Journal of Audiology and Otology最新文献

{"title":"Sudden Hearing Loss and Vertigo With Silent Pontine Infarction: A Case Report.","authors":"Jae Yeong Jeong,&nbsp;Hayoung Byun,&nbsp;Seung Hwan Lee,&nbsp;Jae Ho Chung","doi":"10.7874/jao.2023.00241","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2023.00241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most cases of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) occur without a specific identifiable cause, although vascular factors may serve as potential etiological contributors. Silent infarction refers to ischemic changes observed on imaging studies without accompanying clinical symptoms; however, this condition is clinically significant owing to the increased risk of future stroke. We report a case of left-sided SSNHL accompanied by dizziness in a 62-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with left pontine infarction without any other neurological symptoms. The cochlea and pons receive blood supply from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery; the cochlea lacks collateral vessels and is therefore susceptible to fluctuations in blood flow. This case report provides evidence to support the vascular hypothesis as the etiology underlying SSNHL.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 4","pages":"240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/54/jao-2023-00241.PMC10603286.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musician-Advantage on Listening Effort for Speech in Noise Perception: A Dual-Task Paradigm Measure.","authors":"Vallampati Lavanya, Ramaprasad Rajaram, Ramya Vaidyanath, Ajith Kumar Uppunda","doi":"10.7874/jao.2023.00038","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2023.00038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Speech in noise (SIN) perception is essential for effective day-to-day communication, as everyday conversations seldom transpire in silent environments. Numerous studies have documented how musical training can aid in SIN discrimination through various neural-pathways, such as experience-dependent plasticity and overlapping processes between music and speech perception. However, empirical evidence regarding the impact of musical training on SIN perception remains inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate whether musicians trained in South Indian classical \"Carnatic\" style of music exhibited a distinct advantage over their non-musician counterparts in SIN perception. The study also attempted to explore whether the listening effort (LE) associated in this process was different across musicians and non-musicians, an area that has received limited attention.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving two groups comprising 25 musicians and 35 non-musicians, aged 18-35 years, with normal hearing. In phase 1, participants' musical abilities were assessed using the Mini-Profile of Music Perception Skills (Mini-PROMS). In phase 2, SIN abilities were tested using the Tamil phonemically balanced words and Tamil Matrix Sentence Test at -5 dB, 0 dB, and +5 dB SNR. Phase 3 tested LE using a dual-task paradigm including auditory and visual stimuli as primary and secondary tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fractional logit and linear regression models demonstrated that musicians outperformed non-musicians in the Mini-PROMS assessment. Musicians also fared better than non-musicians in SIN and LE at 0 dB SNR for words and +5 dB SNR for sentences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study provided limited evidence to support the claim that musical training improves speech perception in noisy environments or reduces the associated listening effort.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 4","pages":"227-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/84/ad/jao-2023-00038.PMC10603285.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Updates on Tinnitus Management.","authors":"Ho Yun Lee,&nbsp;Da Jung Jung","doi":"10.7874/jao.2023.00416","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2023.00416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this comprehensive review, we discuss recent updates on tinnitus evaluation and treatment. Tinnitus evaluation commences with comprehensive medical history taking and audiological evaluation, which can provide valuable insight into the nature and extent of auditory disturbances. Additionally, tinnitus evaluation includes investigation of psychosomatic comorbidities to determine the intricate interplay between psychological factors and tinnitus perception. Various therapeutic approaches are available to minimize the burden of tinnitus. Cognitive behavioral therapy reshapes negative thought patterns and behaviors that are closely associated with tinnitus-induced distress. Acceptance and commitment therapy fosters mindfulness and value-aligned actions to address emotional effects. Tinnitus retraining therapy combines counseling and sound therapy for habituation. Tailor-made notched music therapy offers customized auditory experiences for symptom relief. Hearing aids and cochlear implants compensate for hearing loss and associated stress. Both neuromodulation and neurofeedback may be potentially useful. The role of pharmacotherapy and dietary supplements remains uncertain. Physiotherapy and head-neck manipulation relieve tinnitus associated with orofacial factors. Virtual reality, smartphone applications, and photobiomodulation may serve as novel therapeutic avenues. Although promising interventions are available, further research is warranted to confirm their effectiveness and long-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 4","pages":"181-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/71/54/jao-2023-00416.PMC10603282.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of a Free-Field and a Closed-Field Sound Source Identification Paradigms in Assessing Spatial Acuity in Adults With Normal Hearing Sensitivity.","authors":"Sridhar Sampath,&nbsp;Syeda Aisha,&nbsp;Devi Neelamegarajan,&nbsp;Chandni Jain,&nbsp;Kavassery V Nisha","doi":"10.7874/jao.2023.00024","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2023.00024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Traditional sound field localization setups in a free-field environment closely represent real-world situations. However, they are costly and sophisticated, and it is difficult to replicate similar setups in every clinic. Hence, a cost-effective, portable, and less sophisticated virtual setup will be more feasible for assessing spatial acuity in the clinical setting. The virtual auditory space identification (VASI) test was developed to assess spatial acuity using virtual sources in a closed field. The present study compares the legitimacy of these two methods.