International Social Security Review最新文献

{"title":"Leaving no one behind: Why social protection must include displaced people","authors":"Mattia Polvanesi","doi":"10.1111/issr.12348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12348","url":null,"abstract":"UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, has the mandate to save lives and build better futures for millions of forcibly displaced and stateless people. This contribution sets out UNHCR’s mandated roles concerning displaced population groups and details the nature of the humanitarian and human development challenges that confront the international community. In this important regard, the social protection coverage extension objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Global Partnership for Universal Social Protection (USP), to leave no one behind, are considered essential.","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: To leave no one behind: Social security coverage for displaced populations and migrant workers","authors":"Roddy McKinnon","doi":"10.1111/issr.12341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12341","url":null,"abstract":"This 2023 special issue of the <jats:italic>International Social Security Review</jats:italic> contributes to the core debate framed by the international ambition of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals to leave no one behind and does so through the lens of social security coverage extension. Specifically, the special issue addresses the social security rights of selected population groups prioritized by the current programme of work of the International Social Security Association; namely, displaced populations, amongst whom children represent a significant proportion, and international migrant workers. Implicit in this choice is a wish to collate, analyse, enrich, and disseminate knowledge to forge a stronger consensus to help realize effective social security coverage for all.","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rank, Mark Robert. The poverty paradox: Understanding economic hardship amid American prosperity. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2023. 212 pp. ISBN 9780190231236.","authors":"James Midgley","doi":"10.1111/issr.12345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12345","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending social protection to migrant workers in the region of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC): An analysis of enablers and barriers","authors":"Christina Lowe, Jessica Hagen‐Zanker, Caterina Mazzilli, Lea Bou Khater, Luca Pellerano, Abigail Hunt","doi":"10.1111/issr.12346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12346","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores factors influencing the extension of social protection to migrant workers in the region of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC). While there are some indications of new momentum for reforms, we find that reforms to address gaps in legal social protection coverage have historically been hindered by the very design of the migration system, including the assumed short‐term migration time frame and over reliance on employer‐sponsored provisions, as well as the political economy in the region, which translates into a segmented labour market and associated social protection entitlements for national and migrant workers, and limited channels for migrant worker representation. Despite some new mechanisms being developed, labour dispute and judicial systems are often ineffective in protecting workers and their families when benefits are not paid. Bureaucratic, financial, language, documentation and geographic barriers constitute further obstacles to migrant workers’ access to social protection in practice. The article closes with key policy implications, including measures for: developing comprehensive legal provisions in line with international standards and principles as well as the commitments to leave no one behind and to ensure social protection for all in the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development; addressing practical barriers, power imbalances and outreach, monitoring and enforcement gaps; and strengthening dialogue and collaboration between all actors, including GCC and country of origin governments, employers, workers, and wider stakeholders advocating for migrant workers’ rights.","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The extension of social health protection to refugees","authors":"Aviva Ron, Dorit Nitzan","doi":"10.1111/issr.12342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12342","url":null,"abstract":"The target populations to be covered in this article on the extension of social protection coverage are refugees, as defined by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Our approach to their coverage is based on the pillars of public health and social protection, which together provide the rationale and legislative basis for coverage. The social protection benefits to be covered are comprehensive health services, providing entitlement to services without conditions such as prior contributions or duration of residence. Refugees are vulnerable since they come from conflict areas or go through persecution and personal threat. They carry grief from the loss of family members and friends, property and livelihood, and social and cultural support. Some have sustained injuries before rescue and evacuation and need additional care. They may have chronic diseases and need medications they can no longer access. Some may have communicable diseases, such