IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science最新文献

{"title":"Electron Beam Welding of the HTS Current Lead for the ITER Feeder","authors":"Jianguo Ma;Jia Tao;Zhenfei Liu;Chen Liu;Liming Peng;Wei Wen;Le Yang;Xiaowei Xia;Jiefeng Wu;Rui Wang;Zhihong Liu","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3495636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3495636","url":null,"abstract":"The high-temperature superconducting (HTS) current lead is one of the core components of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) magnet feeder system. Due to high-quality requirements, electron beam welding (EBW) was chosen to weld the room temperature terminal, the finned heat exchanger, and the HTS segment. The short mock-up was created to assess the performance of the welded joints. The analysis of macroscopic morphology and microstructure indicates that the welded joint of the short mock-up appeared to be free of visible defects. The tensile strength of the welded samples ranges from 185 to 208 MPa, which is higher than the design requirement of 150 MPa. The side bending test also shows no open discontinuity of the samples. Additionally, the thermal shock test was carried out. The dye penetrant test and the ultrasonic test after thermal shock shows that there are no obvious defects inside or on the surface of the weld seam. Furthermore, the leakage rate of the welded sample measured in the helium tightness leak test was <inline-formula> <tex-math>$2.2times 10^{-10}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Pa<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m3/s, indicating no cracks detected in the joints in the joints. The same parameters were also used for the welding of the long mock-up equipped with fins. The maximum temperature during the welding process does not go over the prescribed limit. The actual HTS current lead was welded, and its performance was evaluated, based on the welding experiments of mock-ups. The welding quality of the HTS current lead was confirmed by all test results.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 11","pages":"5451-5456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guest Editorial Special Issue on Pulsed Power Science and Technology","authors":"Jacob Stephens;Tom Huiskamp;Weihua Jiang;Chunqi Jiang;Ravi Joshi","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3495352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3495352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4234-4234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10786887","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blank Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3504897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3504897","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"C4-C4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10786898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Electrical Discharges in Vacuum","authors":"Yasunori Tanaka;Eiji Kaneko;Akiko Kumada;Hiroki Kojima;Yuki Inada;Yasushi Yamano","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3487346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3487346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4362-4364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10786897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shock Waves of the Electric Field—Part 2: Experimental Studies of Vysikayl’s Jumps and Plasma Nozzles in Plasma With Current","authors":"Philipp I. Vysikaylo","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3505256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3505256","url":null,"abstract":"In our works, we prove that the cumulation (self-focusing) of charged particles in a plasma (with current) is a universal property of cumulative-dissipative structures (CDSs) with characteristic sizes from <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10^{-15}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10^{27}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> m. The basis of such cumulation is the self-formation of electric field shock waves. Earlier (in Part 1) we proved that the electric field (in a gas-discharge plasma with current) behaves as an additional (to the concentrations of charged particles) component of the plasma. Therefore, both drift profiles and diffusion jumps (sharper discontinuities) should be observed in the plasma, analogs of ordinary Mach shock waves or magnetic field shock waves described by Sagdeev. In electric field shock waves, the pressure is created by the electric field (E) pressure—<inline-formula> <tex-math>$P_{text {E}}sim E^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/<inline-formula> <tex-math>$8pi $ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Electric field shock waves were first predicted by the author in 1985. The author claims that these standing shock waves focus structures (in a plasma with current) by ambipolar drifts caused by the nonlinearity of the processes of transport of charged particles of the plasma. In this article, we will dwell in detail on the experimental studies of 3-D self-forming plasma cumulative-dissipative Vysikaylo’s structures in gas-discharge plasma. By comparison with experiments, we prove that it is necessary to take into account the violation of electrical neutrality (Poisson’s equation for the electric field) in gas-discharge plasma with current. In this part 2, we will use photographs and double probes to study the self-formation of inhomogeneous 3-D structures (plasmoids) due to the interference of ambipolar drift and gas pumping in inhomogeneous plasma using a local ionizer. For this purpose, we preliminarily locally disturbed the homogeneous plasma in the gas-discharge tube with a beam of fast electrons. This leads to self-formation of local: 1) shock waves of the electric field (a monolayer of positive space charge with jumps of the electric field), stopped by pumping gas (on one side of the fast electron beam); 2) transient 3-D profiles; and 3) Vysikaylo’s plasma nozzles in quasi-neutral homogeneous plasma (on the other side of the beam disturbing the plasma). Based on laboratory experiments and theoretical studies of gas-discharge plasma, we prove that the ambipolar drift caused by different dependences of the electron and positive ion mobility in a simple plasma (with one type of ions) determines the dynamic processes of cumulation (self-focusing) and the formation of 3-D shock waves of the electric field due to the violation of electrical neutrality in electropositive gases.