Galen Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the Prognostic Value of Monocyte-to-HDL Ratio in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.","authors":"Ahmad Separham, Naser Aslan-Abadi, Hamid Sedigh, Reza Javan-Ajdadi, Kazem Mehravani","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i0.3126","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i0.3126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) as a marker of inflammation in patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with a diagnosis of STEMI who underwent PCI between March 2021 and March 2022 at Madani Training and Research Hospital in Tabriz, Iran. Data regarding clinical and demographic properties, and laboratory parameters were obtained from medical records. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the median of admission MHR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population consisted of 652 patients, 378 males (58%), and 275 females (42%), with a median age of 68 years (interquartile range: 57-77). Results showed that groups with higher MHR (15.59) had higher rates of in-hospital mortality and higher major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in comparison with the group featuring lower MHR (15.59). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that MHR could predict in-hospital mortality with a 75.7% sensitivity and 53.5% specificity, as well as predict MACE with 60.2% sensitivity and 59.7% specificity. Multivariate analyses indicated that MHR is an independent predictor of both in-hospital mortality (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, P=0.002) and MACE (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, P0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research indicated that the rise in MHR was independently associated with a higher risk of MACE and in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the prognostic value of monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) in primary PCI STEMI patients","authors":"A. Separham, Naser Aslan-abadi, H. Sedigh, Reza Javan-ajdadi, Kazem Mehravani","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3126","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) as a marker of inflammation in patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with a diagnosis of STEMI who underwent PCI between March 2021 and March 2022 at Madani Training and Research Hospital in Tabriz, Iran. Data regarding clinical and demographic properties, and laboratory parameters were obtained from medical records. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the median of admission MHR. Results: The study population consisted of 652 patients, 378 males (58%), and 275 females (42%), with a median age of 68 years (interquartile range: 57-77). Results showed that groups with higher MHR (>15.59) had higher rates of in-hospital mortality and higher major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in comparison with the group featuring lower MHR (<15.59). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that MHR could predict in-hospital mortality with a 75.7% sensitivity and 53.5% specificity, as well as predict MACE with 60.2% sensitivity and 59.7% specificity. Multivariate analyses indicated that MHR is an independent predictor of both in-hospital mortality (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, P=0.002) and MACE (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, P<0.001). Conclusion: This research indicated that the rise in MHR was independently associated with a higher risk of MACE and in-hospital mortality in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI.","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138619180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer Metastasis to the Brain: A New Therapeutic Perspective","authors":"Baback Khanegheini, Afsaneh Ghasemi, Mohammad Amin Heidari, Kamkar Aeinfar, Sina Firoozi, Mona Tamaddon, Zhila Fereidouni","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Self-care Behaviors, Educational Interventions, and Follow-up Strategies on Hospital Readmission and Mortality Rates in Patients with Heart Failure","authors":"Zahra Khosravirad, Mohammad Rostamzadeh, Shiva Azizi, Mehran Khodashenas, Babak Khodadoustan Shahraki, Farangis Ghasemi, Maryam Ghorbanzadeh","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3116","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure (HF), a worldwide epidemic with significant morbidity and mortality risks, is frequently secondary to cardiovascular disorders and probably is the common final way to survive patients. Almost 25% of hospitalized patients with acute HF are expected to be readmitted within 30 days post-discharge, and the rates of rehospitalization increase to almost one-third at 60 days and 60 percent within one year of discharge. Although care planning for patients with heart failure is complex, multidisciplinary, and resource-dependent, optimal self-care management along with appropriate educational intervention and follow-up strategy could be able to reduce readmissions, decline the duration of hospitalization, increase life expectancy, decrease the rates of mortality, and reduce costs of healthcare services for patients with HF. However, there are contradictions in previous reports about the efficacy of self-care, mainly due to patients’ non-adherence to self-care behaviors. Therefore, the current study aimed to review the investigations on the effectiveness of self-care of HF patients in reducing hospital readmissions and increasing quality of life, and discuss novel approaches for predischarge educational interventions and postdischarge follow-up strategies.","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"14 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of ChatGPT in Medical Content