Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Tenofovir-based first-line regimen in newly diagnosed HIV-patients: An experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India.","authors":"Arkapal Bandyopadhyay, Sarika Palepu, Bhawna Saini, Rakesh Chandra Chaurasia, Rakesh Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.IJSTD_90_20","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.IJSTD_90_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>India has a huge burden of HIV/AIDS infection. Tenofovir-based first-line therapy is the preferred treatment for newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present prospective study was done among newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection. The patients were followed up for 6 months from the day of enrollment. Sociodemographic parameters, CD4 counts, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were analyzed at baseline and after 6 months. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed with the occurrence of ADRs as outcome variable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 67 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 32.75 (±14.39) years. Mean CD4 count at the start of treatment was 241.5/mm³. The mean difference in CD4 count was 383.05/mm³ (standard deviation = 274.9). Dizziness, tingling, numbness of extremities, and muscle cramps were the most common adverse effects. On multivariate logistic regression, the occurrence of ADRs was seen to be significantly higher only in illiterate patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study highlights the importance of long-term follow-up of the patients on antiretroviral therapy. Adequate monitoring of the treatment parameters is of utmost importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncommon manifestation of discoid lupus erythematosus in a human immunodeficiency virus patient.","authors":"Rachita Misri, Monica Bambroo, Dipti Gupta","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_42_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_42_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediculosis pubis presenting as pediculosis capitis, pediculosis corporis, and pediculosis ciliaris in a case of Alport syndrome.","authors":"Manal D Dave,&nbsp;Hita H Mehta,&nbsp;Amitkumar Rameshbhai Gorasiya,&nbsp;Devanshi Nitin Nimbark","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_88_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_88_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediculosis is an infestation of lice on the human body. Pediculosis pubis is primarily found in the pubic region and is usually transmitted by sexual contact. Diagnosis is done by visualization of mites which can be aided by the use of dermoscope. Hereby, we report a case of an Alport syndrome patient having extensive pubic lice infestation with no sexual history and probable transmission from cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/ec/IJSTD-44-71.PMC10343108.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9816667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Lepromatous leprosy as a presenting feature of HIV:\" Diagnostic and management dilemmas.","authors":"Vinod Hanumanthu,&nbsp;Tarun Narang,&nbsp;Sunil Dogra,&nbsp;Bhushan Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_34_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_34_22","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have diagnosed this case as LL with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) without considering carefully the clinical presentation and symptomatology. We feel that the clinical morphology of the lesions looks more like histoid leprosy (HL). The patient has papulonodular lesions with central depression, over the face with normal looking intervening skin, and the absence of madarosis also supports the diagnosis of HL.[2] Most of the lesions on legs are infiltrated papulonodules with few showing crusting suggestive again of HL. The presence of more than the usual number of lesions in this patient most likely indicates its possible transformation to LL, which is known to occur though not often. [3] Further, the absence of systemic features such as fever, arthralgias, and neuritis is unusual for ENL, which has acute presentation with associated systemic features. The authors also mention that Mycobacterium leprae and HIV act synergistically which could worsen the nerve damage, but surprisingly this patient had all the sensations intact. Enlarged nerves with no nerve function impairment (NFI) or tenderness are also more consistent with the diagnosis of HL rather than LL with ENL. HL may present with thickened nerves and the NFI may appear much later. Although the association of HL with HIV is quite rare, two cases (one presenting as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome) have been reported by Bumb et al.[4] and Sivasankari et al. [5] in HIV‐infected patients taking highly active retroviral therapy for 9 and 11 months, respectively.","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/fb/IJSTD-44-99.PMC10343106.