Journal of Audiology and Otology最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 Scores and Eustachian Tube Function Test Results in Symptomatic Patients With a Normal Drum","authors":"SeoJin Moon, Yujin Lee, Jinsei Jung, I. Moon, S. Bae","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00654","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives We investigated the clinical validity of and correlation between the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7) scores and the eustachian tube function test (ETFT) results in patients with a normal drum. Subjects and Methods The study included 49 patients (93 ears) with unilateral or bilateral ear fullness over >3 months. All patients were administered the ETDQ-7 survey and underwent the ETFT on the same day. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the association between the results were statistically analyzed. Results ETDQ-7 scores were not significantly correlated with the ETFT results or with middle ear pressure. ETDQ-7 scores in patients with eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) were significantly higher than those in patients with normal ETFT results (p=0.039) when ETD was defined as a pressure change <10 daPa on the ETFT. The area under the ROC curve was 0.631, with a sensitivity of 37.0% and specificity of 89.4%. Conclusions The ETDQ-7 has limited clinical significance in patients with ETD but a normal drum. Therefore, concomitant objective tests should be performed to diagnose patients with ETD.","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84386602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Wideband Tympanometry Predict the Prognosis of Otitis Media With Effusion?","authors":"Mehmet Ilhan Şahin, Duygu Demirkan Özyürek, Alperen Vural, Gökmen Zararsız, Ibrahim Ketenci, Yaşar Ünlü","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00633","DOIUrl":"10.7874/jao.2021.00633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the capacity of wideband tympanometry (WBT) in predicting the prognosis of otitis media with effusion (OME).</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Sixty-one ears with effusion and 30 healthy ears of children were enrolled. The patients were followed up monthly using WBT. After the completion of measurements, the ears were separated into four groups according to the duration of recovery; Group 1: Good prognosis (≤1-month, n=18), Group 2: Worse prognosis (>1-month, n=29), Group 3: Surgical (no recovery, n=14), and Group 4: Control (healthy ears, n=30). Tympanometric peak pressure (TPP), resonance frequency (RF), and absorbance levels were compared within and between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TPP and RF values of the study group were lower than those of the controls (p<0.001). The ears with OME had lower absorbance measures than the controls at all frequencies; the differences were significant at 250, 500, and 1,000 Hz (p<0.001). However, at 2,000 Hz, the absorbance levels of the ears with OME were similar with those of the control group only in the good prognosis group (p>0.05). The receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed that absorbance measures over 0.237 and 0.311 at 1,000 Hz and 2,000 Hz, respectively, have sensitivities and specificities over 70% for prediction of good prognosis, and the calculated odd ratio for these measures were 6 (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WBT measurement is promising in predicting the recovery of OME in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89095450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tele-Audiology in India: Current and Future Trends in Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Among Audiologists","authors":"Nazreen Nihara M R, Jayashree Seethapathy","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00584","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread use of telepractice in hearing health care services. In this study, we investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of tele-audiology among Indian audiologists. The current study is based on tele-practice guidelines recommended by the Indian Speech and Hearing Association for tele-audiology services in India. Subjects and Methods An internet-based KAP questionnaire survey was performed among 108 audiologists. The questionnaire included 33 items categorized under the following domains: demographic information and KAP of tele-audiology. Of the 108 audiologists included in the study, 38 admitted to the practice of tele-audiology previously and during the COVID-19 pandemic (tele-practitioners), and 70 respondents had no experience of tele-audiology (non-telepractitioners). Results Overall higher scores were observed with regard to the knowledge domain, and a mixed attitude regarding tele-practice was observed among audiologists. Most respondents acknowledged the advantages of tele-audiology in clinical practice. However, audiologists were hesitant to utilize this technology owing to the challenges associated with tele-practice. Conclusions Despite adequate awareness and a positive attitude, a gap is observed between available knowledge and its actual application/utilization in tele-audiology. Tele-audiology practice was limited to counseling, hearing impairment treatment, and troubleshooting tips for hearing aids. Evidence-based practices to perform diagnostic test battery in tele-mode, hands-on training to run diagnostic test