Development: Challenges and Hope","authors":"Akhilesh Vikram Singh, Anudwipa Singh","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broken Heart Syndrome: A Rare Case of Recurrent Reverse Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Associated with Acute Respiratory Failure","authors":"Samina Jabeen, Deepak Pattanshetty","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.3103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.3103","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Takotsubo cardiomyopathy accounts for 1% of acute coronary syndrome presentations and has been increasingly recognized.1 Reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, a variant form of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy has been described which presents with hyperdynamic function of the apical segments and hypokinesis of the basal or mid-ventricular segments, is the rarest type of acute stress cardiomyopathy, with mid-ventricular akinesia and preservation of apical and basal contractility.2 \u0000Case Report: \u0000We report the rare case of an elderly lady admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory failure due to exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease and heart failure. Echocardiography revealed reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Cardiac catheterization showed nonobstructive coronary artery disease. The wall motion abnormalities resolved in 2 weeks. The case is unique in that she had an identical presentation one year earlier after she had entered the same dusty room!  \u0000Conclusion: \u0000This case demonstrates that reverse Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with identical wall motion abnormalities can recur in a patient when re-exposed to similar stressful situation. Early recognition and appropriate management can prevent catastrophic outcomes.","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"217 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138621090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puncture site bleeding complications of peripheral nerve block in patients taking antithrombotic and anticoagulant drugs: An umbrella review","authors":"Ahmad Rastgarian, Khatereh Dehghani, Shahram Shafa, Mohammad Sadegh Sanie Jahromi, Mansour Deylami, Soha Azizi, Mohammad Zarenezhad, Kaveh Hedayati Emami, Vahid Rahmanian, Tayyebeh Zarei, Navid Kalani","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.2958","url":null,"abstract":"background: While there are multiple guidelines for the management of bleeding complications and hematoma if being treated with antithrombotic and anticoagulant drugs, these risks are not yet stratified for procedures with regional anesthesia. Materials and Methods: This study was an umbrella review of systematic studies and meta-analysis based on PRISMA guidelines in databases of Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Due to heterogeneity in evaluated outcomes and methods of studies, only the qualitative evidence synthesis was performed. AMSTAR checklist was used to assess the risk of bias in included systematic reviews. Results: After an extensive search of relevant studies, 971 primary cases were identified. Following a thorough screening process, 5 systematic reviews were selected. The evidence suggests that head and neck punctures generally do not result in bleeding complications, except for rare cases of hematoma associated with Infraclavicular brachial plexus block. A deep cervical plexus block is not recommended. Interscalene blocks have varying findings, with some studies reporting hematoma incidence and spinal injury, while others consider them low risk. Supraclavicular brachial plexus block might be associated with hemothorax and infraclavicular blocks are not favored by reviews. Axillary brachial plexus blocks have a minor incidence of hematoma. Abdomen blocks, TAP blocks, ilioinguinal blocks, and rectus sheath blocks carry a higher risk of hematoma. Pectoral nerve (PECS) blocks have a relatively high risk, while paravertebral and intercostal blocks are considered high risk, but further research is needed regarding paravertebral blocks. Conclusion: The available evidence from systematic reviews and studies suggests varying levels of risk for different blocks and procedures that should be considered before decision-making.","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"115 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136070209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Histopathological Findings in Appendectomy Specimens in an Iranian Population","authors":"Mahmoud Agholi, Farideh Esfandiari, Hamid Reza Heidarian, Fatemeh Khajeh, Zahra Sharafi, Ehsan Masoudi, Mohammad Rayani","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v12i.2482","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal surgeries. The importance of parasitic etiologies in the pathogenesis of appendicitis is not well known in appendectomy specimens on a large scale in southwestern Iran. The current study aimed to retrospectively assess the demographic data and histopathological records of appendicitis in a 28-year period in Fars province, southwestern Iran. Materials and Methods: Histopathological records of 13,013 patients who had undergone surgeries for appendicitis at Dr. Ali Shariati Hospital, affiliated with the Fasa University of Medical Sciences from December 1993 to January 2021 were reviewed and data concerning the patients' demographic data and histopathological records were retrieved from each record. More than 6800 archived microscopic glass slides were also reviewed. Results: From a total of 13,013 histopathological records of surgical excisions of appendicitis that were reviewed over a 28-year period, 8,189 (62.9%) were male and 4,842 (37.1%) were female. Patients' age ranged from 2 to 