Annals of Joint最新文献

{"title":"Recalibrating anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation: integrating mechanistic evidence, criterion-driven progression, and risk-informed return-to-sport decisions: a narrative review.","authors":"Roman Carothers, Anthony T Drazick, Phillip Page, Paxton Cook, Bryce Hargis, Jeremy M Burnham","doi":"10.21037/aoj-2026-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2026-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) remains variable, and persistent impairment and second-injury risk remain common. This narrative review asks four linked questions: how early impairments should be assessed and managed; how quadriceps recovery and loading should progress; which criteria should guide phase advancement; and how physical, psychological, neurocognitive, and contextual factors should be integrated into return-to-sport decisions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed (including MEDLINE), selected guideline repositories, and reference lists were searched from database inception through September 2, 2026. Contemporary clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, randomized and controlled trials, cohort studies, consensus statements, and foundational mechanistic reports were prioritized. This was a targeted narrative synthesis, not a systematic review or meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Early decisions should integrate symptoms, effusion, motion, gait, quadriceps neuromuscular function, and the immediate and 24-hour response to loading. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and progressive resistance exercise have the clearest clinical roles; cryotherapy, surface electromyographic (sEMG) biofeedback, blood-flow restriction (BFR), and neurocognitive strategies are conditional adjuncts whose value depends on patient response and evidence limitations. Strength, task performance, movement strategy, patient-reported knee function, and psychological readiness should be assessed serially. Graft type and concomitant procedures modify loading tolerance and interpretation but do not justify universal graft-specific timelines. Return to sport (RTS) is a continuum from participation to sport to performance and requires stage-matched exposure and shared risk decisions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Criterion-driven ACLR rehabilitation is best understood as repeated decision-making within biological, procedural, and contextual constraints. Numerical thresholds can inform decisions, but they should not function as stand-alone clearance rules when evidence is heterogeneous or population specific.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of acutely traumatized cartilage of the knee-a narrative review.","authors":"Martin S Davey, Brian M Devitt, Fiachra E Rowan, Fintan Shannon, Andrew J Hughes","doi":"10.21037/aoj-2026-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2026-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Traumatic cartilage injuries are common in the general population, affecting up to 50% of athletes, as well as a higher portion of the general population, many of whom remains asymptomatic. Although a large volume of literature focuses on the natural history, diagnosis and management of widespread degenerative cartilage disease in the form of osteoarthritis (OA), there is less evidence available for the management of acute cartilage injuries following trauma. Following a previous review by Brittberg in 2018 as well as the recently published consensus statements on the topic of cartilage injuries, the aim of this study was to perform a review on the topic of acute traumatic cartilage injuries, in hope of providing a contemporary description of their diagnosis and management with respect to recent literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following invitation, a thorough review of current literature was performed by two authors with the aim of analyzing contempory diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of traumatic cartilage management in the knee.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>A summary of measures to be considered in the diagnosis of acute traumatized cartilage is provided, alongside the comtemporary non-operative and operative options are discussed. Specific focus on cell-based therapies and return to play (RTP) metrics are discussed in the text.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is clear that in the last number of decades that our knowledge of the natural history surrounding acute traumatic cartilage injuries, their diagnosis and optimal management has been ever growing. However, these injuries are still troublesome for the young symptomatic patient, particularly those athletes hoping for early and effective RTP. Careful patient selection with thorough lesion assessment and characterization through clinical exam and radiological evaluation is warranted when managing traumatic cartilage lesions, particularly as unsuccessfully treatment has been shown to demonstrate a clear progression to early degenerative change in the form of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Treatment options vary in morbidity, effectiveness and regulatory approval, yielding international consensus statements and guidelines that cannot yet offer strong recommendations based on heterogenous evidence. Ultimately, consistency in licensing and technique will permit reliable randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses, upon which definitive international clinical guidance can be based.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and management of early hip osteoarthritis.","authors":"Kiera Lunn, Jeremy Huckleby, Cortez L Brown, Emelia Krakora, Henson Destine, Dharmesh Vyas, Justin J Hicks","doi":"10.21037/aoj-25-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-25-61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The early stages of hip osteoarthritis (OA) remain less clearly defined, particularly regarding the optimal therapeutic interventions to slow or prevent disease progression. This review synthesizes current evidence on the diagnosis and management of early hip OA, with an emphasis on hip preservation techniques. Initial management typically involves conservative measures, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), physical therapy, and corticosteroid injections. For select patients, modern surgical hip preservation techniques such as hip arthroscopy and peri-acetabular osteotomy (PAO) offer promising outcomes by preserving joint integrity and delaying or preventing the need for arthroplasty. Proper patient selection is critical for optimizing outcomes, with factors such as age, severity of arthritis, and baseline function influencing treatment success. Hip arthroscopy yields favorable results in patients with minimal joint space narrowing, Tönnis grade less than or equal to one, and mild chondral damage. PAO is most effective in younger patients with acetabular dysplasia and minimal arthritic changes. Although hip resurfacing arthroplasty remains an option for young, active male patients with good bone quality, concerns about complications have limited its use. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains the gold standard for advanced disease but may have less predictable outcomes in patients with minimal radiographic changes. Shared decision-making and thorough preoperative counseling are essential to set realistic patient expectations and guide treatment decisions. To that end, this review underscores the importance of a patient-centered approach in managing early hip OA to optimize outcomes and satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slope-reducing osteotomies: a narrative review.","authors":"Helen Audrey Williams, Samah Olomi, William Yang, Shreya Goel, Owen Kennedy, Justin Ryu, Brian C Lau","doi":"10.21037/aoj-2026-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2026-0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Slope-reducing osteotomies are designed to decrease an excessive posterior tibial slope (PTS), primarily in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency or failed ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Four main approaches exist with variable indications and outcomes. Currently, no comparative randomized studies exist on slope-reducing osteotomies for revision ACLR. This study aims to provide a narrative review of the current literature on slope-reducing osteotomies for revision ACLR and ACL deficiency, emphasizing distinct techniques and their associated indications, advantages and limitations, and outcomes. A treatment algorithm based on the indications of the different techniques is also proposed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of the current literature on slope-reducing osteotomies in the setting of ACL reconstructions and revisions was conducted, including key studies on the techniques, indications, and outcomes. The evidence is primarily based on retrospective studies and technical reports.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Slope-reducing anterior-based supratuberosity, infratuberosity, and transtuberosity osteotomies demonstrate encouraging outcomes for the treatment of elevated proximal tibial slopes in the setting of ACL graft retears. Differences among approaches exist regarding their impact on extensor mechanisms, patellar placement, recovery rates, and skill level requirements. Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) in this patient population remains insufficiently documented, although reports of outcomes among cohorts with other indications for osteotomies are promising. The standardization of preoperative planning will also be critical to optimize patient outcomes and better inform the proper surgical technique.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As the field evolves, slope-reducing osteotomies continue to show promising outcomes among patients with ACL reconstruction failures. However, heterogeneity amongst study methods and reported outcomes within the current literature limits precludes any definitive conclusions. Therefore, the choice of a slope-reducing osteotomy approach should be based on patient-specific anatomy, clinical presentation, and surgeon experience. Future steps should standardize approaches to preoperative planning, including PTS measurements, and better characterize long-term outcomes for each slope-reducing osteotomy approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The care of the contact athlete's shoulder: rotator cuff, proximal biceps, pectoralis and latissimus injuries-a narrative review.","authors":"Tyler Gardner, Sydney Solberg, Paul G Shupe, Bonnie P Gregory","doi":"10.21037/aoj-25-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-25-32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Injuries are common in contact and collision sports such as American football, soccer, hockey, lacrosse, wrestling, basketball, and rugby. Traumatic shoulder injuries are frequently encountered, with a range of presentations that demand prompt and accurate diagnosis to guide return-to-play decisions and treatment planning. While common injuries such as glenohumeral dislocations and acromioclavicular (AC) joint separations are well described in the literature, less common pathologies-including traumatic rotator cuff tears, acute proximal biceps tendon injuries, pectoralis major ruptures, and latissimus dorsi ruptures-are less well-represented in the literature. These rare, contact injuries can be diagnostically challenging and lack well-defined management algorithms, in particular for in-season athletes. The aim of this paper is to synthesize the available literature and to guide the accurate diagnosis and management of these relatively rare contact injuries of the shoulder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched multiple electronic databases for papers regarding acute pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, rotator cuff, and biceps tendon tears, specifically in contact athletes. Sources were reviewed and excluded if they focused on chronic or non-contact injuries or were greater than 20 years old.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>These injuries predominantly occur in contact and collision sports where the mechanism of injury often involves forceful impact or eccentric overload. Sideline assessments prioritize immediate triage and gross deformity recognition, whereas clinic-based evaluations afford more comprehensive musculoskeletal examination and imaging, facilitating nuanced diagnoses. This review outlines the clinical presentation, diagnostic considerations, and current evidence-based management strategies for these uncommon shoulder injuries sustained by contact athletes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although there is limited published about these rare, contact shoulder injuries, this narrative review aims to provide orthopedic surgeons and team physicians with practical insights for optimizing care in high-demand athletic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of meniscal pathology at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in performance athletes: a systematic review.","authors":"William Evans Few, Michael Mullen, J Heath Wilder, Brian Godshaw","doi":"10.21037/aoj-2026-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2026-0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meniscal pathology is a frequent and clinically important finding at the time of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, particularly in performance athletes who place high demands on knee stability, load tolerance, and return-to-sport expectations. While meniscal management in the general ACL population has been widely studied, athlete-specific literature is limited. This review evaluates the incidence, tear patterns, treatment strategies, and outcomes of meniscal pathology in professional athletes undergoing ACL reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a search of PubMed was conducted from inception to September 2025. Studies including professional athletes older than 18 years old who underwent ACL reconstruction with detailed management of concomitant meniscus tears were included. Data on incidence, tear patterns, treatment strategies, and outcomes were extracted. Study quality