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9816669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicoepidemiological study of adverse cutaneous drug reactions among immunocompromised children at a tertiary care hospital.","authors":"Tulasi Jarang,&nbsp;Bhumesh Kumar Katakam,&nbsp;Kiran Kumar Bollepaka,&nbsp;Harilitha Gindham","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_33_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_33_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is used to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced the HIV/AIDS associated morbidity and mortality significantly. But 25% of all patients discontinue treatment because of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDR) are very common with ART regimens, which may range from mild pruritus, maculopapular rash to serious Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). ACDRs comprise 10%-30% of all reported ADRs.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>To assess the different types of cutaneous adverse drug reactions in immunocompromised children of less than 18years.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective record-based study, conducted at department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College (GMC)/Government General Hospital (GGH), Suryapet, Telangana, India. Data was collected from the records available at ART centre, from November 2018 to October 2021 GGH, Suryapet. All the HIV infected children ≤18 years who were on ART, were included in this study. Patients of more than 18 years and on other medications were excluded. Demographic data, socio economic status, vaccination status, height, weight, complete blood analysis, complete urine analysis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, liver and renal function tests and CD4 counts were recorded before initiation of ART.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 330 children of less than 18 years were initiated for ART, at ART centre, Government General Hospital, Suraypet. Out of 330 children, 27.8% (92) children developed ACDRs. 58.7% (54) were males and 41.3% (38) were females. Maculopapular rash was seen in 65.2% (60) cases, urticaria was seen in 15.3% (14) cases, Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) was seen in 9.8% (9) cases, SJS/TEN overlap was seen in 6.5% (6) cases and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) was seen in 3.2% (3) case. CD4 count was below 300 in 65.3% (60) cases above 300 in 34.7% (32) cases. Gap between initiation of the treatment and onset of reaction was less than one month in 65.3% (60) cases, and more than one month in 34.7% (32) cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/e7/IJSTD-44-24.PMC10343107.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9816671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> by polymerase chain reaction-based molecular method among symptomatic women from Northern India.","authors":"Rajneesh Dadwal,&nbsp;Nandita Sharma,&nbsp;Rimjhim Kanaujia,&nbsp;Sakshi Malhotra,&nbsp;Hemant Chaudhry,&nbsp;Shivali Rathore,&nbsp;Aastha Saini,&nbsp;Rashmi Bagga,&nbsp;Abhishek Mewara,&nbsp;Sumeeta Khurana,&nbsp;Rakesh Yadav,&nbsp;Sunil Sethi","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_21_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_21_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Trichomoniasis remains one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, which is curable. To prevent complications and transmission, prompt and correct diagnosis is essential to treat <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>. The present study was done to evaluate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with other conventional techniques for the diagnosis of <i>T. vaginalis</i> infection and determine the prevalence of <i>T. vaginalis</i> in women with vaginal discharge based on PCR assay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Vaginal swabs were collected by the trained health-care professional using FLOQSwabs™ (Copan, Italy) during routine pelvic examinations among 1974 symptomatic females. The wet microscopy, culture, and PCR were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity of wet mount and culture in comparison to PCR was 60.87% and 56.52%, respectively. The kappa inter-rater agreement of <i>T. vaginalis</i> PCR showed substantial agreement with wet mount microscopy (κ = 0.742) and culture (κ = 0.707). The PCR detected an additional 17 cases that were missed by conventional techniques.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study highlights the importance of PCR for <i>T. vaginalis</i> screening among symptomatic females.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7b/c2/IJSTD-44-40.PMC10343104.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9826157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An intriguing case of cutaneous noduloulcerative lesion in the vicinity of genitalia.","authors":"Anusha Potula,&nbsp;M Deepak Nayak,&nbsp;Pallavi Hegde,&nbsp;Deepti Jaiswal,&nbsp;Raghavendra Rao","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_106_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_106_22","url":null,"abstract":"100 Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS Volume 44, Issue 1, January-June 2023 2021;42:162‐5. 2. Kaur I, Dogra S, De D, Saikia UN. Histoid leprosy: A retrospective study of 40 cases from India. Br J Dermatol 2009;160:305‐10. 3. Chaudhury DS, Chaudhury M, Armah K. Histoid variety of lepromatous leprosy. Lepr Rev 1971;42:203‐7. 4. Bumb RA, Ghiya BC, Jakhar R, Prasad N. Histoid leprosy in an HIV positive patient taking cART. Lepr Rev 2010;81:221‐3. 5. Sivasankari M, Sinha P, Sunita BS, Awasthi S. A case of histoid leprosy presenting as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in a patient of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on highly active retroviral therapy (HAART). Indian Dermatol Online J 2021;12:441‐3. 