as tuberculosis, and children may have missed scheduled mandatory vaccinations. Refugees are vulnerable to new and re‐emerging infections, as seen in the COVID–19 pandemic. While the focus in this article is on providing health care, the social determinants of health are addressed, including access to education, employment with decent working conditions, and safe environments. We focus on coverage by national authorities and institutions, legislative amendments to enable entitlement to non‐citizens, and provide national examples. Experience has shown that coverage is feasible with the assistance and guidance of international and local organizations and associations and with an acceptance by the existing social protection institutions of the benefits of extending coverage to new members. This article concurs with the principle and pledge of the 2030 Social Development Goals of the United Nations to “leave no one behind”.","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pension financialization and collective risk sharing in Canada and Finland","authors":"Jyri Liukko,&nbsp;Aaron Doyle,&nbsp;Turo-Kimmo Lehtonen","doi":"10.1111/issr.12336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12336","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article contributes to the debate concerning pension financialization and how countries are adapting their pension systems to respond to demographic ageing. We do so by examining the statutory pension systems of Canada and Finland, which diverge interestingly from current international trends. The Canadian and Finnish public pension schemes reflect two tendencies often associated with pension financialization: an increasing reliance on financial markets and an investment policy with a diversified asset allocation. However, unlike in many other countries, this has not resulted in heightened individual risks in old-age income security caused by a shift from defined benefit to defined contribution pensions – an otherwise common trend internationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/issr.12336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50153168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The limits of parametric reforms in sustaining the Algerian retirement system in a context of population ageing","authors":"Farid Flici","doi":"10.1111/issr.12335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12335","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accelerated population ageing in Algeria threatens the financial sustainability of its pay-as-you-go retirement system. Reform is a necessity, with options ranging from simple parametric reforms to important systemic changes. Prior to undertaking systemic reforms, it is worthwhile to investigate whether parametric reforms can place the system on a financially sustainable footing. In this article, we used a multi-scenario analysis that crosses the possible reform actions with possible socioeconomic scenarios. The results show that when using the most favourable scenarios, the financial balance of the Algerian system will remain negative in the short and long term. Implementing major parametric reforms can only help reduce the deficit and make it stable over time. Thereafter, systemic reforms will have to be implemented.</p><p>En Algérie, le vieillissement accéléré de la population met à mal la viabilité financière du système de retraite par répartition. Une réforme de ce dernier s’avère nécessaire, qu’il s’agisse de simples réformes paramétriques ou de profonds changements systémiques. Avant d’entamer des réformes systémiques, il serait intéressant de se demander si les réformes paramétriques pourraient suffire à redresser le système sur le plan financier. Dans cet article, nous avons croisé les potentielles réformes aux scénarios socio-économiques possibles par le biais d’une analyse à plusieurs scénarios. Les résultats révèlent que l’équilibre financier du système algérien demeurera négatif à court comme à long terme en appliquant les scénarios les plus prometteurs. La mise en œuvre d’importantes réformes paramétriques permettra uniquement de réduire le déficit et de le maintenir dans la durée. Ainsi, des réformes systémiques devront être adoptées.</p><p>El envejecimiento acelerado de la población en Argelia supone una amenaza para la sostenibilidad financiera de su sistema de jubilación de reparto. Es necesaria una reforma, que puede consistir en acometer reformas paramétricas sencillas o en llevar a cabo cambios sistémicos importantes. Antes de efectuar cambios sistémicos, es conveniente investigar si las reformas paramétricas pueden situar al sistema en una posición de sostenibilidad financiera. En este artículo se ha utilizado un análisis de diversas hipótesis que relaciona las posibles medidas de reforma con las posibles hipótesis socioeconómicas. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que, si se utilizan las hipótesis más favorables, el equilibrio financiero del sistema de Argelia continuará siendo negativo a corto y largo plazo. Poner en marcha reformas paramétricas significativas solo puede contribuir a reducir el déficit y estabilizarlo a lo largo del tiempo. En consecuencia, se tendrán que acometer reformas sistémicas.