EURO Journal on Decision Processes最新文献_第8页

Choice-making and choose-ables: making decision agents more human and choosy 决策和选择表:使决策代理更人性化和更挑剔

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0092-5

Lorraine Dodd

{"title":"Choice-making and choose-ables: making decision agents more human and choosy","authors":"Lorraine Dodd","doi":"10.1007/s40070-018-0092-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40070-018-0092-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper discusses concepts that might shape, extend, limit or re-focus an agent’s set of options that can then be thought of as that particular agent’s potential in terms of their ways forward and degrees of freedom. Because there is no unambiguous word that conveys the meaning of this higher order concept of choice-making, the term “choose-able” has been adopted in order to distinguish it from the usual decision concepts known as choice or option. An agent’s choose-ables are defined as the imagined deemed possible ways forward, that the agent has to construct, compose or create before they can choose. The central concept of a choose-able is a very powerful one if only it could be surfaced and made explicit. It is often only possible to make inferences about the nature of choose-ables after observing the actions taken once a choice has been made. Drama theory formally develops this kind of inferencing and provided a foundation for this paper as it explores the relational realms of options. The paper presents a funnelling construct and then draws together Catastrophe theory and Culture theory to offer new ways of analysing the shaping effects of relational contexts on an agent’s choose-ables that then act as a medium through which agents are drawn to make choices and carry out observable actions. The strength of the combination of the theories lies in their descriptive power of subjective, relational concepts that hitherto have tended to remain hidden and tacit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44104,"journal":{"name":"EURO Journal on Decision Processes","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 101-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40070-018-0092-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46952864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the effectiveness of economic sanctions 评估经济制裁的有效性

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-019-00096-3

Bader Sabtan , MarcD. Kilgour , KeithW. Hipel

{"title":"Assessing the effectiveness of economic sanctions","authors":"Bader Sabtan , MarcD. Kilgour , KeithW. Hipel","doi":"10.1007/s40070-019-00096-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40070-019-00096-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The strength of sanctions can significantly impact the outcome of a dispute. The effectiveness of economic sanctions will be explored within the context of the conflict between Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and US shale oil producers in 2014. The outcome was not what OPEC anticipated, perhaps because OPEC misperceived the opponent’s preferences. Sensitivity to sanctions is a major component of a decision maker’s preferences when a dispute, or a negotiation, is modeled within the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR). This study uses Inverse GMCR to determine what preference rankings would be required for the conflict to end as OPEC wished. The difference between the original preference ranking and the required rankings reflects the miscalculation of the strength of the economic “squeeze” that OPEC imposed when it flooded the market with oil to reduce the price. OPEC expected this sanction to be strong enough to damage, and perhaps destroy, the shale industry, but shale producers were able to withstand it. The graph model analysis suggests why this conflict ended as it did, and provides guidelines for understanding whether sanctions can be effective in forcing a particular outcome on a dispute.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44104,"journal":{"name":"EURO Journal on Decision Processes","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 69-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40070-019-00096-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49385068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Offer and veto: an experimental comparison of two negotiation procedures 提议与否决:两种谈判程序的实验比较

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0093-4

Michael Filzmoser , JohannesR. Gettinger

引用次数: 4

A game-theoretical analysis of joint-rebate strategies in platform-based retailing systems 基于平台零售系统联合返利策略的博弈论分析

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0091-6

Hongyan Li , Shiming Deng

{"title":"A game-theoretical analysis of joint-rebate strategies in platform-based retailing systems","authors":"Hongyan Li , Shiming Deng","doi":"10.1007/s40070-018-0091-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40070-018-0091-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rebates are commonly used as one of the most important short-term promotion tactics in retailing industries. In this paper, we study a platform-based retail system consisting of a retail platform who provides a retail facility and a product seller who sells products through the retail platform. The seller pays rent and also a percentage of his revenue to the platform as commissions for using the facility and services of the platform. In a promotion program, both the retail platform and the seller have strategic options of either offering rebates individually or launching a joint rebate. The parties are free to choose their rebate amounts, if any, and their decisions are, therefore, handled as endogenous decisions in our model. We investigate the optimal rebate strategies and performance of each party in the retail system analytically. Research results show that, given an exogenous retail price and a commission rate, the platform and the seller may choose a unilateral rebate or a joint-rebate program. For any log-concave demand function, we prove that an equilibrium on rebates of the platform and the seller exists and is unique. Furthermore, several managerial insights are presented with regard to the selection of rebate programs. Finally, we address the endogenous pricing problem as an extension of the original problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44104,"journal":{"name":"EURO Journal on Decision Processes","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 117-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40070-018-0091-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46828895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Bargaining over shares of uncertain future profits 为不确定的未来利润而讨价还价

