Water Research最新文献

{"title":"High-precision inversion of urban river water quality via integration of riparian spatial structures and river spectral signatures","authors":"Honghao Wang ,&nbsp;Chun Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Li ,&nbsp;Yuanhang Kong ,&nbsp;Akram Akbar ,&nbsp;Xiaoteng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the ongoing process of urbanization, it poses challenges to the monitoring of water quality in urban rivers. The mainstream methods for remote sensing water quality monitoring rely on the optical characteristics of water to achieve water quality inversion, while overlooking the correlation between water quality and riparian zones. The spatial arrangement and scale fluctuation of the riparian zones exert a substantial influence on water quality as it serves as an intermediary region connecting riverine and terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, this study firstly employed unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne multispectral remote sensing technology to capture the subtle variations in urban river water quality and obtain detailed spatial information of the riparian zone. The Liang–Kleeman information flow was subsequently employed to quantitatively assess the causal responses of the spatial composition of riparian zone to water quality parameters across various spatial scales. Finally, we developed a hierarchical ensemble learning model for water quality assessment by integrating the spatial characteristics of the riparian zone with the spectral properties of the water body. The result demonstrates that this model accurately delineated water quality grades for three key parameters: ammonia nitrogen (NH₃<img>N), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphorus (TP), achieving accuracies of 94.87 %, 92.31 %, and 89.74 %, respectively. Our study presents a water quality inversion method for urban rivers, which holds significant guidance for the monitoring and management of urban rivers and contributes to further promoting the sustainable development of cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 123378"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYNAMICALLY PREDICTING NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS IN A FULL-SCALE INDUSTRIAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE REACTOR UNDER MULTIPLE AERATION PATTERNS AND COD/N RATIOS","authors":"Tianyu Lei, Jaime Whale-Obrero, Sille B. Larsen, Kasper Kjellberg, Krist V. Gernaey, Xavier Flores-Alsina","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.123379","url":null,"abstract":"The use of digital tools has become essential for quantifying and predicting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), enabling the development of operational regimes with a high probability of achieving net-zero targets. However, comprehensive studies documenting validation of model predictions—such as effluent quality, process economics, and emission factors—remain scarce within full-scale industrial settings. This paper aims to develop a decision support tool (DST) for (dynamically) predicting nitrous oxide (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) emissions in full-scale industrial activated sludge reactors (ASRs) and suggesting mitigation strategies. The DST, incorporating both biological and physico-chemical processes, was developed to address the unique characteristics of industrial wastewater. Specialized Gas-Liquid (G-L) mass transfer routines were also formulated to account for alternating anoxic and aerobic conditions in covered reactors. The proposed approach was validated using full-scale data collected at varying frequencies (from daily to minute intervals) during different campaigns at the largest industrial wastewater treatment system in Northern Europe. The DST was further tested across multiple aeration patterns and influent COD/N ratios. Results show that DST simulations can reproduce (daily) biological COD and nitrogen removal, sulfur transformations, and the physico-chemical precipitation of phosphorus with aluminum, achieving a deviation of 8.6% over a six-week period. High-frequency (minute-level) dynamics for multiple nitrogen species (NH&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;, NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;, dissolved and gaseous N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O), dissolved oxygen (DO), and airflow were captured with a NRMSE of 0.16, 0.14 and 0.11 for three evaluated operational strategies (&lt;em&gt;Baseline, Scenario #1&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;#2&lt;/em&gt;), respectively. Both plant data and DST predictions indicate that the correlation (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; up to 0.9) between emission factors (EFs) and influent COD/N ratios is significantly influenced by: i) oxygen supply dynamics (fast/slow) and ii) the duration of aeration periods. These EFs range from 0.2% to 1.4%. Analysis of derivatives identifies the denitrification (DEN) pathway as the primary contributor to N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O production, peaking at the anoxic phases, with the nitrifier-denitrification (ND) pathway contributing to a lesser extent at the end of aeration. Additionally, the DST generated response surfaces illustrating the key performance indicator (KPI) variations in EFs, nitrification capacity, effluent quality, and aeration energy consumption as functions of different aeration setpoints (DO and NO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;) across varying COD/N loads. The DST provided optimized strategies targeting those KPIs, which were successfully applied on site with improvements