Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography characteristics in hydroxychloroquine retinopathy and the correlations with visual deterioration in Taiwanese.","authors":"Shao-Kai He, Tso-Ting Lai, Yi-Ting Hsieh","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00071","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics in hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy and their correlation with visual acuity among Taiwanese patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively recruited patients undergoing long-term HCQ treatment who had received examinations of best-corrected visual acuity and OCT scans. We observed disruptions in the ellipsoid zone (EZ) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) across different retinal regions. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to identify the most significant factors associated with visual deterioration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 120 eyes included in the study, HCQ retinopathy was present in 42 eyes (35.0%). In patients with mild-to-moderate retinopathy, the pericentral pattern was predominant (75.0%), whereas no parafoveal pattern was observed. Serial examinations revealed that lesions typically progressed from pericentral to parafoveal and foveal regions. EZ disruption was observed in all affected cases, most frequently at the pericentral region (100%), followed by the perifoveal (87.4%), parafoveal (72.1%), and foveal (43.2%) regions. RPE disruption was noted in 59.5% of cases, with the highest prevalence at the pericentral (53.2%) and perifoveal (52.3%) regions, followed by the parafoveal (33.3%) and foveal (28.8%) regions. PCA identified RPE disruption at the fovea and parafoveal regions as the most strongly correlated factors for visual deterioration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Taiwanese patients, HCQ retinopathy predominantly manifests with pericentral lesions, while isolated parafoveal lesions are rare as an initial presentation. RPE disruption, rather than EZ disruption, appears to be the primary determinant for visual deterioration in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 4","pages":"565-572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric open-globe injury: Current perspectives, surgical principles, and literature review.","authors":"Jovi C Y Wong, Yoshihiro Yonekawa","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00061","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Open-globe injury (OGI), referring to the full-thickness violation of the eye wall, is a severe consequence of ocular trauma which can lead to permanent vision loss. Here, we review the current literature on pediatric OGI including a focused review of studies published in the past 10 years. Scoring systems for final visual prognosis, important aspects of clinical examination, and imaging at the point of care are discussed. We furthermore provide an overview of primary and secondary surgical management of the initial OGI and sequelae. Amblyopia management differentiates pediatric from adult visual rehabilitation following OGI, and we discuss the current state-of-the-art approaches for the prevention of vision loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 2","pages":"225-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroid vascular index in myopic patients - A mini review.","authors":"Sheng-Chu Chi, Yi-Ming Huang","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00062","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myopia has become a globally prevalent ocular disease. The choroid plays a vital role in myopia, and its changes tend to occur earlier than those of the retina and long-term variations in eye growth. Abnormal axial growth is an intrinsic characteristic of myopia, accompanied by ocular biomechanical changes that result in chorioretinal atrophy, thinning, and other complications particularly in the choroidal vasculature. Recent advancements in imaging technologies have provided deeper insights into these changes. This article explores key findings related to the choroid vascular index in myopia patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 4","pages":"502-509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of magnification corrected optic disc size by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Linya Thomas, Chidanand Kulkarni, Neetha I R Kuzhuppilly","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00058","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Optic disc size measurement is essential for determining landmarks, lesions, and distances of the retina. Due to the size variability in nature and when measured with different instruments, newer methods to compare sizes between different instruments are needed. We aimed to determine the comparability of slit lamp, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of optic disc size after correcting for both ocular and instrument magnification.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective, observational study, optic disc size was measured by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus photography, and OCT. Instrument and ocular magnification was calculated, and the measured size was corrected for both using the Littman formula. The corrected values were analyzed using Bland-Altman plots and intra-class correlation (ICC) for agreeability and correlation, respectively. Linear regression analysis was conducted to estimate the systematic errors and interconvertibility in cases of high correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six eyes were included for the analysis. Uncorrected and corrected values for each method had excellent correlation and agreeability (ICC absolute agreement >0.75, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Among magnification corrected values, slit lamp and OCT had excellent correlation and agreement (ICC consistency = 0.846, confidence interval 0.75-0.91, <i>P</i> < 0.01). This pair had <i>R</i> ² = 0.73 on linear regression (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Linear regression formulas for interconverting uncorrected and corrected values for the three methods had variable accuracy (<i>R</i> ² from 0.47 to 0.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Uncorrected values of different methods for disc size measurement cannot be compared directly; they need ocular and instrument magnification correction. Among the three methods compared, the best interconvertible pairs of measurement were magnification corrected slit lamp and OCT values.