battery/rehabilitation using a tele-mode approach, and greater understanding of the technical requirements for tele-practice may result in a positive perception and encourage tele-audiology practice among audiologists. Specialized training and regular continuing education programmes are important to promote tele-audiology services in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78851455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective Comparison of Benefits Derived From Contralateral Routing of Signal Hearing Aid and Bone Conduction Device in Noisy Surroundings in Patients With Single-Sided Deafness","authors":"K. Sikka, R. Yogal, A. Thakar, Rakesh Kumar, Tanvi Chaudhary, Mao Bhartiya, H. Verma, Sonam Sharma, C. Singh","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00682","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives Single-sided deafness (SSD) leads to non-participation of the diseased ear in generating adequate auditory input, which results in poor speech discrimination in noisy surroundings. The present study objectively compared the audiological benefits rendered by contralateral routing of signal (CROS) hearing aid and bone conduction device (BCD) in patients with SSD >70 dB HL using the modified hearing in noise test (HINT). Materials and Methods Patients with SSD >70 dB HL in poor and clinically normal hearing in the better ear were enrolled. Patients aged <18 or >70 years, with a history of neurological insult or ear infection in the last 3 months, mental retardation, psychiatric or developmental disorders, and diabetes were excluded. Modified HINT was performed with the affected ear unaided, aided with CROS hearing aid, and with BCD, generating three groups. Noise signal was presented at a fixed intensity of 65 dB at the neutral position in the center and speech signal was presented to either ear sequentially. The test was repeated with the speech signal fixed at the neutral position and the noise signal presented to either ear. Results BCD led to a better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than CROS hearing aid in all situations except when noise was centralized and speech was presented to the affected ear. Conclusions A benefit was observed when auditory rehabilitation was used for the affected ear as demonstrated by better SNR scores. The results showed that BCD performed better than CROS hearing aid.","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85612667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expansion to the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire-Short Form: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Emel Ugur,&nbsp;Bahriye Ozlem Konukseven,&nbsp;Murat Topdag,&nbsp;Mustafa Engin Cakmakci,&nbsp;Deniz Ozlem Topdag","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The primary objective of this study is to investigate the necessity of questioning virtual reality systems in the motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire (MSSQ)-short form. The secondary objective of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the MSSQ-short form, with proven validity and reliability.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>In the questionnaire form, for which expert opinion was obtained to maintain linguistic equivalence, the virtual reality items were added to the questionnaire. The questionnaire was then administered to 297 individuals. The results were statistically analyzed with and without these virtual reality items for validity and reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the addition of the virtual reality items, the reliability of the questionnaire was found to be quite high (Cronbach's alpha r=0.912). The norm values between the original MSSQ-short form (12.9±9.9) and the Turkish MSSQ-short form (13.8±12.9) were found to be consistent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Motion sickness symptoms can occur not only during movement, but also with indirect stimulus. Our findings suggest that adding virtual reality items to the original form is important in long term practical applications. Our results show that the Turkish version of the original questionnaire is quite reliable. Submission of the MSSQ-short form in Turkish will be useful for documentation and will also encourage further research in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/4f/jao-2021-00577.PMC8996090.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39946545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earlier Peak Latencies May Not Fully Reflect the Robustness of Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential to CE-Chirp Stimulus.","authors":"Mohd Normani Zakaria,&nbsp;Athar Mazen Rasmi Abdallatif,&nbsp;Wan Najibah Wan Mohamad,&nbsp;Rosdan Salim,&nbsp;Ahmad Aidil Arafat Dzulkarnain","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00458","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, We read with great interest the article by Ocal, et al. [1] that studied cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) results elicited by the conventional 500 Hz tone burst (TB) and narrow band Claus Elberling (CE)-chirp stimulus (360-720 Hz) among heathy adults. The chirp stimulus was found to produce significantly earlier P1 and N1 latencies, but P1N1 amplitudes were comparable between the two stimuli. The authors then concluded that “the chirp stimulus produces robust but earlier cVEMP than TB does” [1]. In this regard, we wish to highlight