of most of the KPIs, achieving up to 71% reductions of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission (1.4% to 0.4%), potentially mitigating more tha","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sludge retention time in anaerobic digestion affects Archaea by a cascade through microeukaryotes","authors":"Maria Badra,&nbsp;Jule Freudenthal,&nbsp;Kenneth Dumack","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anaerobic digestion is a crucial process for treating organic waste, such as wastewater sludge, agricultural residues and food waste. While the influence of physicochemical parameters on the prokaryotic community composition in anaerobic digesters has been extensively characterized, the role of biotic interactions in shaping the prokaryotic communities remains poorly understood. This study addresses this knowledge gap by analyzing the complete active microbiome of nine full-scale anaerobic digesters. Our findings reveal that eukaryotes, consisting primarily of protists and fungi, account for approximately 40 % of RNA sequence reads alongside dominant Archaea, indicating their substantial role in the digestion process. Our results suggest that the chosen sludge retention time during anaerobic digestion indirectly affects the archaeal community composition and thus treatment efficacy by cascading through eukaryotes, highlighting their integral role in the system. This study highlights the critical role of eukaryotes in regulating prokaryotic communities and their indirect contribution to the optimization of anaerobic digestion efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 123371"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sources of bioavailable toxic metals in sediments regulated their aggregated form, environmental responses and health risk-a case study in Liujiang River Basin, China","authors":"Miao Xiongyi ,&nbsp;Wei Xueqin ,&nbsp;Hao Yupei ,&nbsp;Zhao Xiqian ,&nbsp;Zhou Xiaohua","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioavailable toxic metals (BTMs) predominantly stem from anthropogenic emissions, but their emission inventory remain unspecified. Considering the regulation of toxic metals (TMs) forms, variations in BTMs input linked to sources likely result from specific TM forms. To test this, we identified BTMs sources in Liujiang River Basin sediments, focusing on their aggregation and risk based on varying TMs forms. The findings indicated BTMs ratios decreased in the order as follows: Cd &gt; Pb &gt; Zn &gt; Cu &gt; As &gt; Cr &gt; Hg. PMF identified BTMs sourced from industrial, agricultural, and mining emissions with ratio of 43.2 %, 36.7 % and 20.2 %, respectively. The correspondences between the correlation coefficients of TMs forms and the sources proportions suggested reducible forms were predominantly present in industrial BTMs, whereas residual and carbonate-bound forms were less abundant in mining and agricultural BTMs, respectively. Additionally, the correspondence between correlations of environmental parameters and the sources proportions confirmed different responses of industrial, agricultural and mining BTMs for Eh, for OM and Mz and for pH, TDS and EC, respectively. HI values, generally within 1, suggested the absence of non-carcinogenic risks. Conversely, TCR values, frequently exceeded 10⁻⁶, highlighted a significant carcinogenic risk, particularly for children. Considering industrial BTMs contributed most to both HI and TCR values, frequent aeration in sediments, particularly for industrial zones, will effectively alleviate the aggregation of BTMs in Liujiang River Basin. This study confirmed TMs forms in discharged wastewater are tightly related to BTMs aggregations, therefore, strengthening their monitoring is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 123369"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of sewer sampling methods for infectious disease surveillance: Insights from transport modeling and simulations of SARS-CoV-2 emissions","authors":"Min Jeong Ban ,&nbsp;Keugtae Kim ,&nbsp;Sungpyo Kim ,&nbsp;Lan Hee Kim ,&nbsp;Joo-Hyon Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging infectious diseases like COVID-19 present significant public health challenges, necessitating effective surveillance methods. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), detecting viral pathogens in wastewater, has emerged as a proactive tool for monitoring infections. This study evaluated various wastewter sampling methods through SARS-CoV-2 transport simulations in an urban sewer network in Sejong City, South Korea, to identify cost-effective strategies for accurate infection monitoring. Using the U.S. EPA's Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, we simulated wastewater flow and viral concentrations based on reported COVID-19 case data for the year 2021. In this study, we used reported COVID-19 cases as a hypothetical estimate of the number of infected individuals in the simulation. The SWMM effectively replicated daily and monthly patterns in sewer flow rates. Combining the SWMM with MCMC sampling from the probability distributions of spatio-temporal virus emission patterns, we generated an ensemble time series dataset of hourly virus concentrations based on 200 simulations, forming the basis for evaluating sampling alternatives. Results showed a strong correlation (R² = 0.81) between daily average virus concentrations and daily infection rates on the fifth day following new infections, consistent with simulated viral emission patterns. Flow-weighted and equally timed sampling methods provided highly reliable infection pattern estimates, suggesting that equally timed sampling is a cost-effective alternative. In contrast, grab sampling