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The Yin and Yang of Dictionary Making: Slovenian Lexicographers Reflect 词典编纂的阴阳:斯洛文尼亚词典编纂者的反思
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1634
Alenka Vrbinc, Donna M. Farina, Marjeta Vrbinc
{"title":"The Yin and Yang of Dictionary Making: Slovenian Lexicographers Reflect","authors":"Alenka Vrbinc, Donna M. Farina, Marjeta Vrbinc","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1634","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution presents the second and final report on a study that set out to gain a greater understanding of what general modern Slovenian lexicography is. The full study focused on the philosophy, accomplishments, daily practice, and dictionary projects of seven prominent members of the Slovenian lexicographic community, all of whom were interviewed at length. An open-ended interview script allowed study participants to both reflect on their practice and portray their vision of what lexicography or terminography is. Part 1 (Vrbinc, Farina and Vrbinc 2018a; 2018b) reported on whether the lexicographers saw their work as drudgery and what they saw as the nature of their role in the society. Here, in Part 2, the emphasis is on the day-to-day concerns of the participating Slovenian lexicographers. They discuss both the technological and the human resources that drive their work. This second report also includes a brief survey of the historical development of Slovenian lexicography as the necessary backdrop for the interpretation of the modern situation.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43335484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Towards a Legal Dictionary Dutch–Limburgish: Preferences and Opportunities 走向法律词典荷兰-林堡语:偏好和机会
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1633
C. V. Laer
{"title":"Towards a Legal Dictionary Dutch–Limburgish: Preferences and Opportunities","authors":"C. V. Laer","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1633","url":null,"abstract":"Limburgish is a regional language in the Limburg region consisting mostly of the Belgian and Dutch provinces of Limburg. The discussion will be on the Dutch province of Limburg where Limburgish has received some legal recognition as a language. It is desirable to have a Dutch–Limburgish legal dictionary to communicate Dutch law, although Limburgish legal terminology is not a working legal language in any legal system. Special structures and data are needed to collect accessible contents for a Dutch–Limburgish legal dictionary. However, there is no blueprint to create a bilingual legal dictionary for a single jurisdiction. Therefore, this paper first considers some options for the design of the intended dictionary before going into possible sources for Dutch and Limburgish data. The concluding remarks deal with the immediate challenges to be overcome before reaching the production stage of a useful and fully-fledged Dutch–Limburgish legal dictionary.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42738493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Feminine Personal Nouns in the Polish Language. Derivational and Lexicographical Issues 波兰语中的女性人称名词。衍生和词典编纂问题
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1630
Agnieszka Małocha-Krupa
{"title":"Feminine Personal Nouns in the Polish Language. Derivational and Lexicographical Issues","authors":"Agnieszka Małocha-Krupa","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1630","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is dedicated to issues related to designations of women in the Polish language from the second half of the 19th century until the present time. The socio-cultural history of a group of Polish feminine personal nouns (referred to as feminitives or feminatives ) which denote women's social and/or occupational status is discussed. It is argued that feminine personal nouns have been directly dependent on various ideologies: women's emancipation, socrealism and feminism. Ideologies have impacted the use of feminatives, by intensifying or limiting their use in discourse during a particular period, and the attitude of language users to ideologies has influenced the way in which feminatives are perceived. While presenting the richness of the repertoire of gender exponents in contemporary Polish, the possibility of the incorporation of feminine personal formations into dictionaries of general Polish in a scientific and objective manner is investigated. A similar idea was proposed at Wroclaw University, as a result of which a group of female lexicographers compiled Slownik nazw zenskich polszczyzny [Dictionary of Polish Female Nouns]. Some of its innovative lexicographical assumptions (description, not prescription, a discourse-centred method) are discussed in this article. The text corpus presented in the article enables the reader to trace the history of feminine personal nouns in Polish, i.e. their disappearance and re-appearance in the language.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43385435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Das Modul Werbeslogans. Eine korpusinformierte lexikografische Ressource zum aktuellen Gebrauch von Werbeslogans außerhalb der Domäne Werbung 广告语模块。一个基于语料库的词典编纂资源，用于领域外广告口号的当前使用
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1632
Janja Polajnar
