they provide valuable insights into the generalization of the public expenditure reduction effect. Furthermore, this study developed a method using the exponentiation regression equation, which demonstrated an L-shaped trajectory indicating that PPPE increases at an accelerating rate when population density falls below a certain threshold. Municipalities can evaluate the efficiency of public expenditure simply by applying their population density to the regression equation. They can also verify population density as a performance target. Furthermore, this study revealed the turning point of population density at which the acceleration in the increase in PPPE begins, implying that municipalities can expect a grace period until the turning point.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45131,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2226585623000651/pdfft?md5=e8ea56e1e1fafcaa91ace775feb120ab&pid=1-s2.0-S2226585623000651-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136744857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}