IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science最新文献_第4页

A Ka-Band Radial Beam Oscillator With Phase-Velocity Tapering 具有相位速度渐变功能的 Ka 波段径向波束振荡器

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3479722

Atif Jameel;Zhanliang Wang;Jibran Latif;Muhammad Khawar Nadeem;Bilawal Ali;Huarong Gong;Qiang Hu;Asif Mehmood Khan;Yubin Gong

{"title":"A Ka-Band Radial Beam Oscillator With Phase-Velocity Tapering","authors":"Atif Jameel;Zhanliang Wang;Jibran Latif;Muhammad Khawar Nadeem;Bilawal Ali;Huarong Gong;Qiang Hu;Asif Mehmood Khan;Yubin Gong","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3479722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3479722","url":null,"abstract":"This research article presents a high-power radial oscillator in the Ka-band equipped with a radial sheet electron beam. Radial beam devices outperform traditional devices by offering more extensive interaction spaces and reduced space charge effects. This advantage eliminates the necessity for external magnetic fields, efficiently solving the efficiency issues. The design parameters of the presented device for efficient operation in \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$pi $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 mode within the Ka-band frequency spectrum are identified through numerical analysis. The baseline model with a constant period is simulated using particle-in-cell (PIC) solver, and importantly, without an external magnetic field. The simulation features a radial beam cathode with an emission area of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2pi times 107.5times 0.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 mm, generating a current density of 444.37 A/cm2. At 160- and 170-kV beam voltage, the device achieves efficiencies of 31.05% and 38.5%, with peak powers of 104.3 and 137.8 MW, respectively, while maintaining stable signal frequencies around 34.6 and 34.62 GHz. The baseline model’s performance is further enhanced through various phase-velocity tapering techniques, including linear, exponential, and logarithmic methods. The impact of these velocity tapering approaches on beam-wave interaction is analyzed. Linear tapering, in particular, improves output power to 190.61 MW and efficiency to 53.39%, exceeding the constant period model’s 137.8 MW power and 38.5% efficiency. Although exponential and logarithmic methods also boost efficiency, they are less effective than the linear approach. These tapering techniques lead to minor frequency shifts, indicating their structural influence on the oscillator’s performance.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4544-4552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transverse Tritium Engineering and Tritium Integration Across the EU DEMO Project

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3401869

Barry Butler;Adam Cooper;Christian Day

{"title":"Transverse Tritium Engineering and Tritium Integration Across the EU DEMO Project","authors":"Barry Butler;Adam Cooper;Christian Day","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3401869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3401869","url":null,"abstract":"Progressing the design of the EU DEMO power plant increasingly requires an integrated approach as the project progresses, to ensure that interfaces are coherent and to identify potential tritium-related conflicts between different parts of the program. Thus, the function of transverse tritium engineering has been created in the DEMO Central Team Design work package. In this conference proceeding, a brief introduction to the DEMO organization and those parts of the project that are tritium related will be highlighted—these extend beyond the obvious tritium breeding and fuel cycle areas, to areas such as balance of plant and remote maintenance, all underpinned by a strong relationship with the safety and environment function. The transverse tritium engineering activity ensures that tritium is considered in all relevant design sprints and work packages and provides awareness of the issues relating to the use of tritium to those unfamiliar with the field. Driven by considerations such as tritium and HTO toxicity, tritium scarcity, and waste and decommissioning factors, four core tritium design principles have been derived to drive the best practice and awareness across the project. These are: 1) tritium inventory minimization; 2) tritium confinement; 3) tritium management and control; and 4) minimization of the use of other hydrogen isotopes. To identify where tritium should be considered during design activities, the pathways taken by tritium through an operational reactor are identified—both intended and unwanted. In addition, the entire life cycle of EU DEMO is considered. Integration between work packages is facilitated by the creation of interface identification documents in conjunction with system engineering to establish parameters such as mass balances and the establishment of trade budgets for important parameters affecting multiple work packages, such as tritium inventories and tritium release limits.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"3593-3599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10741044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remote Handling Control System and Operations of Vacuum-Compatible In-Vessel Inspection System

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3463714

Naveen Rastogi;Manoah Stephen;Krishan Kumar Gotewal;Ravi Ranjan Kumar;Jignesh Chauhan;Pramit Dutta;Dilip Raval;Yuvakiran Paravastu;Siju George