{"title":"Das Modul Werbeslogans. Eine korpusinformierte lexikografische Ressource zum aktuellen Gebrauch von Werbeslogans außerhalb der Domäne Werbung","authors":"Janja Polajnar","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1632","url":null,"abstract":"Der vorliegende Artikel setzt sich zum Ziel, das Modul Werbeslogans , das in das OWID-Sprichworterbuch am Leibniz-Institut fur Deutsche Sprache nachhaltig integriert ist, in seiner Entstehung darzustellen. Es handelt sich um eine korpusinformierte und nach Kriterien der wissenschaftlichen Lexikografie erarbeitete Onlinedokumentation von Werbeslogans bzw. von aktuell gebrauchlichen verfestigten Satzen aus der Werbung, die bereits Einzug in die Gemeinsprache gefunden haben. Da diese Slogans ahnlich wie Sprichworter gebraucht werden, wurden sie auch ahnlich beschrieben. Das Modul basiert auf den innovativen lexikografischen Konzepten im Sprichwortbereich, die im EU-Projekt SprichWort. Eine Internetplattform fur das Sprachenlernen fur die Sprichwort-Plattform entwickelt wurden, und auf dem OWID-Sprichworterbuch ; es ist innovativ und stellt keine Fortschreibung tradierter Worterbucher im Bereich der Phraseologie dar. Im Artikel wird einerseits die korpusinformierte Methodik zur Analyse des Slogangebrauchs auserhalb der Domane Werbung expliziert und andererseits der lexikografische Prozess, die Konzeption der Mikrostruktur der Slogan-Artikel sowie die verschiedenen Zugriffsmoglichkeiten in OWID (Online-Wortschatz-Informationssystem Deutsch) dargestellt. Die dargestellte lexikographische Behandlung von Werbeslogans im Rahmen von OWID ist (in der germanistischen Lexikographie) ein Novum und tragt zur lexikographischen Behandlung von polylexikalen Lexikon-Einheiten bedeutend bei; vor allem aus der Sicht der neueren Betrachtungen des Lexikons aus der Perspektive der Konstruktionsgrammatik.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49133122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Peter Martin. The Dictionary Wars: The American Fight over the English Language. 彼得·马丁。词典大战：美国人争夺英语的战争。
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1624
G. Cheng, Hai Xu
{"title":"Peter Martin. The Dictionary Wars: The American Fight over the English Language.","authors":"G. Cheng, Hai Xu","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1624","url":null,"abstract":"Review of Peter Martin. The Dictionary Wars: The American Fight over the English Language .","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48069858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Construal of Mental Health Problems in English Learners' Dictionaries 《英语学习者词典》中心理健康问题的解读
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1622
Arleta Adamska-Sałaciak
{"title":"Construal of Mental Health Problems in English Learners' Dictionaries","authors":"Arleta Adamska-Sałaciak","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1622","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present study is to check how well monolingual learners' dictionaries cope with the sensitive field of mental ill health. The subject is considered worthy of attention in view of the high prevalence of mental health problems among young people, at whom learners' dictionaries are primarily targeted. To obtain a picture of the situation, twelve names of common mental health issues have been looked up in six learners' dictionaries of English (five British and one American). The analysis zoomed in on the choice of genus words, the information value of the definitions and examples, and the potential impact of both on the sensibilities of dictionary users. To resolve occasional disagreements in matters of content, specialist medical sources have been consulted. The treatment is cognitive linguistic in spirit, with the notion of construal — specifically its key component of focal adjustment — serving as the main descriptive tool.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47642927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Literary Quotations in Bilingual Dictionaries: A Case Study of a Nineteenth-century Dutch–Chinese Dictionary 双语词典中的文学引文——以19世纪《荷汉词典》为例
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1625
A. Heijns
{"title":"Literary Quotations in Bilingual Dictionaries: A Case Study of a Nineteenth-century Dutch–Chinese Dictionary","authors":"A. Heijns","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1625","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of literary quotations in dictionaries finds its origin in the days when the search for equivalents was intertextual rather than interlingual based. For both monolingual and bilingual dictionaries the purpose of literary quotations is to supply evidence of usage and illuminate the meaning of the relevant headword, with the difference that for bilingual dictionaries this is done via translation. This article examines this phenomenon in a nineteenth century Dutch–Chinese dictionary by analysing sample sentences that the compiler has extracted from original Chinese texts. Discussion of examples from different types of text will probe the functioning of the quotations and the intention of the compiler. The inclusion of the quotations in the dictionary appear to be the result of both linguistic and cultural intention, in the sense that they are revealing of the syntax of Chinese but also aspects of Chinese culture. These findings will contribute to the understanding of the practice of the inclusion of literary quotations in bilingual dictionaries and the role of the compiler in introducing foreign cultural aspects.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43799853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dictionaries Integrated into English Learning Apps: Critical Comments and Suggestions for Improvement 融入英语学习应用的词典:关键评论和改进建议
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1626
F. Huang, S. Tarp
