Journal of Audiology and Otology最新文献

{"title":"Removal and Repositioning of a Piston Wire Prosthesis That Entered the Vestibule Secondary to Trauma in a Patient Who Underwent Stapedotomy.","authors":"Sung Min Koh,&nbsp;Younghac Kim,&nbsp;Joo Hyun Park,&nbsp;Young Sang Cho","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Otosclerosis is a common cause of adult-onset hearing impairment, and stapedotomy is often performed as surgical treatment. Several studies have reported the complications of stapedotomy surgery; piston wire prosthesis (PWP) disruption or dislocation secondary to indirect force attributable to head trauma is described in many patients. Most PWPs that get displaced are slanted or are completely dislodged from the stapedotomy site and lodged within the middle ear. PWP dislocation into the vestibule is extremely rare. A 65-year-old woman who was involved in a traffic accident underwent computed tomography, which revealed a right-sided PWP in the vestibule. Two weeks after the accident, we observed conductive hearing loss associated with a large air-bone gap (ABG, 47 dB) accompanied by spontaneous nystagmus directed to the right without any change in nystagmus following changes in head or body position. She underwent endoscopic exploratory tympanotomy under general anesthesia, 23 days after the injury. We gently pulled the PWP from the vestibule and repositioned it at its original site with a length of 5.2 mm on the long process of the incus. Pure tone audiometry performed 8 months postoperatively showed a decrease in the ABG from 47 to 10 dB without any complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"26 4","pages":"223-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d5/4f/jao-2021-00626.PMC9597272.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39946543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Application of Virtual Reality in Hearing Disorders","authors":"Chanbeom Kwak, Woojae Han, Junghwa Bahng","doi":"10.7874/jao.2022.00234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2022.00234","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives Trendy technologies, such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) are being increasingly used for hearing loss, tinnitus, and vestibular disease. Thus, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the possible benefits of the use of VR and AR technologies in patients with hearing loss, tinnitus, and/or vestibular dysfunction, with the aim of suggesting potential applications of these technologies for both researchers and clinicians. Materials and Methods Published articles from 1968 to 2022 were gathered from six electronic journal databases. Applying our specified inclusion and/or exclusion criteria, 23 studies were analyzed. As only one article on hearing loss and two articles on tinnitus were found, 20 studies on vestibular dysfunction were only finally included for the meta-analysis. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were chosen as estimates to compare the studies. A funnel plot and Egger’s regression analysis were used to identify any risk of bias. Results High heterogeneity (I2: 83%, τ2: 0.5431, p<0.01) was identified across the studies on vestibular dysfunction. VR-based rehabilitation was significantly effective for individuals with vestibular disease (SMDs: 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.08 to 0.15, p<0.05). A subgroup analysis revealed that only improvement in the subjective questionnaire was meaningful and statistically significant (SMDs: -0.66, 95% CI: -1.10 to -0.22). Conclusions VR-based vestibular rehabilitation showed potential for subjective rating measures like Dizziness Handicap Index. The negative effect of aging on vestibular disease was indirectly confirmed. More clinical trials and an evidence-based approach are needed to confirm the implementation of state-of-the-art technology for hearing loss and tinnitus, representative diseases in neurotology.","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"6 1","pages":"169 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91237080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Performance Using Early Speech Perception Test in Typically Developing Tamil-Speaking Children.","authors":"Gladys Prathiba Dawson,&nbsp;Ravikumar Arunachalam,&nbsp;Prakash Boominathan,&nbsp;Asha Yathiraj","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The study attempted to trace age-related changes in speech perception in typically developing children (≥3 to ≤6 years) using the \"Early Speech Perception (ESP)\" in Tamil. The test was developed in line with the original English version of ESP but adapted to suit the linguistic requirement of the Tamil language.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Using a cross-sectional design, the test was administered to 205 children with normal hearing who were classified into three age groups (≥3 to ≤4, >4 to ≤5, and >5 to ≤6 years). The developed test had three subtests (syllable categorization, bisyllable word identification, and trisyllable word identification).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three age groups obtained perfect or near-perfect scores on the three subtests of ESP. There was no significant difference observed between the two adjacent age groups (≥3 to ≤4 vs. >4 to ≤5 years, >4 to ≤5 vs. >5 to ≤6 years) for all three subtests. However, significant differences were seen only between the youngest and the oldest age groups for the three subtests (≥3 to ≤4 vs. >5 to ≤6 years).