performed poorly due to difficulties in capturing peak viral emission periods. We found that a minimum sampling duration of four to six hours was crucial for accurate detection, with performance increasing if the sampling was applied in the morning (R² ≈ 0.7). Longer durations steadily, but only slightly, improved results. While this simulation-based approach focused on predicting daily virus concentration patterns in wastewater rather than precisely estimating its absolute levels, it provides valuable insights for optimizing WBE in public health surveillance and underscores the need for further validation with real-world data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 123373"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial interactions of submicron plastics with carbon dots: Insights into the interface properties of microplastic weathering","authors":"Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Yuan Jiao ,&nbsp;Chunfan Yang ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Wenjun Li ,&nbsp;Tianwei Qian ,&nbsp;Xiaona Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interfacial properties and environmental behavior of microplastics (MPs) will change with weathering. A new idea to study the interfacial properties of MPs is provided based on fluorescence response and light scattering changes. Submicron microspheres (PS-AA) obtained by soap-free emulsion polymerization have a well-defined composition and clean surface with carboxyl groups. The interfacial properties of PS-AA changed after Fenton and UV aging, and the sharp edges became blurred. Information on the interfacial interactions of leaf-derived carbon dots (R-CDs) and citrate carbon dots (B-CDs) with aged PS-AA was obtained by recording fluorescence and scattering changes. R-CDs can fluorescently respond to carrying contaminants on aged PS-AA, and their correlation increases with the degree of aging (R²=0.8388). The scattering peak of PS-AA decreased after aging, and the change in scattering/fluorescence ratios with concentration had a good linear relationship under the coexistence of B-CDs (R²=0.9983). Aging of PS-AA increases the contamination-carrying capacity and decreases the optical properties, which may be attributed to the increased oxygen-containing functional groups, ring opening of substituted benzene, and shell decomposition. The response mechanism of carbon dots (CDs), the aging process of PS-AA, and the interfacial behavior were further explained based on the density functional theory (DFT). This study reveals the changes in interfacial properties of submicron plastics with the aging process based on fluorescence response and scattering changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 123377"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking interfacial electron transfer in biophotoelectrochemical processes: Role of extracellular polymeric substances in aquatic environments","authors":"Andong Hu ,&nbsp;Bing Li ,&nbsp;Shang Yang ,&nbsp;Chaohui Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Ye ,&nbsp;Yuefei Huang ,&nbsp;Shungui Zhou ,&nbsp;Guangqian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biophotoelectrochemical process (BPECs) integrates the light-absorbing capabilities of nano-semiconductors with the catalytic efficiency of microorganisms, demonstrating significant potential for the development, utilization, transformation, and ecological restoration of water resources. In aquatic environments, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) serve as a critical interfacial barrier between microorganisms and semiconductor materials, with the underlying electron transfer mechanisms playing a pivotal role in determining the efficiency of bio-photochemical reactions. Despite their importance, the rapidity and complexity of the electron transfer process within EPS pose significant challenges to a comprehensive understanding of BPECs. In this study, an in-situ characterization strategy was employed to rapidly and accurately analyze the components and pathways of photogenerated electron transfer involving EPS at interfaces. The findings indicate that EPS significantly accelerates the transfer of photogenerated electrons within BPECs. Specifically, proteins and redox-active substances within EPS act as efficient conduits for electron transfer, accounting for up to 84.2% of the increased speed in electron transfer rates at bio-abiotic interfaces. Conversely, polysaccharides within EPS impede the electron transfer process but serve as substrates that facilitate methane (CH₄) production. The in-situ characterization approach used in this research provides valuable insights into the interfacial electron transfer mechanisms of EPS in BPECs, emphasizing their relevance in aquatic environments. This study establishes a theoretical framework for designing high-performance BPECs, with significant implications for the energy utilization of water resources and the transformation of water pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 123375"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic biological treatment of hydrothermal liquefaction process water of sewage sludge: Nitrification inhibition and removal of hazardous pollutants","authors":"Williane Vieira Macêdo ,&nbsp;Jakob Schelde Madsen ,&nbsp;Patrick Schacksen ,&nbsp;Rellegadla Sandeep ,&nbsp;Jeppe Lund Nielsen ,&nbsp;Patrick Biller ,&nbsp;Leendert Vergeynst","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) in wastewater treatment is promising for converting sewage sludge into biofuels and fertilizers. However, challenges arise due to the ecotoxicity and nitrification-inhibiting properties of HTL process water. This study investigated the activated sludge