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Fifty-five individuals with normal hearing (mean age±SD: 21± 3.26 years) underwent spatial acuity assessment using two paradigms: 1) the sound field paradigm (localization test) and 2) the virtual paradigm (VASI test). Location-specific and overall accuracy scores and error rates were calculated using confusion matrices for each participant in both paradigms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of Wilcoxon signed-rank tests showed that the locationspecific and overall accuracy scores for both paradigms were not significantly different. Further, both paradigms did not yield significantly different localization error rates like right and left intra-hemifield errors, inter-hemifield errors, and front-back errors. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that all the measures of the two paradigms had mild to moderate correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrate that both VASI and the sound field paradigm localization test performed equally well in assessing spatial acuity.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 4","pages":"219-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/9e/jao-2023-00024.PMC10603283.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Accuracy and Reliability of Hearing Tests: An Exploration of International Standards.","authors":"Michelle J Suh,&nbsp;Jihyun Lee,&nbsp;Wan-Ho Cho,&nbsp;In-Ki Jin,&nbsp;Tae Hoon Kong,&nbsp;Soo Hee Oh,&nbsp;Hyo-Jeong Lee,&nbsp;Seong Jun Choi,&nbsp;Dongchul Cha,&nbsp;Kyung-Ho Park,&nbsp;Young Jun Seo","doi":"10.7874/jao.2023.00388","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2023.00388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the internal standards for hearing tests and benefits of implementing international standard protocols, including the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and discusses how ISO and IEC standards provide a framework for designing, calibrating, assessing hearing test instruments and methods, and exchanging and comparing data globally. ISO and IEC standards for hearing tests improve accuracy, reliability, and consistency of test results by applying standardized methods and environments. Moreover, they promote international harmonization and data interoperability, enabling information exchange and research collaboration. Those standards for hearing tests are beneficial but have challenges and limitations, such as variation in equipment and calibration, lag in updating standards, variation in implementation and compliance, and lack of coverage of clinical aspects, cultural diversity, and linguistic diversity. These affect the quality and interpretation of test results. Adapting ISO or IEC standards locally would improve their applicability and acceptability, while balancing customization and compatibility with global standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 4","pages":"169-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2c/24/jao-2023-00388.PMC10603284.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Range and Neural Response Threshold in Cochlear Implant Mapping Can Be Useful in Predicting Prognosis Related to Postoperative Speech Perception.","authors":"Bongil Park,&nbsp;Pyung Kon Thak,&nbsp;Euyhyun Park,&nbsp;Soo Jeong Choi,&nbsp;Juhyun Lee,&nbsp;Sooun Kwak,&nbsp;Hak Hyun Jung,&nbsp;Gi Jung Im","doi":"10.7874/jao.2023.00374","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2023.00374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>To analyze mapping changes in dynamic range (DR) and neural response threshold (NRT) as prognostic factors for cochlear implant (CI). To analyze whether postoperative speech perception performance could be predicted using DR change and initial NRT.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>The speech comprehension data of 33 patients with CI were retrospectively analyzed after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of device use. All subjects were adult, postlingually hearing-impaired, and Cochlear Nucleus CI users. Speech perception performance was evaluated using aided pure tone audiometry, consonant, vowel, one-word, two-word, and sentence tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The averages of initial NRT and DR changes were 197.8±25.9 CU (104-236) and 22.2±18.4 CU (-15-79), respectively. The initial DR was 40.8±16.6 CU. The postoperative DR was 50.3±16.4 CU at 3 months, 58±12.3 CU at 6 months, and 62.9±10.4 CU at 12 months. A gradual increase of DR was observed during the first year of CI. Compared with the initial DR, significant increases in DR were observed at 3 (p<0.05), 6 (p<0.001), and 12 (p<0.001) months. Compared with initial speech performance outcomes, a significant gain in all performance outcomes was achieved at 12 months (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with low NRT after CI surgery could initially set DR to a wider range and had better final speech perception outcomes. Conversely, patients with high NRT after CI surgery had to set up a gradual increase in DR while adjusting the T-C level, and the final speech perception outcomes were worse. DR and NRT, the main CI mapping variables, can help predict prognosis related to speech perception outcomes after CI surgery. In conclusion, the post-CI speech perception is better with a lower initial NRT, wider final DR, or younger age.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 4","pages":"212-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/86/jao-2023-00374.PMC10603277.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Unilateral Inner Hair Cell Injury: A Case Report.","authors":"Mehulla Jain,&nbsp;Shana Yasmin,&nbsp;Sumanth Chakkere Prakash,&nbsp;Chandni Jain","doi":"10.7874/jao.2022.00171","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2022.00171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is known to be associated with lesions at various sites, including outer hair cell (OHC) and inner hair cell (IHC) injury, as well as auditory dyssynchrony or vestibulocochlear nerve tumors. Therefore, it is important to establish the differential diagnosis of SNHL, which however is particularly challenging in patients with unilateral SNHL. The test battery approach is effective for accurate diagnosis in such cases. In this report, we discuss the usefulness of the test battery approach to accurately detect the site of the lesion in a patient with unilateral hearing loss. A 14-year-9-month-old adolescent who observed decreased hearing sensitivity in the left ear accompanied by difficulty with understanding speech at a distance was diagnosed with unilateral hearing loss in the left ear. In this report, we describe a rare and diagnostically challenging case of unilateral SNHL in a patient with normal OHC function and selective injury to IHCs, which was diagnosed using a test battery approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":" ","pages":"235-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/be/jao-2022-00171.PMC10603279.