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicated that ESP in Tamil can be performed effectively in all the three age groups studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":" ","pages":"192-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a8/83/jao-2021-00703.PMC9597274.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40592751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audiological Profiling and Rehabilitation Outcomes in a Child With Johanson-Blizzard Syndrome.","authors":"Aiza Fatima Raza,&nbsp;Dilli Raj Paudel,&nbsp;Kavassery Venkateswaran Nisha","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Johanson Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is an autosomal recessive disorder that shows a multi-faceted impact on almost all body functions, including speech and hearing. This case presentation describes the comprehensive audiological and rehabilitative profile of an 8-year-old female child with JBS while correlating the test results to the physiological aspects of hearing. Case history revealed poor developmental motor skills, delayed speech and language development with hypothyroidism, and dysmorphic facial features including low bat ears, micrognathia, high arched palate, and hypoplasia of nasal alae. Conditioned pure-tone audiometric responses revealed profound hearing loss of cochlear origin in both ears, which was substantiated with bilateral A-type tympanogram in immittance evaluation. Otoacoustic emissions and auditory brain stem response were absent in both ears, consistent with the audiometric findings. Rehabilitation attempts with a cochlear implant and hearing aid in the opposite ears showed differential improvements, which were in harmony with the aided thresholds. The physiological basis for each finding and future implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"26 3","pages":"160-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ad/32/jao-2021-00444.PMC9271738.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39622470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ordering Characteristics of Anti-Heat Shock Protein 70 Antibody in Australasia.","authors":"Adrian Yong Sing Lee","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00535","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Anti-heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) IgG antibodies are commonly ordered serum autoantibodies in the investigation of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), either primary or associated with other conditions such as Meniere’s disease. It is a biomarker for autoimmune SNHL that may respond to steroids; yet, lacks diagnostic sensitivity and specificity [1]. It may be found in around a quarter of patients with autoimmune SNHL and a third of patients with Meniére’s disease [2]. The Westmead Immunology laboratory (Westmead Hospital) is a quaternary referral laboratory that performs testing of these autoantibodies in Australasia. We reviewed the ordering characteristics of anti-HSP70 over a 5-year period from 2016-2021. Testing was performed using a qualitative line immunoblot (ImmcoStripe, Trinity Biotech, Buffalo, NY, USA) as per manufacturer’s instructions, and graded as not detected (negative), detected (positive) or equivocal for antiHSP70 IgG. Two experienced scientists independently performed the evaluation. There were 856 tests for anti-HSP70 over the 5-year period with 28 (3.3%) and 53 (6.2%) specimens were equivocal and positive for the autoantibody, respectively. The mean age was 48.5±19.2 years and the cohort consisted of 507 (59.2%) females. As indicated by Table 1, there were no significant differences in these statistics according to the anti-HSP70 result. The most common ordering specialties were otolaryngology (576, 67.3%), immunology (88, 10.3%), general practice (71, 8.3%), neurology (67, 7.8%) and rheumatology (11, 1.3%). Out of these specialties, otolaryngology patients had a reduced proportion of patients with a positive anti-HSP70 compared to their general cohort, perhaps reflecting the large proportion of patients with SNHL they evaluate (Table 1). Immunology referred a significantly higher proportion of patients with positive anti-HSP70 likely due to their involvement with patients with autoimmune SNHL (Table 1). The clinical notes and medical records were reviewed for each request episode. Out of the 856 episodes, these were available for 672 episodes (78.5%). The most common reason for requesting the autoantibody were for the investigation of hearing loss (453/672, 67.4%). The frequency of negative, equivocal, and positive anti-HSP70 antibodies did not differ according to the main reason for requesting the test (Table 1). The surprising lack of correlations with the presence of anti-HSP70 in this cohort may relate to the heterogeneous state and aetiology of patients with SNHL since the autoantibody tends to be present in patients with active disease over inactive disease [3]. Moreover, some of these patients may have been on treatment which was not possible to ascertain from clinical notes alone. Other studies have maintained that antiHSP70 is of limited clinical utility in screening patients with deafness [4], and controversies exist about the assay used to measure these autoantibodies [5]. This is the first real-worl","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"26 3","pages":"166-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/66/99/jao-2021-00535.PMC9271731.