6. Vignesh R, Shankar EM. Thalidomide as a potential HIV latency reversal agent: Is it the right time to forget the ancestral sins? EBioMedicine 2017;24:20‐1. 7. Vergara TR, Samer S, Santos‐Oliveira JR, Giron LB, Arif MS, Silva‐Freitas ML, et al. Thalidomide is associated with increased T cell activation and inflammation in antiretroviral‐naive HIV‐infected individuals in a randomised clinical trial of efficacy and safety. EBioMedicine 2017;23:59‐67. How to cite this article: Hanumanthu V, Narang T, Dogra S, Kumar B. ”Lepromatous leprosy as a presenting feature of HIV:” Diagnostic and management dilemmas. Indian J Sex Transm Dis 2023;44:99-100.","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/11/IJSTD-44-100.PMC10343115.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10184744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are we moving from symptomatic to asymptomatic syphilis: A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Ravneet Kaur,&nbsp;Sharang Gupta,&nbsp;Rishu Sarangal,&nbsp;Dimple Chopra,&nbsp;Harmeet Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_109_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_109_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Syphilis remains a global health problem with recent reports of resurgence from various parts of the world. We undertook this study to analyze the current epidemiological and clinical trends of syphilis in our part of the country.</p><p><strong>Aim and objectives: </strong>To analyze the changing trends in clinical presentation of syphilis and the current status of HIV/AIDS-syphilis co-infection in our area.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a hospital-based retrospective analysis of records of sexually transmitted disease (STD) patients enrolled in \"Suraksha clinic\" in the department of Skin and VD at a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India. Patient records were analyzed from January 2018 to December 2021. The demographic, clinical, and serological profiles of patients were assessed to study the percentage of syphilis patients attending the STD clinic and their clinical presentations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7153 patients were enrolled in the\"Suraksha clinic\" from January 2018 to December 2021, these included the venereal disease patients (3137) and nonvenereal disease patients (4016) who were registered for HIV and venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) screening from the dermatology outpatient department. Out of 3137 sexually transmitted infection (STI) patients, 139 patients tested positive for VDRL. <i>Treponema pallidum</i> hemagglutination was found positive in 137 patients and negative in two patients. Hence, 137 patients were confirmed syphilis cases, constituting 4.36% of total STD cases in our STI clinic in 4 years. Out of 137 patients, 2 (1.45%) presented with primary chancre, 6 (4.37%) with lesions of secondary syphilis and 129 (94.16%) were found serologically reactive without any symptoms or clinical signs, i.e., in latent syphilis. Our records also showed 14 (10.21%) cases of HIV and syphilis co-infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our study, a remarkable rise in the number of patients in the latent syphilis stage is observed over primary and secondary syphilis stage. This signifies the persistence of syphilis in subclinical phase in the community and unfortunately, it goes unnoticed. These could be \"warning signs\" for changing disease pattern of syphilis in India and points toward hidden resurgence of syphilis as being reported in various parts of the world. To actively look for these \"hidden cases,\" there is a need to strengthen \"Suraksha clinics.\" VDRL testing should be mandatory along with routine testing in all patients visiting the hospital irrespective of their disease. We also propose for the central registration of syphilis patients on lines of HIV-infected patients' registry.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/89/IJSTD-44-45.PMC10343136.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10184750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Was that endoscopy necessary?","authors":"Rubén Linares Navarro,&nbsp;Pedro Sánchez Sambucety,&nbsp;Manuel Ángel Rodríguez Prieto","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_66_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_66_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/88/20/IJSTD-44-89.PMC10343117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9826153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saxophone penis: A sequel to penoscrotal hidradenitis suppurativa.","authors":"Nitin Krishna Patil,&nbsp;Aditya Kumar Bubna","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_112_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_112_21","url":null,"abstract":"It has been suggested that long‐standing penoscrotal inflammation culminates in lymphatic fibrosis. Further, diminished blood supply to the dorsal penis heralds contraction of connective tissue that results in dorsal bending of the penis. As vascularity of the ventral penis is not compromised, blood extravasation continues, leading to edema that lifts the distal penis upward and outward, making the dorsal penile curvature more prominent that finally assumes the configuration of a saxophone.[2]","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/85/IJSTD-44-97.PMC10343135.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9829474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}