was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies including 519 patients (18% female) with a weighted mean age of 23.7 years were included. Four studies reported outcomes at minimum 1 year follow-up. Across cohorts, meniscal injuries were highly prevalent, with reported rates ranging from 59% to 86%. Longitudinal posterior horn tears were the most common tear morphology, while ramp lesions and lateral posterior root tears were also frequently identified. Meniscal preservation was strongly favored, with repair performed in most reparable tears. Medial meniscal tears demonstrated higher failure and secondary meniscectomy rates than lateral tears, especially when repaired with all-inside techniques, whereas inside-out and suture-hook techniques appeared more favorable for medial-sided pathology. Sport-specific differences were noted, with soccer players demonstrating more medial and posterior root pathology and skiers exhibiting relatively more complex and lateral-sided lesions. Despite variability in rehabilitation protocols, meniscal repair did not appear to compromise return-to-sport and may support longer athletic career longevity compared with meniscectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence supports a preservation-first strategy for meniscus tears during ACL reconstruction in performance athletes. Meniscectomy should be reserved for irreparable or nonfunctional tissue. Although available data are limited by retrospective designs and heterogeneity, meniscal preservation at the time of ACL reconstruction appears to optimize both return-to-play potential and long-term joint health in this high-demand population.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Expert consensus on vitamin D in osteoporosis.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/aoj-20262-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-20262-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/aoj-24-48.].</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling technology in total knee arthroplasty: current concepts in 2026.","authors":"Kristen I Barton, Riley J Boyle, Douglas A Dennis, Charlie Yang","doi":"10.21037/aoj-2026-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2026-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) instrumentation and surgical techniques have significantly evolved over the past twenty years from conventional manual tools to including enabling technology, and will continue to advance at an exponential rate. Advancements in TKA technologies were first developed to aid the surgeon in refining surgical planning, improving surgical accuracy, and enhancing decision making. Yet the advancements in TKA technology within the past decade, specifically robotics, have yet to translate into significant clinical improvements for patients. With the goal of improving patient satisfaction and functional outcomes, there is a growing role of enabling technologies in refining alignment strategies for TKA This review comprehensively evaluates the impact of enabling TKA technology. The review discusses the role of enabling technology in 2026, including computer assisted navigation, robotic-assisted navigation (full active <i>vs.</i> semi-active robotic TKA systems), patient-specific instrumentation, intraoperative pressure sensors, augmented and virtual reality technology, 3D printing technology, digital health tools, and artificial intelligence applications in TKA. While enabling technologies improve accuracy and intraoperative decision-making, long-term superiority in clinical outcomes is not yet established for many enabling TKA technologies. Additional high-quality studies with long-term follow up are warranted on utilizing enabling technology with long-term follow up on patient reported outcomes, implant survivorship, and cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of approved robotic systems for knee and hip arthroplasty: a narrative review.","authors":"Filippo Migliorini, Nicola Maffulli, Luise Schäfer, Francesco Simeone, Raju Vaishya, Andreas Bell","doi":"10.21037/aoj-2026-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2026-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Robotic assistance in arthroplasty is now embedded in routine practice across many centres, yet information about which platforms are validated, what they can be used for legally, and how they differ technically is dispersed across regulatory notices and heterogeneous clinical reports. This narrative review synthesises PubMed-indexed evidence and primary regulatory sources to provide a comprehensive overview of currently approved systems for knee and hip arthroplasty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched in August 2025 to identify relevant literature on approved robotic systems for knee and hip arthroplasty. Primary regulatory sources were also consulted to confirm approval status, indications, and technical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Architectures include active robots that autonomously mill bone, semi-active platforms that constrain surgeons' actions within haptic boundaries or guide saw cuts, and handheld solutions that add motorised control with real-time navigation. Imaging strategies span computed tomography-based planning, imageless intraoperative mapping, and fluoroscopy-guided registration in selected hip and knee applications. Most platforms are closed to the manufacturer's implant ecosystem, while a smaller group operates as open platforms with multi-implant compatibility. Across major markets, approvals are concentrated on total knee arthroplasty, with several systems also cleared for unicondylar knee arthroplasty and one imageless handheld platform carrying a specific indication for selected revision knee procedures. In the hip domain, approvals focus on total hip arthroplasty, and dedicated indications for hip hemiarthroplasty were not identified. Adoption has expanded in North America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region, supported by evidence of improved radiographic precision and safety broadly comparable to conventional techniques. However, claims of clinical superiority between platforms remain unproven and are confounded by differences in workflows, implants, and learning curves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By consolidating technical characteristics, approved indications, and regulatory status, this review may facilitate the selection, procurement, and implementation of these technologies and inform future work on interoperability, training, and value.</p>","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The unintended consequences of outpatient total joint arthroplasty: a rising complication burden and decreasing reimbursement with the patients left behind.","authors":"Seleem Elkadi, Matthew Salzler","doi":"10.21037/aoj-2026-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aoj-2026-0032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44459,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Joint","volume":"11 ","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13743885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149371867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}