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39613478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of an Active Noise Control Technology Applied to Earphones on Preferred Listening Levels in Noisy Environments.","authors":"Takunari Hoshina,&nbsp;Daiki Fujiyama,&nbsp;Takuji Koike,&nbsp;Katsuhisa Ikeda","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The harmful effects of frequent exposure to loud sounds through portable music players (PMPs) in combination with earphones have been suggested to result in a high prevalence of recreational noise-induced hearing loss among children, adolescents, and young adults. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of an active noise control technology applied to earphones on the preferred listening levels (PLLs) while listening to music in the presence of background noise.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Twenty-three adults between 20 and 40 years with normal hearing were recruited for this study. PLLs for listening to pop-rock and classical music were measured in the participants' ear canal with a commercially available PMP for four earphone/headphone configurations in quiet and noisy conditions. Ear canal insertion loss was measured in open ear conditions as well as earphone/headphone conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average PLL while using earphones and headphones exceeded 85 dBA corresponding to the sound level to induce hearing damage, but in the case of canal earphones with noise cancelling (NC), it was below 75 dBA, corresponding to potentially harmful levels. The background subway noise significantly increased the PLL measured in quiet conditions using any four earphone/headphone types except canal earphones with NC. Canal earphones with NC showed the lowest PLLs compared with participants' average PLLs using the other three earphone/headphone types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To minimize recreational noise exposure at the risk of PMP use, the use of earphones with NC is recommended in noisy environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":" ","pages":"122-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/04/55/jao-2021-00612.PMC9271732.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40311579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous Upbeat Nystagmus and Selective Anterior Semicircular Canal Hypofunction on Video Head Impulse Test: A New Variant of Canalith Jam?","authors":"Andrea Castellucci,&nbsp;Cecilia Botti,&nbsp;Salvatore Martellucci,&nbsp;Pasquale Malara,&nbsp;Silvia Delmonte,&nbsp;Francesca Lusetti,&nbsp;Angelo Ghidini","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a rare case of spontaneous upbeat nystagmus (UBN) attributable to a canalith jam involving the anterior semicircular canal (ASC) in a patient in whom comprehensive vestibular assessment was useful to identify the underlying pathomechanism. A 56-year-old woman with unsteadiness following repositioning procedures for left-sided benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) presented with spontaneous UBN that showed slight right torsional components. A vestibular test battery detected isolated left ASC hypofunction on a video-head impulse test (Video-HIT). We postulated a persistent utriculopetal deflection of the left ASC cupula, which was attributable to entrapment of debris in a narrow canal tract, with consequent sustained inhibition of the ampullary afferents. Although spontaneous UBN receded after impulsive physical therapy, unsteadiness deteriorated into positional vertigo secondary to canalolithiasis involving the ipsilateral posterior canal. In our view, physical therapy possibly fragmented the canalith jam and released free-floating otoconia that eventually settled into the ipsilateral posterior canal. Video HIT revealed normalization of ASC hypofunction, and leftsided posterior canal canalolithiasis was successfully treated using appropriate repositioning procedures. We propose that a canalith jam involving the ASC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spontaneous UBN, particularly in patients with a history of BPPV and isolated ASC hypofunction detected on video HIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"26 3","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d1/df/jao-2021-00297.PMC9271735.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39642440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Spatial Training Paradigms on Auditory Spatial Refinement in Normal-Hearing Listeners: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Kavassery Venkateswaran Nisha,&nbsp;Ajith Uppunda Kumar","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study compared the effectiveness of two spatial training programs using real and virtual sound sources in refining spatial acuity skills in listeners with normal hearing.