98 years, with a mean age of 24.68±19.87 years. The most common inflammatory changes were 5,687 (43.7%), 1,228 (9.4%), 670 (5.1%), 522 (4%), and 363 (2.8%) cases of acute appendicitis, suppurative appendicitis, early acute appendicitis, gangrenous appendicitis, and perforated appendicitis respectively. Microscopically, no viral inclusions, fungal elements, and histopathologic findings of bacterial causes were found. Parasitic infections such as helminthiasis were detected in 74 (0.6%) cases aged from 6 to 63. Enterobiasis (Syn. oxyuriasis, pinworm infection) accounted for 73 (98.6%) of the 74 helminthiases, while ascariasis accounted for 1 (1.4%). Out of 74 cases, 29 (39.2%) showed evidence of appendicitis. Conclusion: The results suggest that although parasitic agents are minor causes of appendicitis, these agents should be kept in mind during differential diagnosis. However, whether every parasitic infection leads to appendicitis is controversial.","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135459173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute or Short-term Effects of Whey Protein Alone or Along with Carbohydrate on Inflammation: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials:.","authors":"Ali Akbari, Mahsa Moazen, Siavash Babajafari, Seyedeh Maryam Abdollahzadeh, Maryam Ranjbar Zahedani, Najmeh Sasani, Asma Kazemi","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2441","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excessive inflammatory response is associated with several diseases. Recently, there has been an increasing trend for investigation of the acute or short-term effects of whey protein alone or in combination with carbohydrates on inflammatory status, especially in athletes. This systematic review aimed to clarify these effects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from January 1990 to September 2021, without language restriction. Adult studies examining the effects of whey protein alone or together with carbohydrates on interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein levels with a maximum duration of 15 days and with at least one comparison group were included. The quality of studies was analyzed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. Significant reductions in inflammatory markers was observed in seven out of 25 studies (28%). However, one out of 25 studies (4%) reported a significant increase in inflammatory status. Among those studies comparing the effects of whey protein alone with non-protein or protein-containing groups, 18.18% (two out of 11) and 10% (one out of ten) of the trials revealed a significant decrease in the markers, respectively. Moreover, of those studies comparing whey protein plus carbohydrate with non-protein or protein-containing groups, 33.33% (two out of six) and 40% (two out of five) of them showed a significant reduction in the inflammatory response, respectively. The quality of the majority of studies (84%) was poor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It seems that whey protein alone or the combination of it with carbohydrates may not affect the inflammatory markers in the short run (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021273915).[GMJ.2023;12:e2441].</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"e2441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10506851/pdf/GMJ-12-e2441.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41143155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Icariin, A Novel Promising Complementary Therapeutic Strategy in the Management of Female Infertility: A Literature Review:.","authors":"Sima Mosavi, Amirabbas Rostami, Marzieh Pooladi, Mahdie ShojaeiBaghini, Sahar Poudineh, Maryam Poudineh, Esmaeil Behzadi","doi":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2528","DOIUrl":"10.31661/gmj.v12i.2528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of pre-menopausal female infertility is increasing considerably due to various causes such as environmental pollutants, increased administration of chemotherapeutics and radiation exposure, microbial infections, and genetic/epigenetic alterations. However, the current therapeutical strategies remain unfavorite as the disadvantages are strongly challenging. Icariin (ICI) is a phytoestrogen that exerts some promising properties in order to alleviate female infertility. Therefore, the current literature review aimed to evaluate the conducted studies regarding the beneficial impacts of ICI on the female reproductive system and female fecundity. The findings of the present study revealed that ICI is able to modulate the levels of reproductive hormones as it causes a significant decrement in the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) while increasing the levels of estrogen and progesterone. Furthermore, the administration of ICI results in a dramatic alteration in the expression of sex steroids’ receptors, particularly in female reproductive tissues. In addition, preserving ovarian follicular reserve, improving the ovarian and uterine histoarchitecture, elongating the estrous cycle duration, and eventually advancing the female fecundity are other major effects of ICI on the female reproductive system. Despite these desired beneficial properties, the current knowledge appears to be insufficient, hence further investigations, particularly on humans, are encouraged. To the best of our knowledge, this review provides a comprehensive information regarding the beneficial effects of Icariin on female infertility for the firs time.</p>","PeriodicalId":44017,"journal":{"name":"Galen Medical Journal","volume":"12 ","pages":"e2528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10497255/pdf/GMJ-12-e2528.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10296080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}