treatment of HTL process water in continuous lab-scale reactors, focusing on the adaptive capacity of microbial communities and degradation of HTL-derived pollutants. Continuous activated sludge reactors were operated with process water up to expected levels of 145 mgCOD⋅L⁻¹. Results showed that prolonged exposure did not adversely affect the removal of organic matter, organic nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen. Activated sludge treatment with a hydraulic retention time of 15 h was able to reduce the nitrification inhibition potential in the effluent by 63–69 % compared to the influent. Furthermore, nitrification inhibition assays showed a 2.6 times reduced sensitivity in adapted versus non-adapted biomass. The nitrifying community composition was unaltered after several months of exposure, suggesting that heterotrophic degradation of inhibitory compounds protected the nitrifying community from the cytotoxic effects. Chemical analysis identified 40 pollutants in the process water, of which activated sludge effectively degraded amines, linear and cyclic amides, cyclic ketones, and hydroxy aromatics with removal efficiencies above 90 %. However, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, particularly alkylated pyrazines and methylquinoline, were more recalcitrant to treatment, with removal rates ranging from 10 to 80 %. Effluent concentrations for some of these compounds, ranging from 1 to 50 µg⋅L⁻¹, were close to or surpassed the predicted no-effect concentrations, raising concerns about potential environmental impacts of integrating hydrothermal liquefaction into conventional wastewater treatment plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 123351"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral types dominate microbiomes and biogeochemical cycling in acid mine drainage","authors":"Ye Huang ,&nbsp;Xiu-Tong Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Jiang ,&nbsp;Zong-Ling Liang ,&nbsp;Wan Liu ,&nbsp;Zheng-Hua Liu ,&nbsp;Liang-Zhi Li ,&nbsp;Zhen-Ni Yang ,&nbsp;Guo-Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Hua-Qun Yin ,&nbsp;Jie-Liang Liang ,&nbsp;Nan Zhou ,&nbsp;Shuang-Jiang Liu ,&nbsp;Cheng-Ying Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acid mine drainage (AMD) environments are typically used as models to study the crucial roles of acidophilic microbes in aquatic environments. Nevertheless, knowledge regarding microbial-driven biogeochemical cycling across mining regions remains limited. In this study, a metagenomics-based approach was employed to explore the diversity, composition, and ecological functions of microbiomes in global AMD environments with different mineral types. A total of 226 metagenomes, covering 12 mineral types of AMD, were analyzed. As a result, 2114 microbial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were obtained, representing members from 33 bacterial phyla and 8 archaeal phyla. The core taxa and functional groups in AMDs were identified. Additionally, twelve bacterial and two archaeal lineages were discovered for the first time in AMD environments. The specific metabolic potentials of these genomes were also determined. Our results revealed a high level of specialization in the diversity structures and ecological functions of AMD microbial communities based on mineral-type conditions. Mineral type significantly contributed to the dissimilarity in the AMD microbiomes, especially in water environments, underscoring the pivotal role of mineral types in shaping the microbial community in the AMD environment. Collectively, these findings provide novel perspectives on the ecology and metabolism of microbiomes in extreme AMD environments globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 123367"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct solid-phase nitrogenous fertilizer recovery from wastewater: The hybrid system of membrane contactor and solvent-driven fractional crystallization","authors":"Jaebeom Park ,&nbsp;Changmin Lee ,&nbsp;Younghun Kim ,&nbsp;Dongwhan Lee ,&nbsp;Jong Kwon Choe ,&nbsp;Yongju Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a novel configuration that integrates a membrane contactor with solvent-driven fractional crystallization (SDFC) to recover ammonia from wastewater and produce it as solid-phase nitrogenous fertilizers. A liquid-gas membrane contactor strips ammonia from wastewater in a gaseous form, which enters a strip tank containing a binary mixture of an aqueous anion solution and an organic solvent. There, the ammonia reacts with anions, instantly protonating and forming solid-phase fertilizers. Batch SDFC experiments identified phosphate and sulfate as viable options for producing solid-phase fertilizers from the ammonia gas entering the strip tank. The hybrid system utilizing these acids produced high-grade fertilizers free from soil acidification concerns: a mixture of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate, and pure ammonium sulfate. Ammonium sulfate crystals in the strip tank grew epitaxially, representing a unique ammonium sulfate crystallization pattern when ammonium concentration gradually increased to supersaturation. A single system run produced solid fertilizers that amounted to 81.54 and 83.84% of the initially added phosphoric and sulfuric acid, respectively. Organic solvents in the strip tank could be recycled for at least five cycles while maintaining crystallization efficiencies of <span><math><mo>≥</mo></math></span>82.63%. These results highlight the potential for semi-permanent operation of the system without the need for solvent replenishment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 123372"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}