{"title":"Remote Handling Control System and Operations of Vacuum-Compatible In-Vessel Inspection System","authors":"Naveen Rastogi;Manoah Stephen;Krishan Kumar Gotewal;Ravi Ranjan Kumar;Jignesh Chauhan;Pramit Dutta;Dilip Raval;Yuvakiran Paravastu;Siju George","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3463714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3463714","url":null,"abstract":"The plasma-facing components (PFCs) in a tokamak require periodic in-service inspection to allow for the detection of any damage or wear due to the exposure to the high heat flux and plasma radiations so that repairs or replacement can be made before the damage becomes severe. The inspections must be done without breaking the ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) to maintain the machine availability. An in-vessel inspection system (IVIS) compatible to vacuum and high temperature has been developed for the in-service inspection of tokamaks. The IVIS is compatible to 8e−8 mbar vacuum and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$100~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000C temperature. The system consists of a 5-DOF articulated arm with a reach of up to 4 m to deploy inside the vacuum vessel carrying a vision device as a payload. It is mounted on a linear guide with a storage vacuum chamber (SVC) connected to the radial port of tokamak through a vacuum gate valve. The IVIS arm consists of 05 revolute joints based on vacuum-compatible brushless dc motors with specially lubricated gearboxes and UHV-compatible multiturn absolute encoders. The IVIS system is controlled remotely using a closed-loop virtual reality (VR)-based monitoring and control system. The IVIS control system is built on CAN-Open network architecture and includes high-precision servo drives with position feedback from Hall sensors and absolute encoders. During initial testing, the position repeatability of ±2 mm has been achieved. The system can also be adapted for inspection and maintenance in any large system with challenging environment such as vacuum, temperature, and narrow spaces. This article presents in detail the IVIS control system design and test results.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"3930-3935"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on Triggering Failure Test Criterion and the Law of ‘Touch-Through’ Characteristics of Gas Switch Plasma Jet 气体开关等离子射流触发失效测试标准和 "触穿 "特性规律研究

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3450505

Bingbing Dong;Yan Meng;Zhiyuan Guo

{"title":"Study on Triggering Failure Test Criterion and the Law of ‘Touch-Through’ Characteristics of Gas Switch Plasma Jet","authors":"Bingbing Dong;Yan Meng;Zhiyuan Guo","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3450505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3450505","url":null,"abstract":"The jet plasma triggered gas gap switch has the advantages of fast response and simple structure. It may meet the requirements for fast fault removal and isolation of the converter branch of hybrid high-voltage dc circuit breakers used in multiterminal flexible dc power grids. However, there is still insufficient research on the influence of trigger circuit parameters on the gas switch touch characteristics under high injection energy. The research on methods for improving triggering life and triggering failure criteria that consider multiple factors is not yet clear. A research platform for the triggering life of gas gap switches has been established for this purpose. The results indicate that the degradation of triggering cavity performance is the main reason for the failure of gas gap switch triggering. Increasing the charging voltage and capacitance value of the pulse capacitor can shorten the conduction time interval of the secondary cavity. Simultaneously increasing the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor can improve the plasma injection capability. There are two triggering failure states for gas gap switches. One is that the gas switch enters a weak triggering state, and the plasma jet from the primary cavity cannot “ignite” the secondary cavity to establish the main discharge circuit. The second reason is that the secondary cavity jet plasma cannot induce the high-voltage electrode discharge of the gas gap switch. Increasing the voltage value of the energy storage capacitor in the triggering circuit can effectively reduce the discharge delay jitter, but the impact on the lifespan improvement can be ignored. By increasing the charging voltage of the pulse capacitor in a stepped manner, the triggering life and touch stability can be significantly improved. The research results can provide theoretical reference and engineering application guidance for the triggering failure judgment and life improvement methods of gas gap switches.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4589-4597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Mixed Hydrodynamic Lubrication Model for Armature-Rail Interface Considering Surface Contact Characteristics 考虑表面接触特性的电枢-导轨界面混合流体力学润滑模型

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3476344

Zexi Xing;Jian Wang;Hongjian Li;Jianzhao Zhu;Zhiyun Han;Hanwen Ren;Qingmin Li

{"title":"A Mixed Hydrodynamic Lubrication Model for Armature-Rail Interface Considering Surface Contact Characteristics","authors":"Zexi Xing;Jian Wang;Hongjian Li;Jianzhao Zhu;Zhiyun Han;Hanwen Ren;Qingmin Li","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3476344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3476344","url":null,"abstract":"The operational environment characterized by ultrahigh-speed friction in electromagnetic launching causes the armature with a low melting point to melt. A portion of the liquid film is transferred onto the guideway, thereby elevating the interface roughness. This phenomenon leads to the destabilization of the liquid phase, rendering it incapable of fulfilling the necessary lubrication functions. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the mechanism of interface roughness on the state of the liquid film. This study integrates electromagnetic-stress-fluid multiphysical field coupling conditions and develops a mixed hydrodynamic lubrication model that incorporates the dynamic pressure effect, roughness characteristics, and elastic deformation. The research investigates the impact of varying roughness magnitude and asperity surface patterns on the interfacial pressure, liquid film thickness, load-bearing capacity, and friction coefficient of the armature rail (A/R) contact. Furthermore, the mixed lubrication contact mechanism at the A/R interface is analyzed. The results show that the transverse interface texture and minimal roughness can enhance the thickness distribution and pressure-bearing capacity of the metal liquid film. This effect reduces the probability of direct interface contact, mitigates the transition phenomenon resulting from interfacial liquid film rupture, and consequently extends the operational lifespan of the electromagnetic launch rail.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4717-4726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neutronics Analysis of Shielding Material Alternative to Tungsten Carbide in the FESS-FNSF Facility 对 FESS-FNSF 设施中碳化钨屏蔽材料替代品的中子学分析