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>The study was conducted on two groups of 10 participants each; groups I and II underwent spatial training using real and virtual sound sources, respectively. The study was conducted in three phases: pre-training, training, and post-training phases. At the pre- and post-training phases, the spatial acuity of the participants was measured using real sound sources through the localization test, and virtual sound sources through the virtual acoustic space identification (VASI) test. The thresholds of interaural time difference (ITD) and interaural level difference (ILD) were also measured. In the training phase, Group I participants underwent localization training using loudspeakers in free field, while participants in Group II were subjected to virtual acoustic space (VAS) training using virtual sound sources from headphones. Both the training methods consisted of 5-8 sessions (20 min each) of systematically presented stimuli graded according to duration and back attenuation (for real source training) or number of VAS locations (for virtual source training).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of independent t-scores comparing the spatial learning scores (pre vs. post-training) for each measure showed differences in performance between the two groups. Group II performed better than Group I on the VASI test, while the Group I out-performed Group II on the ITD. Both groups improved equally on the localization test and ILD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the present findings, we recommend the use of VAS training as it has practical implications due to its cost effectiveness, need for minimal equipment, and end user usefulness.</p>","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"26 3","pages":"113-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5f/4a/jao-2021-00451.PMC9271736.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39808503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Listening to Tinnitus Frequency-Filtered Music Relieve Tinnitus?","authors":"Shinyoung Yoo, N. Yakunina, E. Nam","doi":"10.7874/jao.2022.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2022.00010","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives Tinnitus frequency-filtered music therapy aims to restore lateral inhibition to reverse tonotopic reorganization in the auditory cortex. Although the tinnitus-relieving effect of this therapy has been investigated, the results remain controversial. We performed a prospective, randomized, controlled double-blind study to determine the tinnitus-suppressing effect of tinnitus frequency-filtered music therapy. Subjects and Methods The study included 90 participants who were randomly categorized into an experimental group that listened to tinnitus frequency-filtered music and a control group that listened to music from which a random frequency was removed. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score and measures of tinnitus loudness, daily awareness, and tinnitus-induced annoyance were evaluated at the initial visit and at 3 and 6 months (final follow-up). The rates of improvement in THI scores in the two groups were also recorded. Results All measured variables showed significant improvement in both groups, except the matched tinnitus loudness and minimal masking level. However, no significant intergroup differences were observed in the amount of improvement in THI scores and any other variable. The rates of improvement in THI scores were higher in the control group at 3 and 6 months. Conclusions Listening to tinnitus frequency-filtered music reduced tinnitus-induced handicaps; however, this approach was not significantly better than listening to music from which a random frequency was removed.","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"22 1","pages":"147 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81719716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ambient Acoustic Noise on Auditory Brainstem Response to Level-Specific Chirp and Click Stimuli in Normal-Hearing Adults","authors":"A. Dzulkarnain, Balqis Aqilah Mat Rahed, F. A. Shahrudin, F. N. Jamal, M. Zakaria","doi":"10.7874/jao.2021.00689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7874/jao.2021.00689","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives Despite few reports on the influence of ambient acoustic noise on auditory brainstem response (ABR) to click stimuli, its effects on ABR to level-specific (LS) stimuli have not been systematically investigated. This study aimed to investigate the influence of ambient acoustic noise on ABR findings using both LS chirp and click stimuli. Subjects and Methods Twelve normal-hearing adults participated in this repeated measure design study. The ABRs were acquired at 80, 50, and 30 dBnHL using two stimuli (LS chirp and click) under two conditions (quiet and noise). The ABRs under noise conditions were acquired using babble noise and white noise. The noise level was set at 55 dBA. Two-way repeated measure analysis was used to identify the main effects of the test conditions, stimulus types, and their interactions at a 95% confidence level. Results No significant influence of ambient acoustic noise on ABR findings was identified at all intensity levels. No significant difference was found in the number of signal averages to reach the 0.04 μV residual noise as stopping criteria among the ABRs recorded with different types of stimuli and test conditions. The ABR waves I and V amplitudes were larger with LS chirp than with click stimulus. Conclusions Ambient acoustic noise has no significant influence on ABR findings and the ABR test time based on the 55 dBA noise level used in this study.","PeriodicalId":44886,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Audiology and Otology","volume":"19 1","pages":"182 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73820178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}