Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS最新文献

{"title":"Malignant secondary syphilis presenting with rupioid lesions and moth-eaten alopecia.","authors":"Neerja Saraswat, Durga Madhab Tripathy, Sushil Kumar, Eeshaan Ranjan, Manoj Gopal Madakshira, Shobhit Goel","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_73_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_73_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"45 1","pages":"82-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of noninfectious - nonvenereal genital dermatoses among adult males at tertiary care hospital in South Gujarat.","authors":"Brijesh Vinubhai Parmar, Hardik Tandel","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_70_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_70_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A number of dermatoses affect the genitalia in a unique and distinct manner. Nonvenereal dermatoses may not be restricted to genitalia alone; it may affect other body sites and mucous membranes as well. Dermatoses involving genital areas are not necessarily sexually transmitted. Skin lesions of the genitalia may be physiological, venereal, or nonvenereal in origin. Studies on genital dermatoses of only nonvenereal and noninfectious origin among adults are not commonly documented in India.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of this study were to determine the clinical pattern and frequency of noninfectious nonvenereal genital dermatoses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 261 patients with noninfectious nonvenereal genital dermatoses attending tertiary care hospital were enrolled from August 2019-July 2020. Cases of more than 18 years of age who had given informed valid consent were included in the study, whereas venereal or infectious dermatoses were excluded from this study. The diagnosis was established based on a detailed history, examination, biopsy, and relevant investigations. Data collection was done using predesigned pro forma, and analysis was perfomed using MS Excel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maximum participants were middle aged with a mean age of 43.38 ± 9.45 years. The most common nonvenereal genital dermatoses were vitiligo (23.37%), followed by physiological conditions (19%-92%), papulosquamous dermatosis (18.77%), lichen simplex chronicus (16.48%), premalignant conditions (6.51%), vesiculobullous conditions and benign conditions (4.98%) each, adverse cutaneous drug reactions (4.21%), and malignant conditions (0.77%). About 78.54% of participants had dermatosis over genitalia only. Focal vitiligo was the most common dermatosis involving only genitalia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is novel as participants enrolled only of noninfectious, nonvenereal genital dermatoses among males.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"45 1","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nevus comedonicus of glans with unusual morphology due to manipulation.","authors":"Varniraj Patel, Vaishnavi Verma","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_94_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_94_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nevus comedonicus, an uncommon skin condition, was originally termed \"comedo nevus\" by Kofmann in 1895. It is characterized by the clusters of pits-containing black keratinous plugs resembling blackheads. Conventionally, nevus comedonicus manifests at birth (in 50% of cases) or during the first decade of life. The commonly affected areas include the head, neck, chest, upper, and lower limbs, with patterns ranging from unilateral, bilateral, linear, interrupted, segmental, to blaschkoid. While genital nevus comedonicus is rare, some cases have been reported. In this report, we present a case of nevus comedonicus on the glans, underscoring the importance of considering nonsexually transmitted disease-related causes for genital lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"45 1","pages":"74-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Out-of-pocket and catastrophic health expenditure among patients of sexually transmitted infections at a tertiary care center: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Swastika Suvirya, Srishti Tripathi, Mukesh Shukla, Parul Verma, Sujita Kumar Kar, Sonal Sachan","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_56_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_56_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Economic burden imposed by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is substantial in low-middle-income countries like India, in spite of the fact that national programs for controlling STIs are operational.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to estimate the out-of-pocket expenses and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) incurred by patients of STIs and analyze expenditure pattern in relation to various clinical and sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study among patients attending Suraksha Clinic.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>The study was conducted among patients aged ≥18 years. Data were collected regarding various direct and indirect expenses incurred, after adjusting any reimbursement or waive off. Total costs exceeding 10% of annual household income were considered catastrophic. Stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze predictors, and <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 157 patients, most were suffering from herpetic ulcers (27.4%). The median and interquartile range (IQR) for total OOPE of STI management was ₹1950 (IQR 1035-5725). Direct expenditure constituted major expenses with a median of ₹1850 (IQR 787.50-5385.0). The cost of STI management was catastrophic in 15.2% of cases. Lower socioeconomic status, longer traveling distance, overnight stay as a part of seeking treatment at Suraksha Clinic, previous history of other than allopathic treatment, and quack consultation were found to be independent predictors of CHE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite free diagnostic and treatment services to STI patients under the National AIDS Control Programme, many incurred considerable costs and catastrophic expenditure toward STI care. Better outreach of health services is required to maximize STI control and lower financial morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"45 1","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syphilis and COVID-19: Changing trends.","authors":"Ananya Sambyal, Naina Kala Dogra, Shivani Ranjan, Rishabh Sharma, Bhanu Pratap Singh Blouria","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_22_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_22_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a change in the pattern and prevalence of acquired syphilis due to better awareness, surveillance, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment in India in recent years. However, restrictive measures for COVID-19 may produce different effects on incidence.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>We aimed to study the changing trend of acquired syphilis in relation to COVID-19 outbreak in a tertiary care hospital in North India.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of all the cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was done from January 2016 to June 2022. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of acquired syphilis were recorded and analyzed for changing trends in prevalence, clinical presentations, association with HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and its relation to COVID-19. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1105 patients attended STD clinic from January 2016 to June 2022, of which 216 patients were venereal disease research laboratory and <i>Treponema pallidum</i> hemagglutination assay positive (19.5%). Before COVID-19, there was an increasing trend of acquired syphilis (late latent). Patients diagnosed with syphilis pre- and postlockdown did not differ significantly in their mean age, median age, male/female ratio, and HIV status. However, there is an increase in number of cases of primary and secondary syphilis postlockdown which was statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Restrictive measures for COVID-19 during the lockdown produced a declining trend of syphilis. It is unclear whether the observed decrease in number of STI cases was due to true decline, inadequate testing, underreporting, or avoidance of high-risk sexual activities. The upsurge in the number of cases of acquired syphilis after lockdown suggests the possibility that lockdowns did not completely disrupt STI transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"44 2","pages":"132-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acquired scrotal lymphangiectasias in a case of lymphogranuloma venereum: A rare presentation.","authors":"Durga Madhab Tripathy, Neerja Saraswat, Sushil Kumar, Manoj Gopal Madakshira, Debdeep Mitra, Barnali Mitra","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_44_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_44_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"44 2","pages":"178-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Rajesh Rajagopalan","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_106_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_106_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"44 2","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A menace to fraternity: Early congenital syphilis - A rare case report.","authors":"Sanya Kamal Narang, Pratiksha Kanubhai Rathwa, Hiral A Shah","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_52_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_52_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital syphilis (CS), once a forgotten disease, has now remerged. A 2-month-old male child presented with multiple discrete skin-colored papules over the trunk, back, bilateral lower limbs, and groin. He also had a deformity of bilateral lower limbs and a widening at the wrist. Radiological findings suggested syphilitic changes in long bones. Nontreponemal as well as treponemal tests were positive in the baby and both parents confirming the diagnosis of CS. The father had a history of multiple sex partners and untreated genital lesions in the past. The case emphasizes the importance of awareness regarding sexually transmitted infections and its timely treatment and judicious antenatal screening for the same.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"44 2","pages":"172-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dermatological manifestations with CD4 count among people living with HIV attending tertiary care hospital of South Gujarat.","authors":"Brijesh Vinubhai Parmar, Neha Purohit, Yogesh Patel","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_24_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_24_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dermatological manifestations are common manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, seen in 80% to 95% of HIV-infected patients. Dermatological manifestations are considered clinical indicators to predict and assess the underlying immune status.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to document the dermatological manifestations in relation to CD4 count in people living with HIV (PLHIV).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study in 250 PLHIV fulfilling inclusion-exclusion criteria was conducted. Variables including sociodemographic profile, recent CD4 count (data from antiretroviral therapy center), and dermatological manifestation (physical examination) were collected. Clinical diagnosis was established, and patients were grouped according to the World Health Organization immunological staging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Majority of PLHIV (39.6%) were in the age group of 31-40 years. Males were affected more than females (1.6:1). A total of 364 dermatoses were observed; dermatological manifestation per patient ranged from 1 to 4. 32.80%. PLHIV had CD4 count >500 cells/mm³, 15.60% had CD4 count between 200-349 cells/mm³. Majority of dermatosis had infectious etiology (77.6%), out of which dermatophytosis (27.2%) was the most common infectious condition, whereas pruritic papular eruption was the most common (11.6%) noninfectious condition. A statistically significant association of CD4 count was found with dermatophytosis (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.001) and candidiasis (<i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed a significant association between the number of dermatological manifestation and CD4 count as majority of study participants (67.2%) had CD4 <500 cells/mm³ at the time of episode of dermatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"44 2","pages":"147-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and changing trends of sexually transmitted diseases over the past 17 years in a tertiary care center: A retrospective study.","authors":"Vibhu Mendiratta, Amit Kumar Meena, Damini Verma","doi":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_100_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_100_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continue to be a major public health problem with significant burden on the society. Some of this can be attributed to our lack of knowledge about the change of disease spectrum from time to time.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the study was to understand the changing pattern of STDs over the past 17 years (2003-2019).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It was a retrospective study where data of patients who attended our Suraksha Clinic from 2003 to 2019 were collected. All the cases were subjected to detailed history, examination, and investigations done to rule out STDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2436 patients were included in the study. The majority of the patients were in the age group of 18-30 years. The most frequent diagnosis was vulvovaginal candidiasis, followed by herpes genitalis. 3.3% of patients had human immunodeficiency virus. 4.8% of patients were men sex men (MSM). Overall, viral STDs were most common, followed by fungal and bacterial. To understand the changing trends, data were divided into different phases according to the time period. During Phase 1 (2003-2007), viral STDs were most common, followed by bacterial and fungal. However, this trend changed in Phase 4 (2016-2019) and fungal STDs became most common.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite numerous health initiatives, the number of STD cases is rising day by day. The increasing number of MSM over the study period necessitates dedicated efforts to address the health needs of this population. The National AIDS Control Organization should take necessary measures and steps to address the overall increase in STDs considering recent trends showing a drop in bacterial STDs and an increase in fungal and viral STDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":44880,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS","volume":"44 2","pages":"152-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10785100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}