several issues worthy of consideration. The cVEMP latencies are influenced by the rise times of stimuli [2,3]. That is, stimuli with short rise times (such as clicks) would produce cVEMP with earlier latencies [2,3]. This is possibly because the otolith organs are sensitive to changes in acceleration over time [4]. The earlier cVEMP latencies for the chirp stimulus reported by Ocal, et al. [1] appear “insensible” and a further consideration is needed. The narrow band CE-chirp stimulus was designed with a specific envelope (and its onset is not steep) [5]. As such, it is expected that the chirp-evoked cVEMP would produce longer P1 and N1 latencies than the click-evoked cVEMP. This contemplation, in fact, has been demonstrated by Walther and Cebulla [6]. Since the commercially available CE-chirp stimuli were designed to optimally record auditory brainstem response (ABR), Walther and Cebulla [6] designed a band limited chirp stimulus (250-1,000 Hz) to record cVEMP and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP). As reported, cVEMP and oVEMP latencies were the longest for the chirp stimulus (relative to click and 500 Hz TB). Indeed, the earliest latencies were produced by the click stimulus [6]. In the study by Ocal, et al. [1], the earlier P1 and N1 latencies found with the narrow band CE-chirp stimulus (relative to the 500 Hz TB) were “unexpected” given the waveform and envelope of the two stimuli (i.e., the onset of both stimuli is not “equally” steep). Furthermore, the P1 latency was curiously early (around 10 ms), which is not consistent with studies utilizing clicks (stimuli with the steepest onset) [3,6]. Taken together, it appears that caution is advisable when using the CE-chirp stimulus in cVEMP recording. This stimulus was constructed to optimize ABR recording [5], and it may not “work” similarly in cVEMP recording. Moreover, the onset and offset times of CE-chirp stimulus were temporally “adjusted” during its construction so that it appears earlier than the conventional stimulus [7,8]. As such, the offset of chirp is the onset of click (0 ms) [7]. Therefore, it is not surprising to see earlier cVEMP latencies when tested with the CE-chirp stimulus. In contrast, using the custom-built chirp stimulus (without the temporal adjustment), cVEMP latencies were at least comparable to those of 500 Hz TB [6]. Collectively, the earlier cVEMP latencies elicited by the commercially ","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/c5/jao-2021-00458.PMC8996091.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39613480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migraine-Associated Otalgia: An Underappreciated Entity.","authors":"Sarah Sussman,&nbsp;Zachary Zimmerman,&nbsp;Taylor Chishom,&nbsp;Lauren Reid,&nbsp;Mohammad Seyyedi","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Otalgia can be primary/otogenic or secondary as a referred pain from another site, which can be difficult to establish owing to various causes and the complex innervation of the ear. In our center, we observed a large group of patients with unexplained otalgia that had a higher prevalence of migraine. We hypothesized that migraine may cause secondary otalgia. This study then aimed to determine the prevalence of migraine-associated otalgia and evaluate the efficacy of migraine treatment.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>This 2-year retrospective study was conducted at a busy otology clinic. Patients were identified using diagnostic codes corresponding to otalgia. The prevalence of migraine-associated otalgia was determined, and the efficacy of migraine treatment was evaluated in these patients. The interventions included prophylactic and abortive migraine treatments. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare between the pre- and post-treatment symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 208 patients with otalgia were identified. Sixty-four out of ninety patients with unexplained otalgia met the criteria for migraine; of them, 30 patients had an adequate follow-up and were thus included in the evaluation of treatment efficacy. Otalgia improved in 87% of the patients who received migraine treatment. After treatment, the mean pain score and headache frequency significantly decreased from 7 to 2 and from 27 to 9 days per month, respectively (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Migraine should be considered as a source of secondary otalgia, and patients should receive treatment as they often respond to migraine treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a9/37/jao-2021-00465.PMC8996084.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39808502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Endoscopic/Microscopic Cochlear Implantation Through the Oval Window.","authors":"Italo Cantore","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Standard round window (RW) cochlear implantation is a well-described technique. Implantation might be difficult in patients with inner and middle ear anomalies, in some cases because of not achieving adequate exposure to the RW, with a related higher risk of complications such as facial nerve injury. It is proposed a combined microscopic/endoscopic oval window approach in a 63 year old man affected by bilateral Menière disease, with bilateral severe sensorineural hearing loss, speech discrimination score for bysillabic words under 40% and a hidden RW by anomalous facial nerve course. All electrodes entered the cochlear with good freefield thresholds and auditory ability results. A partial marginalis nerve palsy occurred at the second postoperative day and completely reversed at 2 months from surgery. Endoscopicassisted oval window cochlear implantation may be a safe alternative surgical technique in cases where surgeons are not able to access RW.