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 11","pages":"5306-5314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Excitation Current Pre-Charge Time Adjustment of Output Current Waveform for Pulsed Alternator Based on Backpropagation Neural Network","authors":"Yingjie Chen;Wenchao Li;Youlong Wang;Chen Chen;Qi Li","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3506925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3506925","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a method based on backpropagation (BP) neural network is proposed to adjust the output current waveform by adjusting the excitation current pre-charge time online. The discharge controller adjusts the output current waveform of the pulsed alternator by automatically modifying the excitation current pre-charge time according to the different current waveform requirements of the load. First, the characteristics of the pulsed alternator in the pulse separate excitation mode are analyzed, and the intrinsic characteristics of the excitation circuit are highlighted. Subsequently, based on the strong nonlinear relationship between different excitation current pre-charge time and their corresponding output pulse waveforms, a BP neural network model is constructed, mapping the output pulse waveform indices to the excitation current pre-charge time. Second, a 3-D field-circuit coupling finite element model of the pulsed alternator is established, and suitable samples for neural network training are collected using this model, facilitating the training of the neural network. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified through experimental research conducted on a prototype platform of the pulsed alternator.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 11","pages":"5376-5384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blank Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3506373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3506373","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"C4-C4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10786896","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Member ad suite","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3511216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3511216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4231-4231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10786873","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Access","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3511218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3511218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4232-4232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10786892","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drive Circuit Study of Energy Recovery for Reluctance Coil Launcher","authors":"Yadong Zhang;Ao Zhou;Wu Wen;Senlin Dong;Zhiqiang Sun","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3502419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3502419","url":null,"abstract":"The reluctance coil launcher relies on the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field formed by the pulsed current in the drive coil to propel the ferromagnetic armature to accelerate. However, during the launching process of the reluctance coil launcher, the armature is subjected to the reverse drag force generated by the coil current after passing through the center position of the coil, which leads to a decrease in the speed of the armature and the efficiency of the launcher. In order to cut off the coil current at the right time, reduce the drag force effect on the armature, and recover the excess energy, this article proposes two circuit topologies for recovering the residual energy, in which the Type 1 energy recovery circuit can recover the energy of the residual current into the capacitor to save power for the next launch and the Type 2 energy recovery circuit improved based on the Type 1 circuit structure can realize that the energy recovered from the previous stage can be used for discharging the subsequent coils. Based on the simulation results, experiments of a two-stage reluctance coil launcher are carried out to validate the feasibility of the energy recovery circuit topologies. The results show that the Type 1 energy recovery circuit increases the efficiency of the original launcher from 7.16% to 10.36% and can recover 10 J of energy to the capacitors. The Type 2 energy recovery circuit has an efficiency of 10.49% and recovers 36.524 J and the Type 2 energy recovery circuit therein, based on the recovery of excess energy, uses that portion of the energy in the next stage of the launch process instead of retaining it until the next launch process, further improving the launch efficiency. The above results provide a new reference for improving the efficiency of the reluctance coil launcher using the circuit topology approach.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 11","pages":"5468-5477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142993772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}