{"title":"Dictionaries Integrated into English Learning Apps: Critical Comments and Suggestions for Improvement","authors":"F. Huang, S. Tarp","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1626","url":null,"abstract":"Digital applications to assist language learning are becoming increasingly popular. They typically incorporate one or two dictionaries to improve the service so that users avoid leaving the app to consult external resources. This paper deals with the two dictionaries used in a learning app for Chinese learners of English. Initially, it describes the functioning of the app as well as the two dictionaries that have different roles in the app. It then focuses on the one that is integrated into the course texts and can be activated by clicking on a word or a multiword unit. A number of deficiencies are discussed such as inconsistent treatment of words and senses, data overload, difficult access, and inconvenient location of the pop-up window that displays the lexicographical items. These deficiencies may impact negatively on the learners' motivation and the learning process in general. The paper traces the problems to the database that sustains the dictionary as well as the design of the user interfaces that filter the data offered to the users. Finally, and inspired by the classical Chinese Xun Gu tradition, it suggests an alternative, context-adapted approach that breaks with traditional features of the dictionary article and reduces the content of the pop-up window to an absolute minimum. The idea is to avoid a consultation process that interrupts the learners' reading flow and focus on learning.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41748706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Zur Darstellung eines mehrstufigen Prototypbegriffs in der multilingualen automatischen Sprachgenerierung: vom Korpus über word embeddings bis hin zum automatischen Wörterbuch 多语言自动语言生成中多阶段原型术语的表示：从语料库到单词嵌入再到自动词典
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-05-03 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1623
M. Vázquez
{"title":"Zur Darstellung eines mehrstufigen Prototypbegriffs in der multilingualen automatischen Sprachgenerierung: vom Korpus über word embeddings bis hin zum automatischen Wörterbuch","authors":"M. Vázquez","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1623","url":null,"abstract":"Das multilinguale Worterbuch zur Substantivvalenz Portlex gilt als Ausgangpunkt fur die Entstehung der automatischen Sprachgeneratoren Xera und Combinatoria, deren Entwicklung und Handhabung hier prasentiert wird. Beide Prototypen dienen zur automatischen Generierung von Nominalphrasen mit ihren mono- und biargumentalen Valenzstellen, die u.a. als Worterbuchbeispiele oder als integrierte Bestandteile kunftiger autonomer E-Learning-Tools eine Anwendung finden konnten. Als Modelle fur neuartige automatische Valenzworterbucher mit Benutzerinteraktion fassen wir die Sprachgeneratoren in ihrem heutigen Zustand auf. Bei dem spezifischen methodologischen Verfahren zur Entwicklung der Sprachgeneratoren stellt sich die syntaktisch-semantische Beschreibung der vom Valenztrager eroffneten Leerstellen aus syntagmatischer und paradigmatischer Sicht als Schwerpunkt heraus. Zusammen mit Faktoren wie der Reprasentativitat, der grammatischen Korrektheit, der semantischen Koharenz, der Frequenz und der Vielfaltigkeit der lexikalischen Kandidaten sowie der semantischen Klassen und der Argumentstrukturen, die feste Bestandteile beider Ressourcen sind, sticht ein mehrschichtiger Prototypsbegriff hervor. Die kombinierte Anwendung dieses Prototypbegriffs sowie von word embeddings zeigt zusammen mit Techniken aus dem Gebiet der maschinellen Verarbeitung und Generation naturlicher Sprache (NLP und NLG) einen neuen Weg zur kunftigen Entwicklung von automatisch generierten plurilingualen Valenzworterbuchern. Insgesamt stellt der Beitrag die Sprachgeneratoren sowohl aus der Perspektive ihrer Entwicklung als auch aus Nutzersicht dar. Der Fokuss wird auf die Rolle des Prototypbegriffs bei der Entwicklung der Ressourcen gelegt.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42908138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Real-life-based School Dictionary for Turkish 基于现实生活的土耳其语学校词典
IF 0.4 2区 文学
Lexikos Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5788/31-1-1659
Bülent Özkan
{"title":"The Real-life-based School Dictionary for Turkish","authors":"Bülent Özkan","doi":"10.5788/31-1-1659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5788/31-1-1659","url":null,"abstract":"This report aims to describe the development of a new, original, and monolingual dictionary as an educational resource named the Real-life-based School Dictionary (RLBSD). There is a general lack of corpus-based school dictionaries in the Turkish context. The existing dictionaries are based on native speaker intuitions and are far from being empirical, indicating the need for the development of a corpus-based dictionary. In this respect, the RLBSD meets this critical need. A specialized corpus consisting of texts from a range of natural language environments such as coursebooks (from primary to high school) approved by the Ministry of Education (MoNE), children's literature books, and periodicals was compiled and forms the basis of the RLBSD. The dictionary has been designed with the use of information technologies and corpus linguistics methods and is accessible to users on all digital platforms (the Internet, smart board, tablet, smartphone) as an instructional tool. It is believed that the current study may serve as an exemplary work with its methods and outputs for Turkish lexicography studies.","PeriodicalId":43907,"journal":{"name":"Lexikos","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71035784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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