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d6/bf/jao-2021-00388.PMC8996086.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39689273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Genetic Defect and Two Related Entities in Monozygotic Twins: Otosclerosis and Superior Semicircular Canal Near Dehiscence Syndrome.","authors":"F Ceyda Akin Ocal,&nbsp;Haluk Kavus,&nbsp;Bulent Satar,&nbsp;Davut Pehli van","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and genetic findings of 53-year-old monozygotic twins who had bilateral otosclerosis and right-sided superior semicircular canal near dehiscence (SSCND). Monozygotic twins at the age of 53 presented with conductive hearing loss and normal tympanic membranes. Detailed audiovestibular testing and computed tomography scan revealed that both patients had concurrent otosclerosis and SSCND. Conservative management (hearing aids) was the treatment for these patients. Exome sequencing (ES) for the twins and their affected mother identified a heterozygous missense variant in the EYA4 (c.1744G>A; p.Glu582Lys) gene. This is the first case report to present these separate entities identified in monozygotic twins with a heterozygous missense variant in the EYA4 gene. Our ES data may imply a possible causal relationship or association between variants in the EYA4 gene and concurrent otosclerosis and SSCND.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/89/jao-2021-00381.PMC8996085.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39600318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: Earlier Peak Latencies May not Fully Reflect the Robustness of Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential to CE-Chirp Stimulus.","authors":"F Ceyda Akin Ocal,&nbsp;Ceren Karacayli,&nbsp;Volkan Kenan Coban,&nbsp;Bulent Satar","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00521","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, We were pleased and excited that our findings in the study led to debate among scientists in the field. We would like to thank the colleagues for their interest and valuable comments on our article entitled “Can Narrow Band Chirp Stimulus Shake The Throne of 500 Hz Tone Burst Stimulus for Cervical Vestibular Myogenic Potentials (cVEMP)?’’[1]. First of all, we have known that chirp stimulus can be used safely in auditory brainstem response (ABR) for a long time but the usage of chirp stimulus for vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) is a relatively new research topic. Therefore, open discussion and ongoing researches will be very useful. It has been reported that increasing rise/fall times result in prolongation of the latencies of cVEMP [2]. Narrow-band (NB) Claus Elberling (CE) chirp is an envelope stimulus whose onset and offset can be adjusted compared to other stimuli [3,4]. For example, the offset of the chirp stimulus is the onset of click stimulus. It is therefore not surprising to expect early latency in chirp stimulus. We believe that the authors have misinterpreted this information. In terms of latency, there are studies showing contradictory results in the literature [3,5-7]. Thus, we agree that it is necessary to be careful when interpreting the latency differences between different stimuli. Walter and Cebulla [7] reported valuable findings on this subject. However, the sample size was too small (n=10). There are also different results in terms of latencies between the cVEMP and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential findings. This can make it difficult to interpret the results correctly. Wang, et al. [6] found shorter latency in chirp stimuli compared to other stimuli (click, tone pip) similar to our study. Özgür, et al. [5] studied on this subject and they found the most short latency in chirp stimuli. Interpreting these contradictory results can be difficult, as the vestibular system pathway is different from the auditory system. In case of VEMP testing, a given stimulus is to travel through some relevant auditory and vestibular structures. Irrespective of other physical characteristics of NB CE chirp stimulus, it is not a surprising finding the fact that the saccule and its fluid content stimulated by a stimulus having a wider band frequency compared to that of tonal stimulus generates stronger response on the pathway. Meanwhile, the mentioned stimuli are not physiologic stimuli for the vestibular system. Therefore, we think that more studies are needed on this subject. Another important issue is that whether the amplitude may be a better indicator than latency. It is very difficult to confirm this with the data in the literature. Because the amplitude range is quite wide and varies among the studies [5-7]. However, while mentioning response robustness in our article, we meant waveform quality. As a result, chirp stimulus should be used more widely in the evaluation of the vestibular system in audiology ","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9c/f0/jao-2021-00521.PMC8996089.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39613479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}