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3477551

Marina Rizk;Nicholas R. Brown;G. Ivan Maldonado

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Hole and Slot, Slot, Vane, and Rising Sun Anode Structures of the Magnetron

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3483901

Patibandla Anilkumar;Dobbidi Pamu;Tapeshwar Tiwari

{"title":"Optimization of Hole and Slot, Slot, Vane, and Rising Sun Anode Structures of the Magnetron","authors":"Patibandla Anilkumar;Dobbidi Pamu;Tapeshwar Tiwari","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3483901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3483901","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetron, a high-power microwave active device within the realm of vacuum tubes, involves the modeling of anode structures such as hole and slot, slot, vane, and rising sun configurations through mathematical expressions. Eigenmode and strap analyses are conducted to determine the most suitable strapping method for each anode block. The equivalent circuit approach is compared with the simulation design and results with a negligible relative difference. Designing the magnetron with empirical equations alone proves impractical, necessitating an optimization approach. The backtracking search algorithm (BSA) emerges as a popular optimization tool capable of efficiently determining precise design parameters within minutes. BSA’s effectiveness is corroborated through validation against the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, demonstrating closely aligned results. Additionally, a parametric analysis is executed on all design parameters to elucidate their impact on inductance, capacitance, and operating frequency. The simplicity and accuracy of these optimization tools empower designers to craft vacuum devices with greater ease and precision.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4739-4747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adjustable Width Solid-State PFN Pulse Generation Using a Recyclable Energy Circuit 使用可循环能源电路生成可调宽度固态 PFN 脉冲

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3480968

Yuxin Hao;Hao Zhou;Song Qiu;Qingxiang Liu

{"title":"Adjustable Width Solid-State PFN Pulse Generation Using a Recyclable Energy Circuit","authors":"Yuxin Hao;Hao Zhou;Song Qiu;Qingxiang Liu","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3480968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3480968","url":null,"abstract":"Pulsed power technology, with its trend toward compactness, flexibility, energy sustain-ability and adjust-ability, is the cornerstone of high-power microwave (HPM) system. Exploring and improving the generation of adjustable rectangular wave pulses is the key to this technology. This article presents an recyclable and adjustable pulsewidth solid-state Blumlein pulse-forming network (BPFN) pulse generation which consists a BPFN circuit, a recyclable circuit, and a chopper switch. The recyclable circuit is utilized to recycle oscillation energy generated by chopper switch and is ready to be released for further utilization. By controlling the switch-on time of chopper switch after the main switch switched on, the pulsewidth is able to be adjusted. The pulsewidth of output wave of our proposed circuit can be adjusted flexibly, energy recycle efficiency is up to 97%, and its wave process is verified by simulation. In addition, the pulse power evaluation circuit board is built to demonstrate its performance. The experimental results show that the pulsewidth can be adjusted from 0.3 to \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1.2~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 s with the output voltage of 800 V. The oscillation energy produced by chopping can be recovered, with recovery efficiencies of 2.91%, 8.03%, 26.69%, and 43.08% corresponding to pulse widths of 1.2, 1, and \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.4~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 s, and fully recovery, respectively.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4630-4638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial Editor-in-Chief Transition 编辑主编过渡

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3412532

Edl Schamiloglu

引用次数: 0

Investigation in Forced Shifts of Current on the Dynamic Armature and Rail Interface

IF 1.3 4区物理与天体物理

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3481051

Jinghan Xu;Shengguo Xia;Anbang Gu;Lixue Chen;Chengxian Li;Hongdan Yang

{"title":"Investigation in Forced Shifts of Current on the Dynamic Armature and Rail Interface","authors":"Jinghan Xu;Shengguo Xia;Anbang Gu;Lixue Chen;Chengxian Li;Hongdan Yang","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3481051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3481051","url":null,"abstract":"The armature and rail (A/R) interface in railgun is considered a dynamic electrical contact involving contact pressure and area variations, and the extreme working conditions lead to distinct electromagnetic properties from the bulk and perfect contact. This article investigates the mechanical and electromagnetic properties of the dynamic A/R interface based on imperfect contact boundary conditions. The contact area expands as the driving current increases, which increases the current distributed area and enhances uniformity. The current redistribution patterns are identified as forced shifts of current, with currents on the previous contact area boundaries decreasing and those on the existing boundaries increasing sharply. The analysis results indicate that the electric scalar potential difference and contact conductivity dominate the current variations on previous and existing boundaries, respectively. In other words, the conduction current and the contact state are the primary factors causing forced shifts of current rather than the induction current. Furthermore, the influences of dynamic contact conditions on the electric scalar potential difference are studied, and the results indicate that contact area variation has a more significant impact on the electric scalar potential difference. As the contact area changes, the conduction current paths shift with contact area boundaries, which causes variations in electric scalar potential differences, consequently, leading to the phenomenon of forced current shifts.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":"52 9","pages":"4727-4734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0