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 3","pages":"466-473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12456909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral cyclophosphamide monotherapy in advanced resistant ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.","authors":"Arash Maleki, Allison Richey, Hasan Bashir, Soheila Asgari, Tate Valerio, Yasmin Massoudi, Andrew Dolinko, Peter Y Chang, C Stephen Foster, Stephen D Anesi","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00057","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study was to study the efficacy of oral cyclophosphamide monotherapy in advanced resistant ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective case series examines patients diagnosed with advanced resistant OCP at a uveitis tertiary care center who were treated with oral cyclophosphamide therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen patients were included in this study. The average age of the participants was 74.3 ± 10.3 years, ranging from 60 to 99 years. The gender distribution was 8 females to 9 males. Oral cyclophosphamide-induced remission in 7 patients (41.1%) and was prematurely discontinued in 10 patients (58.9%), with 7 (63.7%) citing ineffectiveness and 3 (36.3%) experiencing side effects as reasons for discontinuation. The average therapy dose of cyclophosphamide administered was 116.1 ± 47.5 mg. The average duration required for the induction of remission was 150 ± 128 days. The overall therapy duration averaged 306 ± 189 days. Conducting univariate logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEEs) on variables did not reveal statistically significant differences between the two groups (responsive and nonresponsive to oral cyclophosphamide therapy), except for the maximum dose of oral cyclophosphamide therapy (<i>P</i> = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prognosis of advanced OCP in patients is unlikely to be altered by the stepladder approach and step-up strategy. While oral cyclophosphamide can be efficacious for remission induction in resistant and aggressive OCP cases, a step-down strategy employing less potent agents with safer side effect profiles should be contemplated for subsequent treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 2","pages":"290-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current advances in multimodal imaging in geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration: A review.","authors":"Amy C Cohn, Robyn H Guymer","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00065","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As we move toward an era in which there will be treatment options for geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration, the need to accurately understand and interpret multimodal imaging (MMI) for the condition is paramount. This review discusses the evolution of MMI in GA and how it has led to a greater understanding of different phenotypes and risk factors for progression. These advancements have allowed novel imaging biomarkers to be used as end points in large interventional studies exploring new therapies for GA treatment. Due to differences in drug approval timing, ophthalmologists in some jurisdictions are already treating patients with complement inhibiting intravitreal therapies and using MMI to guide management. Cementing knowledge of how GA appears on MMI and evolves over time will be vital for best practice as these interventions become more widely available.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 4","pages":"464-472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-rich fibrin: Its role in curbing the inflammation and improvement of the wound-healing process.","authors":"Zohreh Jadali, Farideh Doroodgar","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-23-00139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":"149-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An atypical case of retinal pigment epithelium tear with remodeling and visual preservation.","authors":"Charles Jit Teng Ong, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00051","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes a patient with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with fovea-involving retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear that showed tissue remodeling with a good visual outcome. Imaging over the patient's clinical course from 2019 was reviewed. A 74-year-old female presented with left submacular hemorrhage and a large multi-lobular pigment epithelial detachment. Left eye vision was 6/19 at the presentation. Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) revealed underlying PCV. One month after initiation of intravitreal aflibercept (IVA, Bayer), she developed fresh subretinal hemorrhage. An RPE tear of 1 disc area in size, centered over the fovea was diagnosed. The torn RPE edge was scrolled up temporal to the fovea on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), with hypertransmission into the choroid observed over the area of RPE loss. Left eye vision after the RPE tear was 6/15. Over the next 2 months, the subretinal hemorrhage resolved following further IVA. At month 3, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) demonstrated hypo-autofluorescence while fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and ICGA showed a window defect corresponding to the area of RPE tear. On SD-OCT, there was a faint hyper-reflective layer where one might expect the RPE layer to be. Serial SD-OCT scans over 5 years revealed increasing prominence of the hyperreflective layer between the ellipsoid zone and Bruch's membrane. FAF remained hypo-autofluorescent. At the last review, the patient retained 6/9 vision. We report a case of fovea-involving RPE tear documented with multimodal imaging with good visual outcome, which is atypical. Serial OCT suggests tissue remodeling may explain the functional preservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 4","pages":"614-618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet rich fibrin promotes corneal wound healing?","authors":"Indra Tri Mahayana","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":"152-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Big data and electronic health records for glaucoma research.","authors":"Isaac A Bernstein, Karen S Fernandez, Joshua D Stein, Suzann Pershing, Sophia Y Wang","doi":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00055","DOIUrl":"10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-24-00055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The digitization of health records through electronic health records (EHRs) has transformed the landscape of ophthalmic research, particularly in the study of glaucoma. EHRs offer a wealth of structured and unstructured data, allowing for comprehensive analyses of patient characteristics, treatment histories, and outcomes. This review comprehensively discusses different EHR data sources, their strengths, limitations, and applicability towards glaucoma research. Institutional EHR repositories provide detailed multimodal clinical data, enabling in-depth investigations into conditions such as glaucoma and facilitating the development of artificial intelligence applications. Multicenter initiatives such as the Sight Outcomes Research Collaborative and the Intelligent Research In Sight registry offer larger, more diverse datasets, enhancing the generalizability of findings and supporting large-scale studies on glaucoma epidemiology, treatment outcomes, and practice patterns. The All of Us Research Program, with a special emphasis on diversity and inclusivity, presents a unique opportunity for glaucoma research by including underrepresented populations and offering comprehensive health data even beyond the EHR. Challenges persist, such as data access restrictions and standardization issues, but may be addressed through continued collaborative efforts between researchers, institutions, and regulatory bodies. Standardized data formats and improved data linkage methods, especially for ophthalmic imaging and testing, would further enhance the utility of EHR datasets for ophthalmic research, ultimately advancing our understanding and treatment of glaucoma and other ocular diseases on a global scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":44978,"journal":{"name":"Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 3","pages":"352-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}