</p><p>Die fortschreitende Bevölkerungsalterung in Algerien bedroht die finanzielle Tragfähigkeit des umlagefinanzierten Rentensystems des Landes. Es bedarf einer Reform, wobei die Optionen von einfachen parametrischen Ref","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50153166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the protection of migrant workers with work histories in the European Union and Ibero-America: Enhancing the coordination of international social security instruments","authors":"Daniela Zavando Cerda,&nbsp;Laura Gómez Urquijo","doi":"10.1111/issr.12338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12338","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Migration affects almost every nation, emphasizing the need to guarantee social security rights for all migrants and their families. This article focuses on the rights of workers who migrate between the countries of the European Union (EU) and the Ibero-American community. In the EU, social security systems are increasingly coordinated through Regulation No. 883/2004 and its Implementing Regulation No. 987/2009. In the Ibero-American community, coordination is sought through the Ibero-American Social Security Convention. Despite convergence between these two international instruments, coordination is still lacking between them. This article presents a comparative analysis to articulate the necessary mechanisms to guarantee coordination, to respect the social security rights of migrant workers. We focus on the cooperation and coordination between regional as well as national systems, specifically looking at the need for and aims of a rapprochement between these two major international coordination instruments to provide greater EU-Ibero-American cooperation. Finally, the importance of promoting greater international cooperation in social security policy and administration is highlighted, to engender the adequate protection of the rights as well as the free movement of migrant workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/issr.12338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50153165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital social security accounts for platform workers: The case of Estonia’s entrepreneur account","authors":"Johanna Vallistu","doi":"10.1111/issr.12337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12337","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Advancements in technology enable new opportunities for creating digital social security accounts, but the effectiveness of these to solve the accessibility and eligibility issues facing platform workers has not been assessed fully in the literature. The potential of digital social security accounts lies in their ability to consider the possible different streams of income of atypical workers and to improve the effective access of these workers to social security. Tax and social security offices can now exchange information on the income of platform workers in real time, which offers the promise of formalizing the previously informal casual work relationships of the self-employed. This article explores the case of the Estonian entrepreneur account as a digital hybrid solution for improving the effective access to social security of platform workers. Digital portable accounts create the conditions for the structural improvement required to respond adequately to meet the changing social security needs of atypical workers. However, this also requires that the policy design be thought through carefully, to avoid digital portable accounts being simply a digital facilitator of outdated solutions.</p><p>Si les progrès technologiques offrent de nouvelles possibilités quant à la création de comptes de sécurité sociale en ligne, jamais aucune étude ne s’est penchée en détail sur la capacité de ces derniers à résoudre les problèmes d’accessibilité et d’ouverture des droits auxquels sont confrontés les travailleurs de plateforme. Le potentiel des comptes de sécurité sociale en ligne repose sur leur faculté à regrouper les différentes sources de revenu des travailleurs atypiques et à garantir un meilleur accès effectif de ces travailleurs à la sécurité sociale. L’administration fiscale et les agences de sécurité sociale peuvent désormais échanger des informations relatives aux revenus des travailleurs de plateforme en temps réel, ce qui devrait formaliser le travail précaire auparavant informel des travailleurs indépendants. Cet article examine le cas du compte entrepreneur en Estonie, qui constitue une solution numérique hybride visant à garantir un meilleur accès effectif des travailleurs de plateforme à la sécurité sociale. Ces comptes uniques en ligne ouvrent la voie aux changements structurels nécessaires pour répondre de manière adéquate aux besoins changeants des travailleurs atypiques en matière de sécurité sociale. Pour ce faire, les politiques doivent aussi être élaborées avec soin afin que les comptes uniques en ligne ne deviennent pas de simples plateformes numériques supportant des solutions obsolètes.</p><p>Los progresos tecnológicos dan pie al surgimiento de nuevas oportunidades para crear cuentas digitales de la seguridad social, si bien en los estudios sobre esta cuestión todavía no se ha analizado plenamente el grado de eficacia de estas cuentas para resolver los problemas de accesibilidad y de elegibilidad a los que se enfrentan los trab","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50140783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hwang, Gyu-Jin. Building markets: Distributional consequences of social policy in East Asia. Northampton, MA, Elgar, 2022. 236 pp. ISBN 9781789901078.","authors":"Silvia Borzutzky","doi":"10.1111/issr.12339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/issr.12339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44996,"journal":{"name":"International Social Security Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50153169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}