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10737662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing Screening Alternative Using a Website-Based Application.","authors":"Tety Hadiaty Rahim,&nbsp;Deni Kurniadi Sunjaya,&nbsp;Dany Hilmanto,&nbsp;Wijana Hasansulama,&nbsp;Frans Zefanya Putra","doi":"10.7874/jao.2023.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2023.00045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Indonesians encounter several barriers to regular functional hearing assessment. Hearing loss screening is only provided by tertiary-care hospitals that are not reachable by people in remote regions. This study aimed to develop a website-based hearing screening application that is accessible and inexpensive. Subjects and.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comparative study was conducted between July and August 2022 in the Otolaryngology Clinic of Muhammadiyah Bandung Hospital with noise levels below 50 dB. The hearing screening was conducted using a website-based application (www.Screenout.id) and audiogram as the gold standard method. On ScreenOut, patients heard sounds with frequencies at 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 Hz and sound intensity of each frequency at 35, 55, and 75 dB using earphones.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 133 participants were enrolled in our study. ScreenOut showed high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (90.9%, 98.9%, 93.6%, 99.4%, and 84.8%, respectively). Regarding hearing threshold, a very strong correlation was found between ScreenOut and audiogram, ranging between r=0.843 and r=0.899. Aside from that, there was no significant difference in hearing threshold values between ScreenOut and audiogram.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many advantages of the ScreenOut were found, including low-cost, accessibility, and easy-to-use interface, making it favorably used in low-middle-income countries such as Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 3","pages":"123-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/57/jao-2023-00045.PMC10352691.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9827220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Sinhala Version of Tinnitus Handicap Inventory.","authors":"Asiri Rodrigo,&nbsp;Thilini Abayabandara-Herath","doi":"10.7874/jao.2022.00521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2022.00521","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives Tinnitus is a common and disabling condition that largely remains undertreated in Sri Lanka. Currently, standardized tools that assess and monitor the treatment of tinnitus or the distress it causes are unavailable in either of the two main vernacular languages prevalent in Sri Lanka. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) is used internationally to measure tinnitus-induced distress and to monitor treatment efficacy. In this study, we validated the Sinhala version of the THI (THI-Sin). Subjects and Methods The THI was translated into Sinhala and back translated into English and finalized by independent translators. The THI-Sin questionnaire and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Visual Analog Scale of tinnitus annoyance (VAS) were administered to 122 adults who visited the otolaryngology clinic of Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka Results THI-Sin scores showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.902) and were significantly correlated with the GHQ-12 and VAS scores. Factor analysis of the THI-Sin confirmed a three-factorial structure, which did not correspond to the original THI subscales. Conclusions We observed significant reliability and validity of the THI-Sin tool for evaluation of tinnitus-induced handicaps among the Sinhalese-speaking population of Sri Lanka.","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 3","pages":"128-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a2/40/jao-2022-00521.PMC10352688.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9835321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery From Otitis Media and Associated Factors Among 1- to 6-Year-Old Children in South India: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Sathya Harinath,&nbsp;Somu Lakshmanan,&nbsp;Saji James,&nbsp;Sandeep Maruthy","doi":"10.7874/jao.2022.00542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2022.00542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study was aimed at assessing recovery from otitis media (OM) and variables associated with it among 1- to 6-year-old children. Subjects and.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed 87 children with OM otologically and audiologically. Medicines were prescribed, and medication compliance was ensured. The children were followed up after 3 months to judge the status of OM as resolved or recurrent. Data were statistically analyzed to derive the risk of recurrence of OM with effusion (OME) and acute OM by degree of hearing loss, type of tympanogram, age group, and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall recurrence rate was 26%. The risk of recurrence was higher for OME (odds ratio [OR]=4.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.90 to 9.83); at AC auditory brainstem peak V responses up to 40 dBnHL (OR=5.20; 95% CI: 2.05 to 13), 50 dBnHL (OR=3.47; 95% CI: 0.5 to 23), and 60 dBnHL (OR=16.09; 95% CI: 4.36 to 1.2); in B (OR= 3.16; 95% CI: 1.36 to 7.33) and C tympanograms (OR=2.83; 95% CI: 0.70 to 11.41); and in the age group of 5-6 years (OR=8, 95% CI: 2.23 to 28). The risk of recurrence of OM did not differ between male and female patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rate of recurrence was comparable to or lower than that reported in the pediatric population of other countries. The findings suggest that children with OME, severe pathology, or age of 5-6 years require more attention and frequent monitoring to minimize the risk of recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"27 3","pages":"139-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/26/jao-2022-00542.PMC10352687.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9835318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}