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-019-00095-4

Yigal Gerchak , Eugene Khmelnitsky

引用次数: 4

Application of a hybrid Delphi and aggregation–disaggregation procedure for group decision-making 混合德尔菲法和聚集-分解法在群体决策中的应用

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2019-05-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0094-3

Andrej Bregar

引用次数: 4

Interactive resolution of multiobjective combinatorial optimization problems by incremental elicitation of criteria weights 基于准则权值增量提取的多目标组合优化问题交互式求解

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0085-4

Nawal Benabbou , Patrice Perny

引用次数: 14

The need of diagrams based on Toulmin schema application: an aeronautical case study 基于图尔敏模式应用的图的需求:以航空为例

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0086-3

Thomas Polacsek , Sanjiv Sharma , Claude Cuiller , Vincent Tuloup

{"title":"The need of diagrams based on Toulmin schema application: an aeronautical case study","authors":"Thomas Polacsek , Sanjiv Sharma , Claude Cuiller , Vincent Tuloup","doi":"10.1007/s40070-018-0086-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40070-018-0086-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, justification diagrams are introduced for structuring evidence to support conclusions that are reached from results of simulation studies. An industrial application is used to illustrate the use of the justification diagrams. Adapted from the Toulmin schema, the aim of justification diagram is to define a comprehensive, auditable and shareable notation to explain the results, the input data, the assumptions made and the techniques applied, to construct a cogent conclusion. Further, the dustification diagrams provide a visual representation of the argument that aims to corroborate the specified claims, or conclusions. A large part of this work is based on the application of the justification diagrams in the context of the European project, TOICA. The justification diagrams were used to structure all justifications that would be needed to convince an authority that a simulation process, and the associated results, upheld a particular conclusion. These diagrams are built concurrently in a product development process that accompanies the various stages of Verification and Validation (V&V) and where, for each design stage of V&V, argumentation is constructed by aggregating evidence and documents produced at this design stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44104,"journal":{"name":"EURO Journal on Decision Processes","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 257-282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40070-018-0086-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47880551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

A practical application approach to argumentation for multicriteria analysis and decision support 多标准分析和决策支持论证的实际应用方法

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0087-2

Rallou Thomopoulos

引用次数: 9

Factors influencing the ratio bias 影响比例偏差的因素

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EURO Journal on Decision Processes Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40070-018-0082-7

David Bourdin , Rudolf Vetschera

{"title":"Factors influencing the ratio bias","authors":"David Bourdin , Rudolf Vetschera","doi":"10.1007/s40070-018-0082-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40070-018-0082-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ratio bias refers to the tendency of individuals to judge probabilities expressed as ratios of large numbers as more likely than equivalent or even higher probabilities expressed as a ratio of small numbers. For example, the ratio bias effect occurs when a lottery offering a 9/100 chance of winning is preferred over a lottery that offers a 1/10 chance of winning. Although previous empirical research has found evidence for the ratio bias, the exact conditions under which this effect occurs are still unclear and there is a lack of rigor in distinguishing the ratio bias from other similar effects. In this article, besides providing a comprehensive and integrative literature review, we present the results of an experiment in which we extend previous research on the ratio bias by comparing deviations both in favor of low- and high-number alternatives, as well as allowing for indifference. Results indicate that a systematic deviation in favor of high-number alternatives does exist, but that the ratio bias must be clearly distinguished from a general tendency to indicate indifference. Concerning characteristics of the problem and the decision maker, we find significant influences of probability levels involved (the ratio bias occurs more frequently for low probabilities), and of gender (the bias occurs more often among female subjects).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":44104,"journal":{"name":"EURO Journal on Decision Processes","volume":"6 3","pages":"Pages 321-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40070-018-0082-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44883262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5